Islamic Law Perspective on the Use of Incense in Thanksgiving Events at the Balabe Customs in Kailinese Ethnic

The traditional Balabe or Nolabe in the thanksgiving event is an asset of cultural wealth in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Balebe or Molabe custom is carried out every time there are celebratory activities such as weddings, mourning, childbirth and others. This study aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the process of using incense in the implementation of the Balabe custom and how to review Islamic law on the tradition. This study uses a qualitative approach, namely research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people related to the people in Palupi, especially the Kaili tribe. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Furthermore, after the data is collected, the data obtained needs to be analyzed in three stages that run in cycles: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of this study indicate that basically, the major schools of jurisprudence agree to accept customs as the basis for the formation of law. However, in terms of numbers and details, there are differences of opinion between these schools, so that 'urf is included in the group of disputed arguments among scholars. The research implies that it is hoped that all leaders, the community and local government officials will maintain and preserve the bolabe tradition in order to survive even in the face of today's times.

Sensory Profiling and External Preference Mapping of Pre-Thickened Water Products for Dysphagia

Dysphagia is a dysfunction of the swallowing system and thickened beverages are widely prescribed as a treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the sensory characteristics of pre-thickened water products and determine sensory drivers of liking for those types of products. Pre-thickened water products (two starch-based and two gum-based) were tested in both nectar and honey thick versions. Based on product availability, one product was neutral water, and the others were water with lemon flavoring added. The sensory characteristics of the products were evaluated with a highly trained descriptive panel, and the viscosity of the products was evaluated with both the Bostwick consistometer and the line spread test. Previously published consumer data was used to determine preference maps with the descriptive data. All lemon-flavored products had similar flavor characteristics, except the Thick & Easy Clear that had a less lemon-related flavor than the others. After excluding the lemon-related flavor characteristics, all pre-thickened products had similar “base flavor” notes, no matter whether the products were starch-based or gum-based. This contrasts with literature, which reports differences in flavor of thickened beverages prepared using thickening agents. The thickness of the products varied between nectar and honey thickness, but also varied among products that were stated to be at the same level of thickness. External preference mapping showed that both lemon-related flavor and a thinner beverage texture are potential drivers of consumers acceptance of the product, which was expected based on other studies. In conclusion, pre-thickened beverages are good alternatives for self-mixed thickening agents but a standard for thickness should be agreed on and used by manufacturers.

TARIAN ADAT KABASARAN DI MINAHASA (ANALISIS NILAI BUDAYA DAN PELUANGNYA SEBAGAI SUMBER PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER)

This study aims to analyze how traditional Minahasa dances can be used as a source of character education, through an analytical approach to cultural values. This study uses a qualitative method, because it is a procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral data in the Minahasa community. It is also supported by an ethnographic method that focuses on personal experience, and participation born from the field observation process. The results of the research that become cultural values as a source of character education are building Minahasa identity such as courage, agility, valor and especially togetherness. This can be seen in the character of the dancer who is hard, disciplined and firm, mirrors the attitude of uniting and unifying each other, the attitude of chivalry and soldiering. The dancers wear red Minahasa woven clothes and make-up that looks firm and full of authority and has an attitude of courage

A Comparative Effectiveness of Hierarchical and Non-hierarchical Regionalisation Algorithms in Regionalising the Homogeneous Rainfall Regions

Descriptive data mining has been widely applied in hydrology as the regionalisation algorithms to identify the statistically homogeneous rainfall regions. However, previous studies employed regionalisation algorithms, namely agglomerative hierarchical and non-hierarchical regionalisation algorithms requiring post-processing techniques to validate and interpret the analysis results. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the automated agglomerative hierarchical and non-hierarchical regionalisation algorithms in identifying the homogeneous rainfall regions based on a new statistically significant difference regionalised feature set. To pursue this objective, this study collected 20 historical monthly rainfall time-series data from the rain gauge stations located in the Kuantan district. In practice, these 20 rain gauge stations can be categorised into two statistically homogeneous rainfall regions, namely distinct spatial and temporal variability in the rainfall amounts. The results of the analysis show that Forgy K-means non-hierarchical (FKNH), Hartigan- Wong K-means non-hierarchical (HKNH), and Lloyd K-means non-hierarchical (LKNH) regionalisation algorithms are superior to other automated agglomerative hierarchical and non-hierarchical regionalisation algorithms. Furthermore, FKNH, HKNH, and LKNH yielded the highest regionalisation accuracy compared to other automated agglomerative hierarchical and non-hierarchical regionalisation algorithms. Based on the regionalisation results yielded in this study, the reliability and accuracy that assessed the risk of extreme hydro-meteorological events for the Kuantan district can be improved. In particular, the regional quantile estimates can provide a more accurate estimation compared to at-site quantile estimates using an appropriate statistical distribution.

Nursing professionals’ biosafety in confronting COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the nursing professionals’ biosecurity in confronting COVID-19. Methods: This is a Survey type study. Nursing professionals were invited via messaging apps, using self-applied data collection forms. The sample selection (n=693) was non-probabilistic. A descriptive data analysis was conducted. Results: considering the biosafety aspects in facing COVID-19, 79.0% of the participants had not received training or considered it insufficient, 69.3% reported the lack of personal protective equipment during work, and 81.8% did not feel safe with the internal flux adaptations for handling COVID-19 cases. Conclusion: Continuous and effective nursing team training and personal protective equipment availability are necessary, as well as internal flow adjustments for attending suspected or confirmed cases.

