pulmonary tuberculosis
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Cureus ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Memon ◽  
Ayesha Akram ◽  
Karishma Popli ◽  
James B Spriggs ◽  
Sana Rehman ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Joseph Baruch Baluku ◽  
Ernest Mayinja ◽  
Pallen Mugabe ◽  
Kauthrah Ntabadde ◽  
Ronald Olum ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Federico Giannelli ◽  
Diletta Cozzi ◽  
Edoardo Cavigli ◽  
Irene Campolmi ◽  
Francesca Rinaldi ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0010120
Author(s):  
Sahilu Tesfaye ◽  
Biruk zerfu ◽  
Kassu Desta

Background Intestinal parasites and Tuberculosis (TB) co-infection is a major public health problem. The parasitic infection suppresses the cell mediated immunity that protects tuberculosis. Helminthes-induced immune modulation promotes progression to active tuberculosis. However, there is paucity of evidences on the intestinal parasites-tuberculosis co-infection in Ethiopia. This study explores the magnitude and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infection and TB among suspected pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Methodology A cross-sectional study design was conducted in Kuyu General Hospital from December 2019—March 2020. The socio-demographic data and associated factors were collected by structured questionnaire and then spot-spot sputum and fresh stool samples were collected following standard guidelines and were processed. Descriptive analysis was conducted and reported in frequency and percentage. Bivariate analysis was computed and a multivariable analysis was conducted to provide an adjusted odds ratio (AOR). P-value <0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant. Results The burden of intestinal parasites was 20.2% (49/ 242) and 6.1% (20/ 242) of them were helminths infections and 14.1% (29/ 242) were protozoa infections. Of 242 patients, 14.9% (36/242) were sputum smear-positive for acid fast-bacilli. Of 36 smear positive patients, 9(25%) had TB–intestinal parasites co-infection. Dwelling in rural areas and having untrimmed fingernails were statistically significantly associated with intestinal parasites. Having a contact history of Tb patients was significantly associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusions The magnitude of intestinal parasites and TB among PTB suspected patients were high. Hookworm infection was the predominant helmenthic infection. It is important to consider screening TB patients for intestinal parasites and treat co-infection properly.


2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria T. A. Wetscherek ◽  
Timothy J. Sadler ◽  
Janice Y. J. Lee ◽  
Sumit Karia ◽  
Judith L. Babar

AbstractTuberculosis remains a major global health issue affecting all countries and age groups. Radiology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This review aims to improve understanding and diagnostic value of imaging in PTB. We present the old, well-established findings ranging from primary TB to the common appearances of post-primary TB, including dissemination with tree-in-bud nodularity, haematogenous dissemination with miliary nodules and lymphatic dissemination. We discuss new concepts in active PTB with special focus on imaging findings in immunocompromised individuals. We illustrate PTB appearances borrowed from other diseases in which the signs were initially described: the reversed halo sign, the galaxy sign and the cluster sign. There are several radiological signs that have been shown to correlate with positive or negative sputum smears, and radiologists should be aware of these signs as they play an important role in guiding the need for isolation and empirical anti-tuberculous therapy.


2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghu Yan ◽  
Wuzhang Wang ◽  
Wenlong Zhao ◽  
Liping Zuo ◽  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective To differentiate nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary diseases from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) by analyzing the CT radiomics features of their cavity. Methods 73 patients of NTM pulmonary diseases and 69 patients of PTB with the cavity in Shandong Province Chest Hospital and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed. 20 patients of NTM pulmonary diseases and 20 patients of PTB with the cavity in Jinan Infectious Disease Hospitall were collected for external validation of the model. 379 cavities as the region of interesting (ROI) from chest CT images were performed by 2 experienced radiologists. 80% of cavities were allocated to the training set and 20% to the validation set using a random number generated by a computer. 1409 radiomics features extracted from the Huiying Radcloud platform were used to analyze the two kinds of diseases' CT cavity characteristics. Feature selection was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods, and six supervised learning classifiers (KNN, SVM, XGBoost, RF, LR, and DT models) were used to analyze the features. Results 29 optimal features were selected by the variance threshold method, K best method, and Lasso algorithm.and the ROC curve values are obtained. In the training set, the AUC values of the six models were all greater than 0.97, 95% CI were 0.95–1.00, the sensitivity was greater than 0.92, and the specificity was greater than 0.92. In the validation set, the AUC values of the six models were all greater than 0.84, 95% CI were 0.76–1.00, the sensitivity was greater than 0.79, and the specificity was greater than 0.79. In the external validation set, The AUC values of the six models were all greater than 0.84, LR classifier has the highest precision, recall and F1-score, which were 0.92, 0.94, 0.93. Conclusion The radiomics features extracted from cavity on CT images can provide effective proof in distinguishing the NTM pulmonary disease from PTB, and the radiomics analysis shows a more accurate diagnosis than the radiologists. Among the six classifiers, LR classifier has the best performance in identifying two diseases.


Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin Mustapha ◽  
Jaeyres Jani ◽  
Cheronie Shely Stanis ◽  
Dg Syahidah Nadiah Abdull Majid ◽  
Chin Kai Ling ◽  
...  

This paper reports on the whole-genome sequencing of a streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain that was isolated from a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis in Sabah state of Malaysian Borneo. The strain belongs to the EAI2-Manila family of lineage 1 and is clustered with M. tuberculosis strains from the Philippines, India, and Taiwan.


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