Bayesian Estimations of Peak Ground Acceleration and 5% Damped Spectral Acceleration from Modified Mercalli Intensity Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Ebel ◽  
David J. Wald
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Ground Motion Attenuation ◽  
Quantitative Estimates

We describe a new probabilistic method that uses observations of modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) from past earthquakes to make quantitative estimates of ground shaking parameters (i.e., peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, 5% damped spectral acceleration values, etc.). The method uses a Bayesian approach to make quantitative estimates of the probabilities of different levels of ground motions from intensity data given an earthquake of known location and magnitude. The method utilizes probability distributions from an intensity/ground motion data set along with a ground motion attenuation relation to estimate the ground motion from intensity. The ground motions with the highest probabilities are the ones most likely experienced at the site of the MMI observation. We test the method using MMI/ground motion data from California and published ground motion attenuation relations to estimate the ground motions for several earthquakes: 1999 Hector Mine, California (M7.1); 1988 Saguenay, Quebec (M5.9); and 1982 Gaza, New Hampshire (M4.4). In an example where the method is applied to a historic earthquake, we estimate that the peak ground accelerations associated with the 1727 (M∼5.2) earthquake at Newbury, Massachusetts, ranged from 0.23 g at Newbury to 0.06 g at Boston.

Numerical Modeling of Near Fault Seismic Ground Motion for Denali Fault

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Good Agreement

An effective earthquake (Mw 7.9) struck Alaska on 3 November, 2002. This earthquake ruptured 340 km along Susitna Glacier, Denali and Totschunda faults in central Alaska. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) was recorded about 0.32 g at station PS10, which was located 3 km from the fault rupture. The PGA would have recorded a high value, if more instruments had been installed in the region. A numerical study has been conducted to find out the possible ground motion record that could occur at maximum horizontal slip during the Denali earthquake. The current study overcomes the limitation of number of elements to model the Denali fault. These numerical results are compared with observed ground motions. It is observed that the ground motions obtained through numerical analysis are in good agreement with observed ground motions. From numerical results, it is observed that the possible expected PGA is 0.62 g at maximum horizontal slip of Denali fault.

scholarly journals Characteristics of strong ground motion attenuation in the 2019 Mw 5.8 Changning earthquake, Sichuan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Hu ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
J. B. Zhu ◽  
G. H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Ground Motion Attenuation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Strong Ground

AbstractA moderate magnitude earthquake with Mw 5.8 occurred on June 17, 2019, in Changning County, Sichuan Province, China, causing 13 deaths, 226 injuries, and serious engineering damage. This earthquake induced heavier damage than earthquakes of similar magnitude. To explain this phenomenon in terms of ground motion characteristics, based on 58 sets of strong ground motions in this earthquake, the peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), acceleration response spectra (Sa), duration, and Arias intensity are analyzed. The results show that the PGA, PGV, and Sa are larger than the predicted values from some global ground motion models. The between-event residuals reveal that the source effects on the intermediate-period and long-period ground motions are stronger than those on short-period ground motions. Comparison of Arias intensity attenuation with the global models indicates that the energy of ground motions of the Changning earthquake is larger than those of earthquakes with the same magnitude.

Ground Motion Attenuation Model for Peak Horizontal Acceleration from Shallow Crustal Earthquakes

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Graizer ◽  
Erol Kalkan
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Attenuation Model ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Ground Motion Attenuation ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Peak Horizontal Acceleration ◽  
Recent Earthquakes

Spatial distribution of ground motion data of recent earthquakes unveiled some features of peak ground acceleration (PGA) attenuation with respect to closest distance to the fault ( R) that current predictive models may not effectively capture. As such, PGA: (1) remains constant in the near-fault area, (2) may show an increase in amplitudes at a certain distance of about 3–10 km from the fault rupture, (3) attenuates with slope of R−1 and faster at farther distances, and (4) intensifies at certain distances due to basin effect (if basin is present). A new ground motion attenuation model is developed using a comprehensive set of ground motion data compiled from shallow crustal earthquakes. A novel feature of the predictive model is its new functional form structured on the transfer function of a single-degree-of-freedom oscillator whereby frequency square term is replaced with closest distance to the fault. We are proposing to fit ground motion amplitudes to a shape of a response function of a series (cascade) of filters, stacked separately one after another, instead of fitting an attenuation curve to a prescribed empirical expression. In this mathematical model each filter represents a separate physical effect.

scholarly journals Estimation of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Spectral Acceleration (Sa) Vertical Component for Interface Subduction Zone Earthquakes of North-east India (NEI) and Adjacent Regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Tauhidur ◽  
Ricky L Chhangte
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Abstract This article presented ground motion model (GMM) for vertical peak ground acceleration (PGA) and pseudo spectral acceleration (Sa) at 5 % damping for North-east India (NEI) and adjacent regions at a time period of 0.01 to 5 s, and hypocentral distance 40 to 300 km. We used combined point source (4.5 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.5) and finite fault model (6.5 < Mw ≤ 9.5) (refer as combined model) to develop GMM for vertical component of ground motion (VCGM) for the region. The vertical GMM obtained is validated with the available recorded events in NEI and adjacent regions for the interface subduction zone earthquakes. It is observed that peak ground accelerations and spectral accelerations are 55 to 65% lesser than the horizontal components of ground motions. VCGM parameters obtained in this study play an important role in designing low rise buildings and linear superstructures such as bridges, silos and chimneys.

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