scholarly journals Septate junctions regulate gut homeostasis through regulation of stem cell proliferation and enterocyte behavior in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (18) ◽  
pp. jcs232108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Izumi ◽  
Kyoko Furuse ◽  
Mikio Furuse
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Septate Junctions ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Gut Homeostasis

scholarly journals Septate junctions regulate gut homeostasis through regulation of stem cell proliferation and enterocyte behavior in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Izumi ◽  
Kyoko Furuse ◽  
Mikio Furuse
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Septate Junction ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Septate Junctions ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Intestinal Hypertrophy

AbstractSmooth septate junctions (sSJs) contribute to the epithelial barrier, which restricts leakage of solutes through the paracellular route of epithelial cells in the Drosophila midgut. We previously identified three sSJ-associated membrane proteins, Ssk, Mesh, and Tsp2A, and showed that these proteins were required for sSJ formation and intestinal barrier function in the larval midgut. Here, we investigated the roles of sSJs in the Drosophila adult midgut. Depletion of any of the sSJ-proteins from enterocytes resulted in remarkably shortened lifespan and intestinal barrier dysfunction in flies. Interestingly, the sSJ protein-deficient flies showed intestinal hypertrophy accompanied by accumulation of morphologically abnormal enterocytes. The phenotype was associated with increased stem cell proliferation and activation of the MAP kinase and Jak-Stat pathways in stem cells. Loss of cytokines Unpaired2 and Unpaired3, which are involved in Jak-Stat pathway activation, suppressed the intestinal hypertrophy, but not the increased stem cell proliferation, in flies lacking Mesh. The present findings suggest that SJs play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis through regulation of stem cell proliferation and enterocyte behavior in the Drosophila adult midgut.Summary statementDepletion of smooth septate junction-associated proteins from enterocytes in the Drosophila adult midgut results in intestinal hypertrophy accompanied by accumulation of morphologically aberrant enterocytes and increased stem cell proliferation.

Recent Advances in Understanding the effects of Obesity on Stem Cell Proliferation and the Development of Colon Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bridgette King ◽  
◽  
Chaodong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Recent Advances
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