Esmail Jorjani (1042–1137) and His Descriptions of Trigeminal Neuralgia, Hemifacial Spasm, and Bell's Palsy

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadali M. Shoja ◽  
R. Shane Tubbs ◽  
Majid Khalili ◽  
Kazem Khodadoost ◽  
Marios Loukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Bell's Palsy

Abstract ESMAIL JORJANI WAS a prominent Persian physician of the 11th and 12th centuries. We present Jorjani's descriptions of probable trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and Bell's palsy. Additionally, on the basis of our translations of his original text, we believe that Jorjani may have been the first to implicate an artery-nerve conflict as an etiology of trigeminal neuralgia. This theory, documented in Jorjani's Treasure of the Khawarazm Shah and elaborated on by Dandy and Jannetta, constitutes the basis of a modern surgical approach to trigeminal neuralgia. The authors also describe the life and works of Esmail Jorjani and review his Treasure for its descriptions related to the aforementioned cranial nerve pathologies.

Microvascular Decompression for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia, Hemifacial Spasm, and Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: Three Surgical Approach Variations: Technical Note

Neurosurgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1436-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Hitotsumatsu ◽  
Toshio Matsushima ◽  
Tooru Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Superior Portion

Abstract OBJECTIVE We have used three different approaches, namely, the infratentorial lateral supracerebellar approach, the lateral suboccipital infrafloccular approach, and the transcondylar fossa approach, for microvascular decompression for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, respectively. Each approach is a variation of the lateral suboccipital approach to the cerebellopontine angle (CPA); however, each has a different site of bony opening, a different surgical direction, and a different route along the cerebellar surface. METHODS The infratentorial lateral supracerebellar approach is used to access the trigeminal nerve in the superior portion of the CPA through the lateral aspect of the cerebellar tentorial surface. The lateral suboccipital infrafloccular approach is directed through the inferior part of the cerebellar petrosal surface to reach the root exit zone of the facial nerve below the flocculus. The transcondylar fossa approach is used to access the glossopharyngeal nerve in the inferior portion of the CPA through the cerebellar suboccipital surface, after extradural removal of the jugular tubercle as necessary. RESULTS In all three approaches, the cerebellar petrosal surface is never retracted transversely, that is, the cerebellar retraction is never directed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the VIIIth cranial nerve, dramatically reducing the risk of postoperative hearing loss. CONCLUSION The greatest advantage of the differential selection of the surgical approach is increased ability to reach the destination in the CPA accurately, with minimal risk of postoperative cranial nerve palsy.

scholarly journals 18 Lyme disease as an emerging cause of Seventh Cranial Nerve Palsy (“Bell’s palsy”) in Nova Scotia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e7-e7
Author(s):  
Julia LeBlanc ◽  
Michael Young ◽  
Ellen Wood ◽  
Donna MacKinnon-Cameron ◽  
Joanne Langley
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Seventh Cranial Nerve

Abstract Introduction/Background Lyme disease, a tick-borne zoonosis caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, has emerged in Nova Scotia (NS) as a common illness. Since 2002 when Lyme disease was first diagnosed in NS, >1000 cases have been reported. Seventh cranial nerve palsy (CNP-7) is said to be the most common presentation of early disseminated Lyme disease in children in endemic areas. Objectives We aimed to determine the frequency of CNP-7 in NS and if physicians are considering Lyme disease as an etiology. Design/Methods A retrospective review of health records of children seen at the IWK Health Centre from 2000-2018 who were ≤18 years of age with an ICD-9 or 10 diagnosis of Bell’s palsy (CNP-7) was conducted. CNP-7 due to local infection, trauma, malignancy, or systemic neurologic disease was excluded. Results Of 237 ICD “Bell’s palsy” diagnoses, 66 cases were eligible, of which 60.6 % (n=40) were female. The median age was 10 years (range 0-16). Five cases of Lyme disease-associated CNP-7 were recognized (7.6%), all since 2013. No bilateral CNP-7 occurred; 59.1% of cases were on the left. Most children presented within 3 days of symptom onset (84.8%) to the emergency department (95.4%), and 56.1% subsequently saw a pediatric neurologist. The most common associated symptom with CNP-7 was headache (22.7%). Lyme disease was considered in the differential diagnosis in 34.8 % (n=23) of cases, and only since 2012. Systemic steroids were prescribed to 51.5 % (34/66) of children in the emergency department, for durations varying from 1 to 10 days. The most common steroid course length was 5 days. Antimicrobials were prescribed for 18 (27.3%) children including acyclovir, beta lactams and tetracyclines. Resolution of the facial palsy findings was documented in 45 children, of whom 36 (54.5%) had complete resolution and 9 (13.6%) had partial resolution. Four children with Lyme disease associated CNP-7 had complete resolution, and one had partial resolution. Conclusion There does not appear to be a standard approach to diagnosis and management of CNP-7 in this pediatric health centre. Lyme disease is not regularly considered in the differential diagnosis, which is surprising given the high incidence of Lyme disease in NS. These findings will be shared with health care providers most likely to see CNP-7 in order to develop a standard algorithm to the initial presentation of 7th cranial nerve palsy in children.

