Neonatal withdrawal syndromes

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-153
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
Mark J Werner

Substances that produce hallucinations have been used for thousands of years. It is said that the Oracle of Delphi inhaled carbon dioxide emanating from a rock fissure to alter consciousness. Cannabis and certain mushrooms were used at the time of the Vedas. Hallucinogenic drugs first captured the American public's attention and concern in the early to mid-1960s during the age of psychedelic experience and "flower children." Over the past 20 years the aura surrounding hallucinogens has changed so greatly that today they are sometimes considered to be just another class of drugs used inappropriately by adolescents. However, the use of hallucinogens by adolescents is much more widespread than many pediatricians may realize. Approximately 14% of adolescents have used hallucinogens. Annual surveys of high school seniors indicate that approximately 10% have used hallucinogens, with 2% to 3% having used them in the past month. Specifically, 1.8% have used lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and 1.4% have used phencyclidine (PCP) within the past 30 days. Studies suggest that PCP is the only drug for which use by adolescents has been increasing in recent years. The purpose of this article is to review the major physiologic and behavioral consequences of hallucinogen abuse, the presentation and management of acute intoxication and withdrawal, and the association between maternal use of hallucinogens and fetal abnormalities or neonatal withdrawal syndromes.


2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
LEE COHEN
Keyword(s):  

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Rosenblatt ◽  
M. M. Gross ◽  
Melinda Broman ◽  
Eastlyn Lewis ◽  
Beverly Malenowski

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204512532199127
Author(s):  
Adele Framer

Although psychiatric drug withdrawal syndromes have been recognized since the 1950s – recent studies confirm antidepressant withdrawal syndrome incidence upwards of 40% – medical information about how to safely go off the drugs has been lacking. To fill this gap, over the last 25 years, patients have developed a robust Internet-based subculture of peer support for tapering off psychiatric drugs and recovering from withdrawal syndrome. This account from the founder of such an online community covers lessons learned from thousands of patients regarding common experiences with medical providers, identification of adverse drug reactions, risk factors for withdrawal, tapering techniques, withdrawal symptoms, protracted withdrawal syndrome, and strategies to cope with symptoms, in the context of the existing scientific literature.


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