Trucks were used later in various positions and strains were measured due to these truck loads. Stresses were calculated from measured strains and compared with analytical stresses calculated based on the design assumptions which are according to AASHTO Standard Specifications. Reasonable agreement between the analytical and experimental results was obtained for dead loads where the steel girders were acting alone without the concrete composite action. Furthermore the diaphragms connecting girder 5 (the instrumented girder) to girder 4 were only loosely connected under the dead loading. Differences in magnitude and distribution pattern, however, were observed for the live loading. These differences are basically due to the conservatism in AASHTO load distribution method as well as the inability of the two dimensional composite beam approach in depicting the actual three dimensional behavior of the bridge system The testing of the bridge was sponsored by Maine Department Of Transportantion, James Chandler is the Bridge Design Engineer. The analytical results presented in this paper were calculated by Steve Abbott of MODT. The interest and support of Jim and Steve as well as Karel Jacobs, also of MDOT, Is greatly appreciated. American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials, Standard Specification for Highway Bridges 2. Newmark, N., "Design of I-Beam Bridges", Transactions ASCE, Vol. 74, No. 3, Part I, March, 1948. 3. Heins, C.P. and Kuo, J.T.C., "Live Load Distribution on Simple Span Steel I-Beam Composite Highway Bridges At Ultimate Load", CE Report No. 53, University of Maryland, College Park, MD., April, 1973. 4. Heins, C.P. and Kuo, J.T.C., "Ultimate Live Load Distribution Factor For Bridges", Journal Of The Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 101, No. ST7, Proc. Paper 11443, July 1975.

1987 ◽  
pp. 52-52
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Mohseni ◽  
Yong Cho ◽  
Junsuk Kang

Because the methods used to compute the live load distribution for moment and shear force in modern highway bridges subjected to vehicle loading are generally constrained by their range of applicability, refined analysis methods are necessary when this range is exceeded or new materials are used. This study developed a simplified method to calculate the live load distribution factors for skewed composite slab-on-girder bridges with high-performance-steel (HPS) girders whose parameters exceed the range of applicability defined by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)’s Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) specifications. Bridge databases containing information on actual bridges and prototype bridges constructed from three different types of steel and structural parameters that exceeded the range of applicability were developed and the bridge modeling verified using results reported for field tests of actual bridges. The resulting simplified equations for the live load distribution factors of shear force and bending moment were based on a rigorous statistical analysis of the data. The proposed equations provided comparable results to those obtained using finite element analysis, giving bridge engineers greater flexibility when designing bridges with structural parameters that are outside the range of applicability defined by AASHTO in terms of span length, skewness, and bridge width.


2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 1441-1445
Author(s):  
Doo Yong Cho ◽  
Sun Kyu Park ◽  
Woo Seok Kim

This paper presents the live load distribution in straight prestressed concrete (PSC) girder bridges with curved deck slab utilizing finite element analyses. Numerical modeling methodology was established and calibrated based on field testing results. A parametric study of 73 cases with varying 6 critical parameters was used to determine a trend over each parameter. Through live load girder distribution factor (GDF) comparisons between the AASHTO LRFD, AASHTO Standard factors and finite element analyses results, both AASHTO live load distribution predicted conservatively in most bridges considered in the parametric study. However, in the bridges with curved slab, GDF was underestimated due to curvature influences. This study proposes a new live load distribution formula to predict rational and conservative live load distribution in PSC girder bridges with curved slab for a preliminary design purpose. The proposed live load distribution provides better live load analysis for the PSC girder bridge with curved slab and ensures the GDF is not underestimated.


2000 ◽  
Vol 1696 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian L. Goodrich ◽  
Jay A. Puckett

Several simplified methods have been developed to determine the live-load distribution factors for overweight vehicles on slab-on-girder bridges; however, these methods were developed for vehicles with standard axles. Many vehicles exist with nonstandard axle configurations, such as two-wheel axles that are wider than 6 ft (1.83 m) and four-wheel axles with wheels that are evenly or unevenly spaced. For these vehicles, a rigorous analysis is generally desired but is often deemed uneconomical. Therefore, a simplified method should be an asset to the bridge community and the trucking industry. A simplified method for determining live-load distribution factors for vehicles with nonstandard axle configurations is presented. Distribution factor formulas for moment and shear in interior and exterior girders are given. These formulas account for the transverse axle configurations that compose a vehicle. Several two- and four-wheel axle configurations are considered. The distribution factor formulas for slab-on-girder bridges presented in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications are incorporated into the proposed simplified method. The simplified method formulas were developed to approximate the results from a rigorous finite strip method. Comparisons are presented as verification of the accuracy of the simplified method. The simplified method results are usually conservative and correlate reasonably well with the rigorous results. In general, simplified methods worked better for interior girders than for exterior girders, and moment was better predicted than shear.


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