Microvascular decompression of cranial nerves: lessons learned after 4400 operations

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. McLaughlin ◽  
Peter J. Jannetta ◽  
Brent L. Clyde ◽  
Brian R. Subach ◽  
Christopher H. Comey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Csf Leakage ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Microvascular decompression has become an accepted surgical technique for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and other cranial nerve rhizopathies. The senior author (P.J.J.) began performing this procedure in 1969 and has performed more than 4400 operations. The purpose of this article is to review some of the nuances of the technical aspects of this procedure.Methods. A review of 4415 operations shows that numerous modifications to the technique of microvascular decompression have occurred during the last 29 years. Of the 2420 operations performed for trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia before 1990, cerebellar injury occurred in 21 cases (0.87%), hearing loss in 48 (1.98%), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in 59 cases (2.44%). Of the 1995 operations performed since 1990, cerebellar injuries declined to nine cases (0.45%), hearing loss to 16 (0.8%), and CSF leakage to 37 (1.85% p < 0.01, test for equality of distributions). The authors describe slight variations made to maximize surgical exposure and minimize potential complications in each of the six principal steps of this operation. These modifications have led to decreasing complication rates in recent years.Conclusions. Using the techniques described in this report, microvascular decompression is an extremely safe and effective treatment for many cranial nerve rhizopathies.

Cranial Nerve Lesions in Bell's Palsy

1987 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Levine ◽  
Paul Mckeever ◽  
Bruce Proctor ◽  
Gunner Proud
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Nerve Lesions

scholarly journals Metaphysical Energy Therapy in the Treatment of Cranial Nerve Palsies with Special Reference to Bell’s Palsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (10) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
C. V. Krishnaswami ◽  
C. Ramesh ◽  
B. Sampoornam ◽  
A. Ganesan ◽  
V. Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Energy Therapy

Tactile Stimulation and Mastication Induced Contralateral Trigeminal Neuralgia after Bell’s Palsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Seung Ju Kim ◽  
Duck Su Park ◽  
Du Shin Jeong ◽  
Kwang-Ik Yang ◽  
Hyung-Kook Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Bell's Palsy

Microvascular decompression treatment for post-Bell’s palsy hemifacial spasm

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Li ◽  
Xuesheng Zheng ◽  
Xuhui Wang ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Tingting Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Bell's Palsy

A Single Case study to evaluate the efficacy of Ksheerbala Taila Nasya in the management of Ardita w.s.r. to Bell’s Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Govardhan Ubale Ubale
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment

Ardita is a disease-causing Vakrata (deviation) of Mukha Ardha (half of the face). In Modern science, it can be compared to Bell ’s palsy caused by the involvement of the 7th cranial nerve. It is characterized by the deviation of half of the face & associated with the sudden impairment of motor and sensory function of the affected side of the face. In modern science administration of steroids is the treatment of choice for Bell’s palsy. A 22 yr. an old male patient diagnosed as Ardit Vata treated with Ayurvedic shaman Aushadh along with Ksheerbala taila Nasya,Shirodhara, Abhangya & Nadi Sweda. This Ayurvedic treatment gives a significant improvement in this case. No conventional drugs used during treatment. This is evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of Ayurveda treatment in the case of Ardita Vata.  

Bell's palsy with concomitant idiopathic cranial nerve polyneuropathy in seven dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 397-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Motta ◽  
U. Michal Altay ◽  
G. C. Skerritt
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Bell's Palsy
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