A Controlled Trial of Mebanazine (‘Actomol’) in Depression

1965 ◽  
Vol 111 (480) ◽  
pp. 1095-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Barker ◽  
I. A. Jan ◽  
M. David Enoch
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Structural Formula ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Hydrazine Derivative ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Mebanazine (‘Actomol’) introduced in 1960 for the treatment of depression is a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor hydrazine derivative having the following structural formula:

Actomol

1963 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Mao Inhibitors ◽  
Hydrazine Derivative ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Rats And Mice

Mebanazine (Actomol - ICI), introduced for the treatment of depression, is a hydrazine derivative like phenelzine, and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The introduction of yet another antidepressant of a familiar type is only justified if it has a wider safety margin while being at least as useful as existing effective remedies. Carefully performed (but unpublished) toxicity studies in the manufacturer's laboratories suggest that the safety factor for mebanazine is perhaps ten times greater in rats and mice than is that for any older hydrazine. Unlike drugs related to it, mebanazine is said not to reverse the effect of reserpine given to animals, and is thus claimed to be unlikely to increase the anxiety of the anxious depressive. Like other MAO inhibitors it may dangerously potentiate the effects of many drugs (see Drug & Therap. Bull. November 15, 1963, p. 60).

Amitriptyline: A controlled trial in chronic depressive states

1962 ◽  
Vol 108 (457) ◽  
pp. 859-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Skarbek ◽  
Daphne Smedberg
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Amitriptyline Hydrochloride ◽  
Depressive States

Amitriptyline hydrochloride is 5–(3 dimethylaminopropylidine)–dibenzo (a,d) (1,4) cycloheptadiene hydrochloride. Structurally it is not related to the hydrazines and is not a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. It bears some resemblance to the phenothiazines and its chemical structure is related to imipramine, in which the central seven numbered ring is azepine, nitrogen replacing the partially unsaturated carbon of the amitriptyline cycloheptadiene ring (Dorfman, 1960; Vernier, 1961).

Pheniprazine (cavodil)

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (26) ◽  
pp. 104.2-104
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Mao Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Pheniprazine (Cavodil - Benger) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor which was withdrawn by the manufacturers in 1962, because of its serious toxic effects on the liver and on vision.1 The drug is listed in Medindex (1964, 4, p. 95) and MIMS (December 1964, p. 51) as being indicated in the treatment of depression. Medindex states that the drug has been withdrawn, but is available for patients for whom it is essential. The entry in MIMS mentions neither fact, implying that pheniprazine is one of many MAO inhibitors “available for prescription in general practice in Great Britain”. We consider that it is primarily the responsibility of manufacturers to see that facts of this kind are not omitted from any published information about their drugs. We are glad that the manufacturers of Cavodil have now asked MIMS and Medindex not to list the drug in future editions.

An Australian Multicentre Study of Moclobemide versus Amitriptyline in the Treatment of Depression

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Evans ◽  
Tom George ◽  
Brendan O'sullivan ◽  
Philip Mitchell ◽  
Gordon Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase A ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Blind Comparison

This paper reports the results of a multicentre study of the new monoamine oxidase inhibitor, moclobemide, in the treatment of major depression. Moclobemide is a specific monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor which does not bind irreversibly to the enzyme, unlike the currently available MAOIs. Recent studies would suggest that in subjects taking moclobemide blood pressure elevation caused by tyramine is significantly less than that induced by the irreversible MAOIs, particularly when tyramine is administered in an oral form. Forty-eight patients with major depression were randomly allocated to treatment with either moclobemide or amitriptyline for 4 weeks in a double-blind comparison. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on measures of efficacy. Patients taking amitriptyline reported a greater number of side-effects and more patients in the amitriptyline group dropped out because of these. There were no reports of interactions with tyramine-containing foods.

Controlled Clinical Trial of Isocarboxazid (“Marplan”) in Hospital Psychiatry

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (448) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasant G. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Uncontrolled Trial ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Hospital Psychiatry

A number of synthetic drugs have recently been introduced as specific antidepressants in psychiatry. Isocarboxazid (Marplan) is an analogue of iproniazid (Marsilid). Both belong to the monoamine oxidase inhibitor group of antidepressants. Isocarboxazid is said to be less toxic but of equal potency for a lesser dose than iproniazid. A controlled clinical trial of isocarboxazid was therefore undertaken to assess this drug in the treatment of depression. The results of this trial are reported in this paper together with the results of an uncontrolled trial in a further group of patients (group M) who received isocarboxazid only.

A Report on the Effects of Phenelzine (Nardil), a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor, in Depressed Patients

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (445) ◽  
pp. 1533-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Middlefell ◽  
I. Frost ◽  
G. P. Egan ◽  
H. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Structural Formula ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Mediator ◽  
Normal Concentration ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Depressive States

Phenelzine, β-phenylethylhydrazine, of structural formula, is regarded as a potent, rapidly acting, long-lasting monoamine oxidase (M.A.O.) inhibitor. The administration of such compounds protects 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) which is destroyed by M.A.O. 5-hydroxytryptamine is believed to act in the brain as a chemical mediator, the function of which is to control the pulsating action of oligodendroglial cells which supply the other brain tissues with nutrient. It has been suggested that a relative 5-hydroxytryptamine deficiency is the fundamental biochemical disorder of severe depressive states and that M.A.O. inhibitors such as phenelzine tend to promote restoration to more normal concentration and activity.

Possible antidepressant/mania-inducing effects of methionine: a reappraisal of the effects of methionine in chronic psychosis using modern diagnostic criteria

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
J.F. Lipinski ◽  
R.C. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Chronic Psychosis

SummaryThe authors have reviewed 13 published studies on methionine administration, usually in combination with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), to chronically psychotic patients, using modern (DSM-III) diagnostic criteria. Four of these studies contained sufficient descriptive data to allow reappraisal of the effects. The results of the review suggest that a proportion of the patients experienced the induction of a manic episode/antidepressant effects rather than the reported worsening of schizophrenia while treated with a methionine-MAOI combination. It is suggested that these observations are consistent with recent findings that S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) has antidepressant and mania-inducing effects.

ROLE OF AN ENDOGENOUS MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR, ISATIN, IN SHRSP BRAIN

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (s1) ◽  
pp. S86-S87 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hamaue ◽  
T. Endo ◽  
M. Hirafuji ◽  
N. Yamazaki ◽  
H. Togashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor
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