Evaluation of Angiographically Occult Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae With Surgical Microscope-Integrated Intraoperative Near-Infrared Indocyanine Green Angiography: Report of 3 Cases

Neurosurgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan D Killory ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
Peter H Maughan ◽  
Scott D Wait ◽  
Robert F Spetzler
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulae ◽  
Surgical Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Microscope ◽  
Icg Angiography

Abstract BACKGROUND: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae (dAVFs), are lesions involving an aberrant connection between a radicular feeding artery and the venous system of the spinal cord at the dural sleeve of the nerve root. When rare dAVFs are occult on digitally subtracted catheter-based angiography, they present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. OBJECTIVE: We report 3 cases of angiographically occult spinal dAVFs that were evaluated during surgery with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent microscope-integrated angiography. METHODS: Three patients with clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features suggestive of a spinal dAVF but no abnormality on digital subtraction angiography underwent surgical exploration with the aid of microscope-integrated ICG videoangiography. RESULTS: In all 3 cases, ICG identified the intradural vein draining the fistula, clearly distinguishing it from an artery or uninvolved medullary vein. CONCLUSION: ICG angiography can rapidly identify a draining vein as it enters the spinal canal even in dAVFs not identifiable on catheter-based digital subtraction angiography.

Evaluation of Serial Intraoperative Surgical Microscope-Integrated Intraoperative Near-Infrared Indocyanine Green Videoangiography in Patients With Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. ons34-ons43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Takagi ◽  
Keiko Sawamura ◽  
Nobuo Hashimoto ◽  
Susumu Miyamoto
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescence Angiography ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Indocyanine Green Videoangiography ◽  
Surgical Microscope

Abstract BACKGROUND: With the use of indocyanine green (ICG) as a novel fluorescent dye, fluorescence angiography has recently reemerged as a viable option. OBJECTIVE: To show the result of ICG videoangiography in cases of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. METHODS: Twenty-seven ICG videoangiography procedures were performed in 11 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed 27 times in these patients. The timing of intraoperative DSA was before dissection, after clipping of feeders, and after dissection of the nidus. RESULTS: The procedures were performed in 4.7 ± 1.4 minutes (mean ± SD; n = 27 minutes), whereas intraoperative digital subtraction angiography was performed for a mean of 16.6 ± 3.8 minutes (n = 27 minutes). In predissection studies, feeders were visualized by ICG in 3 of 9 cases. The nidus was visualized in all 9 cases, and drainers were visualized in 8. Intraoperative DSA visualized the feeders, nidus, and drainers in all 9 cases. After clipping of feeders, ICG videoangiography showed flow reduction of the nidus in 7 of 7 cases. Intraoperative DSA also showed that finding in 9 of 9 cases. After total dissection of the nidus, all cases disclosed that the drainers were without ICG filling. Intraoperative DSA also showed that result in all of the cases. Unexpected residual nidus was not visualized in our series with either method. CONCLUSION: We found that ICG videoangiography is helpful for resecting cerebral arteriovenous malformation. It is especially effective in visualizing the nidus and superficial drainers, as well as changes in flow after clipping or coagulating of feeders.

Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Videoangiography for Spinal Vascular Lesions: Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. onsE241-onsE245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Murakami ◽  
Izumi Koyanagi ◽  
Takahisa Kaneko ◽  
Satoshi Iihoshi ◽  
Kiyohiro Houkin
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Indocyanine Green Videoangiography ◽  
Surgical Microscope ◽  
Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: In surgery of spinal vascular lesions such as spinal arteriovenous fistula or vascular tumors, assessment of feeding arteries and draining veins is important. Intraoperative digital subtraction angiography is useful but is invasive and sometimes technically demanding. Near-infrared indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography is less invasive and has been reported as an intraoperative diagnosis of arterial patency during clipping surgery of cerebral aneurysms or bypass surgeries. We present our experience with intraoperative ICG videoangiography in 3 cases of spinal vascular lesions. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Two patients had spinal arteriovenous fistula (perimedullary, n = 1; dural, n = 1), and 1 patient had spinal cord hemangioblastoma at the thoracic or thoracolumbar level. The surgical microscope was an OPMI Pentero (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). After laminectomy and opening of the dura, ICG (5 mg) was injected intravenously. The ICG angiography clearly demonstrated feeding and draining vessels. The ICG findings greatly helped successful interruption of arteriovenous fistula and total removal of the tumor. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative ICG videoangiography for spinal vascular lesions was useful by providing information on vascular dynamics directly. However, the diagnostic area is limited to the field of the surgical microscope. Although intraoperative digital subtraction angiography is still needed in cases of complex spinal vascular lesions, ICG videoangiography will be an important diagnostic modality in the field of spinal vascular surgeries.

Use of Microscope-Integrated Near-Infrared Indocyanine Green Videoangiography in the Surgical Treatment of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo A. Hanel ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
Robert F. Spetzler
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Type I ◽  
Spinal Angiography ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Indocyanine Green Videoangiography ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulae ◽  
Excitation Light

Abstract OBJECTIVE Identification and complete interruption of fistulae are essential but not always obvious during the surgical treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae (dAVFs). We examined cases in which we identified and confirmed surgical obliteration of a spinal dAVF with the aid of microscope-integrated near-infrared indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography. METHODS ICG videoangiography was performed during 6 surgical interventions in which 6 intradural dorsal AVFs (type I) were interrupted. An operating microscope-integrated light source containing infrared excitation light illuminated the operating field and was used to visualize an intravenous bolus of ICG. The locations of fistulae, feeding arteries, and draining veins and documentation of occlusion of the fistulae were compared with findings on preoperative and postoperative digital subtraction angiography. RESULTS ICG videoangiography identified the fistulous point(s), feeding arteries, and draining veins in all 6 cases, as confirmed by immediate postoperative selective spinal angiography. In 1 case, intraoperative ICG ruled out an additional questionable fistula at a contiguous level suspected on the preoperative angiography. CONCLUSION Microscope-based ICG videoangiography is simple and provides real-time information about the precise location of spinal dAVFs. During spinal dAVF surgery, this technique can be useful as an independent form of angiography or as an adjunct to intra or postoperative digital subtraction angiography. Larger series are needed to determine whether use of this modality could reduce the need for immediate postoperative spinal angiography after obliteration of intradural dorsal AVFs.

PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF SURGICAL MICROSCOPE–INTEGRATED INTRAOPERATIVE NEAR-INFRARED INDOCYANINE GREEN ANGIOGRAPHY DURING CEREBRAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION SURGERY

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan D. Killory ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
L. Fernando Gonzales ◽  
Francisco A. Ponce ◽  
Scott D. Wait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescence Angiography ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Arteriovenous Shunting ◽  
Icg Angiography ◽  
Normal Vessel ◽  
Vascular Neurosurgery ◽  
Postoperative Findings ◽  
Angiographic Findings

Abstract OBJECTIVE Microscope-integrated indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography is a novel technique in vascular neurosurgery with potential utility in treating arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). METHODS We analyzed the application of intraoperative ICG in 10 consecutive AVM surgeries for which surgical video was available. The ability to distinguish AVM vessels (draining veins, feeding and nidal arteries) from each other and from normal vessel was evaluated, and ICG angiographic findings were correlated with intra- and postoperative findings on digital subtraction angiography (DSA). RESULTS ICG angiography was found to be useful by the surgeon in 9 of 10 patients. In 8 patients, it helped to distinguish AVM vessels. In 3 of 4 patients undergoing a postresection injection, it demonstrated that there was no residual arteriovenous shunting. In 1 patient, it helped to identify a small AVM nidus that was otherwise inapparent within a hematoma. Intraoperative DSA showed residual AVM in 2 of 10 patients requiring further resection of AVM not visualized during surgery. CONCLUSION Microscope-integrated ICG angiography is a useful tool in AVM surgery. It can be used to distinguish AVM vessels from normal vessels and arteries from veins based on the timing of fluorescence with the dye. Our experience suggests that it is less useful with deep-seated lesions or when AVM vessels are not on the surface. ICG angiography complements rather than replaces DSA.

Indocyanine Green Videoangiography “In Negative”: Definition and Usefulness in Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. ons86-ons92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Julián ◽  
Pablo Miranda Lloret ◽  
Fernando Aparici Robles ◽  
Andrés Beltrán Giner ◽  
Carlos Botella Asunción
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Indocyanine Green Videoangiography ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulae ◽  
Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae

Abstract BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green videoangiography (IGV) raises important limitations when we use it in vascular pathology, especially in cases with arterialization of the venous system such as arteriovenous malformations and fistulae. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to provide a simple procedure that overcomes the limitations of conventional IGV. We define IGV in negative (IGV-IN), so-called because, in its first phase, the vessel to analyze is clipped, and we report 3 cases of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae treated with this procedure. METHODS: In 2011, we applied IGV-IN to 3 patients at our center with Borden type III intracranial arteriovenous fistulae. RESULTS: In all 3 cases, IGV-IN enabled both diagnosis and post-dural arteriovenous fistula exclusion control in 1 integrated procedure no longer than 1 minute, requiring only 1 visualization. CONCLUSION: IGV-IN is an improvement over the conventional IGV method and is able to provide more information in a shorter period of time. It is an intuitive and highly visual procedure, and, more importantly, it is reversible. Studies with larger samples are necessary to determine whether IGV-IN can further reduce the need for postoperative digital subtraction angiography.

DEPICTION OF SMALL VEINS DRAINING INTO THE VEIN OF GALEN USING PREOPERATIVE 3‐DIMENSIONAL NAVIGATION IN LIVING PATIENTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. ons247-ons252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Giordano ◽  
Karsten H. Wrede ◽  
Lennart H. Stieglitz ◽  
Laura Columbano ◽  
Madjid Samii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Pineal Region ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Vein Of Galen ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Computed Tomographic

Abstract OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to delineate the anatomy of the precentral cerebellar vein, superior vermian vein, and internal occipital vein using reconstructions of computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging scans with navigation software. These data were compared with previous anatomic and angiographic findings to show the resolution and accuracy of the system. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 100 patients with intracranial pathologies (50 computed tomographic scans with contrast and 50 magnetic resonance imaging scans with gadolinium) using a neuronavigation workstation for 3-dimensional reconstruction. Particular attention was paid to depiction of the precentral cerebellar vein, superior vermian vein, and internal occipital vein. The data were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS The precentral cerebellar vein, superior vermian vein, and its tributary, the supraculminate vein, were depicted in 52 (52%) patients. The internal occipital vein was delineated on 99 (49.5%) sides and joined the basal vein and vein of Galen in 39 (39.4%) and 60 (60.6%) hemispheres, respectively. Comparing these results with previous angiographic studies, the ability of the neuronavigation system for depicting these vessels is similar to that of digital subtraction angiography. CONCLUSION This study illustrates the possibility of depicting the small vessels draining into the pineal region venous complex using 3-dimensional neuronavigation with an accuracy comparable to that of digital subtraction angiography. This tool provides important information for both surgical planning and intraoperative orientation.

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