On the Examination of the Fæces in the Diagnosis of Phthisis Pulmonalis

1929 ◽  
Vol 75 (308) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Charles E. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus

Many methods have been devised as adjuncts to clinical observation in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Leaving aside the use of the Röntgen rays and the method of cyto-diagnosis which at one time had vogue in France, the procedures may be divided into two groups: (1) those which depend on the observation of the effects of various extracts of the tubercle bacillus upon the patient; and (2) those which depend on laboratory observations upon various materials (sputum, blood, fæces, etc.). Among those in the former group are the tuberculin test, the Von Pirquet, Moro's cutaneous and Calmette's ophthalmic reactions. Their uses are limited. It is the methods in the latter group that lend themselves more readily to general use.

Notes upon the Incidence of Tuberculosis in Asylums

1906 ◽  
Vol 52 (216) ◽  
pp. 92-108
Author(s):  
George Greene
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
True Proportion ◽  
Lunatic Asylums

It is the prevalent opinion that phthisis is the scourge of our English lunatic asylums, and that these institutions are, literally speaking, hotbeds for the growth and distribution of the tubercle bacillus. In the Irish asylums, where the death-rate from phthisis alone amounts to nearly 30 per cent. of all causes of death, there seems to be just grounds for this belief. In the English asylums, however, the mortality is much lower, and is but little, if any, greater than that amongst the general population. This can be verified by examination of the Registrar-General's Report, from which it appears that phthisis accounts approximately for one in twelve of all deaths. These figures probably represent less than the true proportion of deaths from phthisis, since post-mortem examinations in the majority of cases are not made, and thus, doubtless, many cases of pulmonary tuberculosis are overlooked.

scholarly journals The proportional frequency of the human and bovine types of tubercle bacilli in human pulmonary tuberculosis in the middle and south of Scotland

1940 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stanley Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Cervical Gland ◽  
Gland Enlargement

1. The types of tubercle bacilli have been determined in the sputum of 515 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis occurring in the middle and south of Scotland.2. Of the 515 cases 484 were human (476 eugonic and eight dysgonic) and thirty-one were bovine infections.3. With the exception of the strains from one case (case 28) all the bovine strains, seventy in number, were typical culturally and fully virulent for rabbits.4. The attenuated strains, two in number, from case 28 were slightly less virulent than typical bovine strains for rabbits and (one strain) for guinea-pigs.5. The percentage of bovine infections found in this series, including the Cumberland case, during the years 1931–9 was 6·0, but excluding that case it was 5·8.6. The percentage of bovine infections found by Munro during about the same period and covering the same regions was 5·0%.7. In Munro's series strains of bovine tubercle bacilli were obtained from fifty-eight out of 1165 persons (5·0%). Five of his cases yielded attenuated bovine strains and in one of these the pulmonary tuberculosis was preceded by tuberculosis of the thoracic spine.8. In my series the attenuated tubercle bacilli came from a case (case 28) of pulmonary tuberculosis which was preceded nearly 20 years previously by tuberculosis of the lower dorsal spine.Dr Munro and others have made post-mortem examinations on cases of phthisis pulmonalis due to bovine bacilli, but I wish to defer reference to these until we can review them altogether.In this series there are seven instances of cervical gland enlargement and one instance (case 28) of spinal tuberculosis occurring previous to the development of phthisis pulmonalis. These, I think, are examples of alimentary infection with the bovine tubercle bacillus. Thus, with the three autopsies previously mentioned, there are eleven cases, or about one-third, which are almost certainly alimentary in origin. As for the rest of the cases, 20 in number, no glandular enlargements in neck or abdomen were detected but the majority, if not all, were probably alimentary in origin, since all the persons drank a lot of raw milk and only five came into direct contact with cattle in their employment.

scholarly journals A clinical observation of a Mycobacterium avium skin lesion in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
V. I. Mitrushkina ◽  
S. V. Smerdin ◽  
N. V. Stavitskaya ◽  
I. A. Lapyreva ◽  
S. V. Lazebny
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Clinical Observation

scholarly journals Non-pulmonary tuberculosis in England and in Wales. Account of a group investigation undertaken during the years 1943 to 1954

1949 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-359 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
Bovine Type

1. The present inquiry was designed to provide information on the relative frequency of infection in non-pulmonary tuberculosis with the human and bovine type of tubercle bacillus throughout the whole of England. A total of 149 pathologists at 120 collecting centres and 32 bacteriologists at 27 typing centres took part in the scheme. Two questionnaires relating to each patient were used, one to be filled in by the laboratory workers and one by the Tuberculosis Officer or other responsible official.1. Tubercle bacilli were isolated and typed from 112 patients in Wales. of these strains, 19 or 17·0 % belonged to the bovine and 93 or 83 % to the human type (Table 16).

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