◾ Electricity Supply without Fossil Fuels

Electricity is one of the most important needs of the community electricity shorttages are very disturbing human activities as well as the University of Riau Islands campus is very dependent on electricity supply from PLN, because this campus conducts tearning activities at night, the current energy is mustly fulfilled by fosil fuel energy such as petroleum, coal and natural gas but the supply of this energie is decreasing, PLN which as a supply of electricity is very dependent on fossil fuels so that PLN can at any time turn out blackouts on the campus of the University of Riau Islands very disturbed with the rilling blackout because the campus will be dark.there needs to be alternative energy at least illuminating as long as the electricity from PLN is on, this research and design is to build asolar electricity supply sistem to help temporary lighting in this design. PLTS is utilized as Alternative electrical energy to illuminatethe lobby of the Faculty of engineering Universitas Riau.Byusing50Wp solar cell panel,charge controller to maintain the stability of the sistem and 42 Ah batrtery, by using this sistem Dc lamps as a load of 54 Watt batrei capacitycan be lit during a blackout from the PLN.

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Integrative Analysis of Non-Renewable and Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity Generation in U.S.: Demand and Supply Factors, Environmental Risks and Policy Evaluation

ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/es2010-90365 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Ramesh Agarwal ◽

Ping Wang ◽

Lee Chusak

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Electricity Supply ◽

Energy Prices ◽

Biomass Waste ◽

Demand And Supply

An equilibrium economic model for policy evaluation related to electricity generation has been developed; the model takes into account the non-renewable and renewable energy sources, demand and supply factors and environmental constraints. The non-renewable energy sources include three types of fossil fuels: coal, natural gas and petroleum, and renewable energy sources include nuclear, hydraulic, wind, solar photovoltaic, biomass wood, biomass waste and geothermal. Energy demand sectors include households, industrial manufacturing and commercial enterprises (non-manufacturing businesses such as software firms, banks, restaurants, service organizations, universities, etc.). Energy supply takes into account the electricity delivered to the consumer by the utility companies at a certain price which maybe different for retail and wholesale customers. Environmental risks primarily take into account the CO2 generation from fossil fuels. The model takes into account the employment in various sectors and labor supply and demand. Detailed electricity supply and demand data, electricity cost data, employment data in various sectors and CO2 generation data are collected for a period of seventeen years from 1990 to 2006 in U.S. The model is calibrated for the aggregate data. The calibrated model is then employed for policy analysis experiments if a switch is made in sources of electricity generation, namely from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. As an example, we consider a switch of 10% of electricity generation from coal to 5% from wind, 3% from solar photovoltaic, 1% from biomass wood and 1% from biomass waste. It should be noted that the cost of electricity generation from different sources is different and is taken into account. The consequences of this switch on supply and demand, employment, wages, and emissions are obtained from the economic model under three scenarios: (1) energy prices are fully regulated, (2) energy prices are fully adjusted with electricity supply fixed, and (3) energy prices and electricity supply both are fully adjusted.

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Incentive-based policy to promote the production of geothermal power from carbon tax scheme: A case of Indonesian CGE model

RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA ◽

10.3280/riss2020-001007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 105-127

Author(s):

Herbert Wibert ◽

Victor Hasudungana ◽

Sulthon Sjahril Sabaruddinb

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Carbon Tax ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Utilization Rate ◽

Electricity Supply ◽

Total Production ◽

Coal Consumption ◽

Geothermal Potential ◽

Carbon Taxation ◽

The Impact

Indonesia has the largest geothermal potential resources in the world, however, its current utilization rate is about 6% of total geothermal potential. This paper investigates the impact of imposing the carbon taxation on fossil fuels and the tax is then allocated to incentivize the geothermal electricity supply. The results show that carbon taxation can effectively reduce the national GHG emissions. In the scenario of imposing the carbon tax only on coal consumption, the economy tends to improve better than imposing the tax on all types of fossil fuels. This finding indicates that the policy could only reduce the total production cost of electricity supply, but cannot offset the increased price of fossil fuels due to carbon tax. Our analysis also shows that a revenue-recycling scheme of carbon tax on coal uses by reducing the electricity price will lead to welfare improvements and inequality reductions since coal is only consumed in the industrial sector.

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