PERENCANAAN ULANG GEOMETRIK DAN PERKERASAN JALAN PADA RUAS JALAN BATAS KOTA PADANG – KOTA PAINAN KM 70+000 - KM 72+700

Software bisa membantu pekerjaan menjadi mudah dan cepat. Autodesk Infraworks adalah salah satu software yang dapat mempermudah perencanaan jalan dan merupakan software yang cukup banyak digunakan oleh negara maju. Perencanaan ulang geometrik jalan meliputi perhitungan tebal perkerasan serta anggaran biaya dengan studi kasus pada jalan batas Kota Padang - Kota Painan KM 70+000 - KM 72+700 yang berlokasi di Sago Salido, IV Jurai, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jalan batas Kota Padang - Kota Painan ini merupakan jalur Lintas Sumatra yang menghubungkan antara Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan Provinsi Bengkulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merencanakan ulang geometrik jalan, tebal perkerasan jalan, dan rencana anggaran biaya berdasarkan standar dan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia, sehingga dapat bermanfaat sebagai referensi dalam perencanaan jalan dengan menggunakan software Autodesk Infraworks yang disesuaikan dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Perencanaan geometrik jalan menggunakan aplikasi Autodesk infraworks didapatkan hasil untuk jalan kolektor kelas III A ini, sepanjang 2706,38 m yang memiliki 8 tikungan dan 6 lengkung vertikal serta volume galian sebesar 21550,44 m3 dan volume timbunan sebesar 21519,47 m3. Perhitungan tebal perkerasan dilakukan berdasarkan Manual Desain Perkerasan (MDP) tahun 2017 dengan menggunakan struktur perkerasan kaku sehingga didapatkan struktur perkerasan dengan hasil pelat beton dengan tebal 40 mm, lapis fondasi LMC dengan tebal 60 mm dan lapis drainase dengan tebal 145 mm. Dari perencanaan jalan ini diperoleh rencana anggaran biaya sebesar Rp. 43.447.698.000,00 (empat puluh tiga milyar empat ratus empat puluh tujuh juta enam ratus sembilan puluh delapan ribu rupiah). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan aplikasi Autodesk Infraworks dinilai dapat mempermudah pelaksanaan dan penggambaran dalam pekerjaan serta menghemat waktu, dengan standar AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) tahun 2011 dengan perbedaan hasil perhitungan kecil dari 1%.

Numerical simulation of box culverts subjected to different physical actions and design regulations

This research work was intended to provide a broad and suffcient solution to areas of diffcult vehicular traffic, where during the rainy season some watersheds present a non negligible water flow. The research carried out the structural design of different geometries of box culverts, to provide a solution to vehicular continuity in areas affected by water ows that interrupt pedestrian and vehicle traffic, endangering human lives. The structural designs followed the standards established by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offcials and the Colombian bridge code. The designs were carried out using commercial software SAP2000 for analysis and design through Visual Basic programming, allowing a wide range of geometries and boundary conditions to be established. The structural designs indicated a significant difference in quantities of work in the construction of the box culverts for different geometries, indicating higher volumes of concrete for the designs made using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offcials code compared to Colombian bridge code. The Colombian bridge code has higher steel requirements for fills less than 3.00 m, while for greater heights the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offcials code has the highest steel requirements.

Iowa Experience on Local Calibration of AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PMED) for Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements

The AASHTO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) pavement performance models and the associated AASHTOWare pavement ME design (PMED) software are nationally calibrated using design inputs and distress data largely obtained from National Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) to predict Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) performance measures. To improve the accuracy of nationally-calibrated JPCP performance models for various local conditions, further calibration and validation studies in accordance with the local conditions are highly recommended, and multiple updates have been made to the PMED since its initial release in 2011, with the latest version (i.e., Ver. 2.5.X) becoming available in 2019. Validation of JPCP performance models after such software updates is necessary as part of PMED implementation, and such local calibration and validation activities have been identified as the most difficult or challenging parts of PMED implementation. As one of the states at the forefront of implementing the MEPDG and PMED, Iowa has conducted local calibration of JPCP performance models extending from MEPDG to updated versions of PMED. The required MEPDG and PMED inputs and the historical performance data for the selected JPCP sections were extracted from a variety of sources and the accuracy of the nationally-calibrated MEPDG and PMED performance prediction models for Iowa conditions was evaluated. To improve the accuracy of model predictions, local calibration factors of MEPDG and PMED performance prediction models were identified and gained local calibration experiences of MEPDG and PMED in Iowa are presented and discussed here to provide insight of local calibration for other State Highway Agencies (SHAs).