Netralitas Aparatur Sipil Negara Dalam Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah Kabupaten Asahan Tahun 2020

This study aims to find out and analyze the neutrality of the State Civil Apparatus in the 2020 Asahan district head election as well as to describe and analyze what factors and obstacles to the non-neutrality of the state civil apparatus in the 2020 Asahan District Head General Election. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with descriptive analytical method. This study uses a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data in the form of recording researchers and facts that will be found in the field. This study uses the theory of bureaucracy according to Weber (1974) and the theory of neutrality according to Amin which states that neutral means not taking sides and not being involved. The results of this study revealed a lack of neutrality for ASN in Asahan Regency as evidenced by violations involving 8 ASN and field facts based on observations and interviews. Meanwhile, the factors that lead to the occurrence of violations are the position factor and the group similarity factor. From the research that has been carried out, it was found that the application of this neutrality rule has obstacles in the form of obstacles from the ASN body itself, the suboptimal monitoring system carried out by Bawaslu and KASN, public understanding of ASN neutrality, and the absence of a budget for monitoring ASN neutrality in the PILKADA of the Asahan Regency Government.

The Influence of Principal's Leadership on Teacher Performance

This study aims to find out how the principal is in his leadership and how influential the principal's leadership is on teacher performance. The method used in this research is descriptive using a quantitative approach. Data collection was obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and documentation studies. While the data analysis uses percentage techniques for descriptive data and test eta quadrat for quantitative data. The results obtained in this study explain that the principal's leadership is in the very good category with a percentage gain of 94.6%.Teacher performance is in the very good category with a percentage gain 80.5%. The results of linear regression calculations show that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Principal leadership contributes 37.6% to teacher performance. Which means principals have an important role in teacher performance.

General Foundation Programs (GFPs) Student Entry and Exit Standards

This paper assessed the performance of General Foundation Programs (GFPs) in Oman in the area of 'Student Entry and Exit Standards'. Data was collected from the GFP quality audit reports prepared and published by Oman Authority for Academic Accreditation and Quality Assurance of Education (OAAAQA). The study adopted a simple descriptive data analysis method, consisting of identifying the formal conclusions issued by OAAAQA (Commendations, Affirmations, and Recommendations) and analyzing their distribution (frequency of occurrence and percentages) and the issues they covered. The study found out that (a) HEIs are yet to establish sustainable practices in their GFPs in relation to entry and exit standards; and (b) the systems in the GFP are still underdeveloped and practices are largely unsystematic. The paper ended by highlighting four improvement suggestions in order to ensure GFP effectiveness.

MAKNA SIMBOL TOLAK BALA DALAM MASYARAKAT BANJAR: KAJIAN ETNOLINGUISTIK [THE MEANING OF WARD OFF MISFORTUNE’S SIMBOL IN BANJAR SOCIETY: ETHNOLINGUISTIC STUDY]

Masyarakat Banjar sebagai salah satu etnik mayoritas di Kalimantan Selatan memiliki tradisi yang sampai sekarang masih dipercaya oleh sebagian orang. Salah satunya adalah tradisi tolak bala. Tradisi tolak bala digunakan untuk mengatasi perasaan dan menangkal hal-hal yang ditakutkan karena kepercayaan mereka terhadap kekuatan roh dan makhluk gaib. Bagaimana bentuk tradisi tolak bala yang dilakukan masyarakat Banjar dan apa makna simbol yang terdapat pada benda-benda yang digunakan untuk penolak bala menarik untuk dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran tentang makna simbol tradisi tolak bala dalam masyarakat Banjar yang dikaji dari teori etnolinguistik. Penulis menggunakan studi literatur dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Banjar masih memiliki kepercayaan mengenai benda-benda sebagai penolak bala. Tradisi tolak bala dalam masyarakat Banjar dilakukan secara berkelompok melalui upacara adat, tetapi ada juga yang dilakukan secara perorangan. Bentuk tradisi tolak bala pada masyarakat Banjar berupa pemberian sesaji, penggunaan jimat atau benda bertuah, dan pemasangan motif hiasan di rumah. Piduduk merupakan salah satu bentuk sesaji sebagai penolak bala yang disiapkan dalam setiap upacara adat. Benda-benda seperti gelang sawan, kain sarigading, sapu tangan berajah, gelang dan cincin berajah merupakan penolak bala yang digunakan secara perorangan, sedangkan motif hiasan pada rumah merupakan penolak bala bagi keluarga di rumah.The Banjar people as one of the majority ethnic groups in South Kalimantan have a tradition named ward off misfortune. This tradition is used to overcome feelings and ward off things. How is the form of this tradition carried out by the Banjar people and what are the meaning of the symbols are interesting to study. This study aims to obtain an overview of the meaning of ward off misfortune’s symbol in Banjar society which is studied from ethnolinguistic theory. The author uses a literature study with qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The results shows that Banjar people still have beliefs about objects as a ward off missfortune. This tradition is carried out in groups through traditional ceremonies and individually. This tradition is in the form of offerings, the use of amulets or magical objects, and the installation of decorative motifs at home.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JAMUR MAKROSKOPIS DI KAWASAN AIR TERJUN CURUG EMBUN KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU

This study aims to determine the types, diversity index, species evenness index, dominance index, and relative density of macroscopic fungi in the Waterfall area of ​​Curug Embun, Marga Bakti Village, North Lubuklinggau District I. This research is quantitative descriptive. Data collection techniques in this study using the roaming method with sampling using purposive sampling technique. The results of the analysis of the macroscopic fungal diversity index in the Curug Embun Waterfall area were 1.3530, the species evenness index was 0.4516, the dominance index was 0.4776 and the highest relative density was 68.027%. There are 3 edible species and 17 non-edible mushrooms. 17 species of macroscopic mushrooms in the Waterfall area of ​​Curug Embun were found. The diversity index, dominance, and Simpson index are in the medium category. Schizophyllum commune is the most commonly found species.