Dynamic changes in viscoelastic properties in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated killing

1988 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Sung ◽  
L.A. Sung ◽  
M. Crimmins ◽  
S.J. Burakoff ◽  
S. Chien
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Lymphocyte Clone ◽  
Membrane Cell

The biophysical properties of cytotoxic T lymphocytes during the killing of their target cells was investigated by using a human cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone, F1, and the target cell, JY, for which it is specific. In single cytotoxic cell/target cell pairs after their conjugation there are changes in the viscoelastic properties of the target cell in association with the lethal hit delivery and post-binding cytolytic steps. On the basis of these changes in the target cell, the complex cytolytic event can be divided into stages: the viscoelastic coefficients exhibited an initial increase followed by a return to resting values; thereafter these coefficients decreased below control and then rose again prior to lysis. The eventual killing of the target cell involves bubbling and swelling of the nucleus, clustering of granules, damage to the cytoplasmic membrane, cell swelling, and lysis. The viscoelastic changes involved in target cell death suggest the loss of integrity of its cytoskeletal apparatus.

Immunoregulatory role in gamma interferon production by a T cell growth factor-dependent experimental malignant glioma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Yamasaki ◽  
Hajime Handa ◽  
Junkoh Yamashita ◽  
Yoshihiko Watanabe ◽  
Masaaki Taguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lymphocyte Clone ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
T Cell Growth Factor

✓ The authors have established a murine malignant glioma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone (G-CTLL 1) by T cell growth factor (TCGF) using 203-glioma (a methylcholanthrene-induced ependymoblastoma of C57BL/6 mouse origin). The cloned cells were found to release a large amount of gamma interferon (IFN) in response to glioma-associated antigen-specific stimulation. The authors have investigated whether the IFN produced can contribute to killing the target cells. Adding anti-mouse gamma IFN antibody to the mixed clone-target cell culture inhibited IFN production by the cloned cells but the toxicity of the cells was minimally diminished. Therefore, it is suggested that the endogenous gamma IFN produced by the TCGF-dependent cloned cytotoxic T lymphocyte line does not have direct cytotoxic action on the target cells. Furthermore, IFN production as well as cytotoxicity was blocked by anti-Lyt-2 monoclonal antibody in the absence of complement. This suggests that IFN plays a role in the process of antigen recognition of target cells because the Lyt-2 molecule is involved in an antigen-specific function on the cytotoxic T lymphocyte receptor. The role of TCGF in gamma IFN production was also investigated. The spontaneous production of gamma IFN by the cloned cells paralleled the amounts of exogenous TCGF added to the cultures, but TCGF had no synergistic effect on IFN production in the presence of mitogen or tumor antigen. Accordingly, it is possible that TCGF stimulates the cloned cells to proliferate, causing IFN release.

scholarly journals Resistance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to the lytic effects of their toxic granules.

1987 ◽  
Vol 166 (5) ◽  
pp. 1536-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
C R Verret ◽  
A A Firmenich ◽  
D M Kranz ◽  
H N Eisen
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Resistant Cells

A cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) characteristically kills target cells one after the other by releasing toxic granules that contain one or more cytolytic components. To determine how CTLs avoid destroying themselves when they release granules and lyse target cells, 7 murine CD8+ CTL cell lines were compared with 19 other cell lines for susceptibility to lysis by the isolated toxic granules. Murine CD8+ CTLs were clearly the most resistant cells: granules did not lyse them even after they were exposed to azide, cyanide, and 2-deoxyglucose, conditions that were found to enhance the susceptibility of all the other cells tested, including other T cells. Thus, resistance of CD8+ CTLs to cytotoxic granules appears to be independent of cellular ATP. To reconcile these findings with other observations that, under some circumstances, CTLs can be lysed by other CTLs, we suggest a model in which a CTL releases only a limited proportion of its toxic granules at each antigen-specific encounter with a target cell; the amount released is sufficient to kill most target cells but to leave the CTL undamaged and with enough granules to attack other target cells.

scholarly journals Monoclonal anti-Lyt-2.2 antibody blocks lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of H-2-negative target cells.

1984 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Hünig
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Specific Lysis ◽  
Bearing Structure ◽  
Negative Target

The hypothesis that blocking of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytolysis with anti-Lyt-2 antibodies acts at the level of inhibiting the interaction of the Lyt-2-bearing structure with H-2 class I molecules was tested. In agreement with the findings of others, purified anti-Lyt-2.2 inhibited both antigen-specific lysis and lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC). LDCC of H-2-positive and H-2-negative target cells was similarly inhibited by this antibody. As expected, this effect was specific for CTL expressing the Lyt-2.2 allele, in contrast to blocking with a rat monoclonal antibody to the murine LFA-1 antigen. The implications of this finding for the function of the Lyt-2 antigen in CTL-target cell interaction are discussed.

scholarly journals Sendai virus-specific, H-2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses of nude mice grafted with allogeneic or semi-allogeneic thymus glands.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 1805-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Lake ◽  
M E Andrew ◽  
C W Pierce ◽  
T J Braciale
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Sendai Virus ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
Parental Haplotype ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses ◽  
Ctl Responses

The in vitro secondary cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to Sendai virus-treated stimulator cells by primed spleen cells from thymus gland-grafted nude mice was examined. BALB/c (H-2d) nude mice grafted with allogeneic C57BL/10 (H-2b) thymus glands developed CTL responses directed exclusively to Sendai virus-infected H-2d target cells. (C57BL/6 X BALB/c)F1 nude mice grafted with thymus glands of either parent developed CTL responses preferentially against infected target cells expressing the MHC antigens present in the parental thymus graft, but also had detectable activity for infected target cells of the parental haplotype not expressed in the thymus. These results provide evidence against the concept that self recognition by MHC-restricted CTL is directed exclusively by the MCH type of the thymus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document