The Most Potent Unifying Force: Using Architecture to Reflect the Essence of Sport in the Post-Disaster Context

<p>Natural disasters have immense impacts on the physical environment but they also affect communities and individuals on a widespread mental level. Disasters disrupt personal and community identity, sense of belonging and connection to the physical built environment. On the 14th of November, 2016, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the provincial New Zealand town of Kaikoura. The earthquake took the lives of 2 people and caused significant damage to buildings and homes, displacing many families and affecting many of the local businesses. Of significant impact was the damage to State Highway 1, that resulted in the roads in and out of Kaikoura being closed making travel to the north and south much more difficult and time consuming than before the event. For most of the community, their everyday rhythms and routines had been completely compromised as they adapted to their new post disaster environment. The characteristics of sport, both through participating and spectating, have the ability to address the negative impacts of disasters making it an effective tool for disaster recovery. Sport as a support mechanism allows victims of disasters, where for many, sport will be a regular everyday rhythm, to shift their focus of attention from the experiences of loss to finding elements of normalcy in their lifestyles and routines; experiencing familiar bodily functions and re-establishing community identity and personal belonging. Sport in provincial New Zealand is culturally intrinsic and the effects of it not being as available can negatively impact personal and community identity. Sport facilities are often the platform for which many community relationships and networks are created and it is not often that sport is disassociated from the venue it occurs in because of the shared memories and experiences that become embedded through its subconscious fabric. In response to discovering the role of sport as a tool for community resilience, a design led investigation will test how that role can be reflected through architecture. This will be in the form of a community centre that gravitates around sport in Kaikoura. Focussing on the unifying and supportive characteristics of community sport, ideas generated through a workshop in Kaikoura, rather than the traditional pragmatics and efficiency of sports facilities, this design proposal will aim to capture this role in an area recovering from a significant natural disaster. The small coastal town of Kaikoura was selected as the site for the design research as it continues its recovery from the earthquake. The area lost two of its primary sporting facilities; the community swimming pool and high school gym that was used by many community groups outside of the high school. The closures to State Highway 1 meant that the ability to participate in sport, especially for younger generations, was effectively cut off and that as a consequence the role that sport could play in their recovery was compromised, with invisible effects. The risk also exists that intergenerational sport in Kaikoura could die as a result. This research portfolio will conclude with a final design outcome that aims to reflect and facilitate the concepts generated through community intervention and refined through design, illustrating how the role of sport as a tool for resilience can be translated into architecture. The proposal works with the idea of creating a more resilient Kaikoura through a community sports centre in the town but also has the opportunity to serve as a future disaster centre and a community focal point and tourist destination.</p>

Island and Field

<p>We build transport infrastructure to move about the city efficiently. However, in New Zealand, it is often one-dimensional and disconnected from the urban fabric. This is the case in Hataitai, where State Highway 1 imposes a boundary between the nearby village and the Town Belt that could be bridged when new work on the Mt Victoria Tunnel takes place. What could be the nature of a pedestrian bridge that connects these disparate urban territories? I explored this question with two distinct methods. The first used ‘fast and loose’ hand drawing and physical modelling to explore a ubiquitous mesh structure, replacing the ground plane of the site. This Field accommodated a variety of programmed elements and crossings. The second experiment replaced the mesh with an autonomous loop between the park, village and tunnel. This Island required more precise digital modelling tools and a more measured design process. The two methods offer vastly different approaches to urban design. The ubiquitous mesh replaces the existing ground by extending it. The Loop structure is an autonomous figure over the existing and messy ground of the urban junction below. The research demonstrates the tensions between these two approaches to urban intervention and how they can offer alluring moments in the everyday life of the city.</p>

The Most Potent Unifying Force: Using Architecture to Reflect the Essence of Sport in the Post-Disaster Context

<p>Natural disasters have immense impacts on the physical environment but they also affect communities and individuals on a widespread mental level. Disasters disrupt personal and community identity, sense of belonging and connection to the physical built environment. On the 14th of November, 2016, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the provincial New Zealand town of Kaikoura. The earthquake took the lives of 2 people and caused significant damage to buildings and homes, displacing many families and affecting many of the local businesses. Of significant impact was the damage to State Highway 1, that resulted in the roads in and out of Kaikoura being closed making travel to the north and south much more difficult and time consuming than before the event. For most of the community, their everyday rhythms and routines had been completely compromised as they adapted to their new post disaster environment. The characteristics of sport, both through participating and spectating, have the ability to address the negative impacts of disasters making it an effective tool for disaster recovery. Sport as a support mechanism allows victims of disasters, where for many, sport will be a regular everyday rhythm, to shift their focus of attention from the experiences of loss to finding elements of normalcy in their lifestyles and routines; experiencing familiar bodily functions and re-establishing community identity and personal belonging. Sport in provincial New Zealand is culturally intrinsic and the effects of it not being as available can negatively impact personal and community identity. Sport facilities are often the platform for which many community relationships and networks are created and it is not often that sport is disassociated from the venue it occurs in because of the shared memories and experiences that become embedded through its subconscious fabric. In response to discovering the role of sport as a tool for community resilience, a design led investigation will test how that role can be reflected through architecture. This will be in the form of a community centre that gravitates around sport in Kaikoura. Focussing on the unifying and supportive characteristics of community sport, ideas generated through a workshop in Kaikoura, rather than the traditional pragmatics and efficiency of sports facilities, this design proposal will aim to capture this role in an area recovering from a significant natural disaster. The small coastal town of Kaikoura was selected as the site for the design research as it continues its recovery from the earthquake. The area lost two of its primary sporting facilities; the community swimming pool and high school gym that was used by many community groups outside of the high school. The closures to State Highway 1 meant that the ability to participate in sport, especially for younger generations, was effectively cut off and that as a consequence the role that sport could play in their recovery was compromised, with invisible effects. The risk also exists that intergenerational sport in Kaikoura could die as a result. This research portfolio will conclude with a final design outcome that aims to reflect and facilitate the concepts generated through community intervention and refined through design, illustrating how the role of sport as a tool for resilience can be translated into architecture. The proposal works with the idea of creating a more resilient Kaikoura through a community sports centre in the town but also has the opportunity to serve as a future disaster centre and a community focal point and tourist destination.</p>

