Agrosilvopastoral Systems in Brazil

ABSTRACT: In pastures, the incidence of weeds reduces the productivity and quality of forage. The identification of the weed species in pastures is fundamental to choose the renewal method. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform phytosociology before and after the renewal of a Brachiaria decumbens pasture, with the implantation of agrosilvopastoral systems. Eighteen different crop arrangements for pasture renewal were evaluated. The renewal systems were by eucalyptus integration (at 12 x 2 m or 12 x 3 m spacings) with maize, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (palisade grass) and/or Macrotyloma axillare (perennial horsegram), or monoculture and intercropping of palisade grass and perennial horsegram, as well as the evaluation of the application or not of the herbicide bentazon, at the recommended dose for maize crops (0.72 kg ha-1). Relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance, relative dominance, coverage value index, importance value index, dry matter and similarity index were evaluated. In the first survey, before the pasture renewal, 23 plant species were identified. After the implantation of agrosilvopastoral systems, the species Sida cordifolia, Lantana camara and B. decumbens were the only occurring ones before and after the renewal of the pasture with agrosilvopastoral systems. The use of palisade grass and the application of the herbicide were efficient in controlling weeds. In systems that contained palisade grass and perennial horsegram, the latter was not found in the survey conducted one year after the implantation.

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Weed management in agrosilvopastoral systems containing corn, palisadegrass, java, and eucalyptus

Agroforestry Systems ◽

10.1007/s10457-018-0235-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 1339-1346 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renan C. Dias ◽

Márcia V. Santos ◽

Anderson B. Evaristo ◽

José B. Santos ◽

Leidivan A. Frazão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Agrosilvopastoral Systems

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Study on the Hymenoptera parasitoid associated with Lepidoptera larvae in reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste) São Carlos, SP, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.21913 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 783-789 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. G. Pereira ◽

R. B. Silva ◽

M. M. Dias ◽

A. M. Penteado-Dias

Keyword(s):

Local Fauna ◽

Agrosilvopastoral Systems ◽

Agrosilvopastoral System ◽

Hymenopteran Parasitoids

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the local fauna of Hymenoptera parasitoids associated with Lepidoptera larvae in areas of reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). Lepidoptera larvae collected with entomological umbrella were kept in the laboratory until emergence of adults or their parasitoids. From those collected in the agrosilvopastoral system, emerged 267 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids belonging to 16 genera: Braconidae, Agathidinae (Alabagrus), Braconinae (Bracon), Microgastrinae (Cotesia, Diolcogaster, Glyptapanteles, Pholetesor and Protapanteles), Orgilinae (Orgilus); Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae (Casinaria, Charops and Microcharops); Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Brachymeria and Conura); Eulophidae, Entedoninae (Horismenus), Eulophinae (Elachertus and Euplectrus). From the Lepidoptera larvae collected in the reforestation, emerged 68 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids, belonging to 8 genera: Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Conura); Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae (Neotheronia), Campopleginae (Charops and Microcharops) and Braconidae, Microgastrinae (Apanteles, Diolcogaster, Distatrix, Glyptapanteles and Protapanteles). The results of this study suggest the occurrence of a wide variety of Hymenoptera parasitoids in the studied environments.

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Potential for Conversion of Agrosilvopastoral Systems of Dairy Cattle to the Organic Production Model in South Eastern Mexico

Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances ◽

10.3923/javaa.2012.3081.3093 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (17) ◽

pp. 3081-3093 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Nahed-Tora ◽

B. Sanchez-Mu ◽

Y. Mena ◽

J. Ruiz-Rojas ◽

R. Aguilar-Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Organic Production ◽

Production Model ◽

South Eastern ◽

Agrosilvopastoral Systems

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Native Trichoderma grown on oat grains controls damping-off and enhances height in soybean

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632016v4742966 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 102-109

Author(s):

Alexandre Dinnys Roese ◽

Gloria Soriano Vidal ◽

Erica Camila Zielinski ◽

Louise Larissa May De Mio

Keyword(s):

Higher Plants ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

Dual Culture ◽

Conidial Suspension ◽

Damping Off ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Agrosilvopastoral Systems

ABSTRACT Trichoderma is a biological control agent used to improve the resistance to diseases, which may also estimulate plant growth. Commercial products with Trichoderma are available in different countries, but most of them are based on conidial suspension. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of native Trichoderma populations collected from different production systems and applied to the soil by using two methods: conidial suspension and inoculated oat grains. The efficiency of native Trichoderma populations collected from conventional crop and agropastoral and agrosilvopastoral systems in a long-term field experiment was evaluated. The populations efficiencies were evaluated by in vivo tests that assessed the control of soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani, plant height and soil colonization with the antagonist. In vitro tests, such as dual culture and assessment of volatile and non-volatile compounds, were conducted to study the mode of action of the populations. Some native Trichoderma populations were as efficient as those from a commercial product in all tests. Compared to conidial suspension, Trichoderma spp. inoculated through oat grains promoted a greater damping-off control, higher plants and more colony-forming units per gram of soil after 3 months of application. Native populations performed equally well or even better than the commercial strain, and the use of a substrate that supports the Trichoderma growth was more efficient than the conidial suspension method.

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