Island and Field

<p>We build transport infrastructure to move about the city efficiently. However, in New Zealand, it is often one-dimensional and disconnected from the urban fabric. This is the case in Hataitai, where State Highway 1 imposes a boundary between the nearby village and the Town Belt that could be bridged when new work on the Mt Victoria Tunnel takes place. What could be the nature of a pedestrian bridge that connects these disparate urban territories? I explored this question with two distinct methods. The first used ‘fast and loose’ hand drawing and physical modelling to explore a ubiquitous mesh structure, replacing the ground plane of the site. This Field accommodated a variety of programmed elements and crossings. The second experiment replaced the mesh with an autonomous loop between the park, village and tunnel. This Island required more precise digital modelling tools and a more measured design process. The two methods offer vastly different approaches to urban design. The ubiquitous mesh replaces the existing ground by extending it. The Loop structure is an autonomous figure over the existing and messy ground of the urban junction below. The research demonstrates the tensions between these two approaches to urban intervention and how they can offer alluring moments in the everyday life of the city.</p>

Realigning Lifestyle: An integrated approach to ecology, production and living within rural subdivision

<p>The Kapiti Coast is changing. The long awaited expansion of the state highway will see rapid growth along the coast and with it, the rural landscape will face a new set of challenges. As the demand for rural land increases, so does land-use tension. Productive land, which was once converted from an extensive wetland network, is slowly being redeveloped into residential subdivisions in order to fulfil an increasing demand for the country lifestyle. However, lifestyle blocks usually have little productive value and subdivisions fragment natural habitats and ecological systems. The typical method of dealing with land-use is the district plan, which designates the most appropriate land-use to the most appropriate area. However, despite good intentions, it has become increasingly apparent that this planning process is no longer reaching its desired outcome. This thesis will explore new strategies for designing rural-residential subdivision, aiming to address land-use issues through increasing diversity. Set in the beach hamlet of Peka Peka, the design investigates one of the last undeveloped areas of private coastal land in the district. This area is prime real estate, but also holds a high capacity for production. It is situated on the remnants of the Great Swamp, a large network of interconnecting wetlands that used to span the length of the coast, providing the potential to significantly increase the ecological value of this land. The design embraces the opportunity to use the residential development as an economic driver to help this degraded landscape and turn these investments into something that is not only beneficial to its residents, but beneficial to the larger region.</p>

Realigning Lifestyle: An integrated approach to ecology, production and living within rural subdivision

<p>The Kapiti Coast is changing. The long awaited expansion of the state highway will see rapid growth along the coast and with it, the rural landscape will face a new set of challenges. As the demand for rural land increases, so does land-use tension. Productive land, which was once converted from an extensive wetland network, is slowly being redeveloped into residential subdivisions in order to fulfil an increasing demand for the country lifestyle. However, lifestyle blocks usually have little productive value and subdivisions fragment natural habitats and ecological systems. The typical method of dealing with land-use is the district plan, which designates the most appropriate land-use to the most appropriate area. However, despite good intentions, it has become increasingly apparent that this planning process is no longer reaching its desired outcome. This thesis will explore new strategies for designing rural-residential subdivision, aiming to address land-use issues through increasing diversity. Set in the beach hamlet of Peka Peka, the design investigates one of the last undeveloped areas of private coastal land in the district. This area is prime real estate, but also holds a high capacity for production. It is situated on the remnants of the Great Swamp, a large network of interconnecting wetlands that used to span the length of the coast, providing the potential to significantly increase the ecological value of this land. The design embraces the opportunity to use the residential development as an economic driver to help this degraded landscape and turn these investments into something that is not only beneficial to its residents, but beneficial to the larger region.</p>