Phosphatase Activity of Drosophila Salivary Glands

1948 ◽  
Vol s3-89 (8) ◽  
pp. 415-419
Author(s):  
W. L. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Staining Methods

The phosphatases in the cytoplasm and nuclei of Drosophila salivary glands are better preserved by fixation in absolute acetone than in 85 per cent, alcohol. In whole glands there is relatively little extraction of the enzyme during assay. Phosphatase activity is more resistant to incubation at neutrality than at pH 8.6, but in this material there is sufficient residual enzymatic activity to permit redetermination of alkaline, neutral, or acid phosphatase activity by staining methods after an initial quantitative determination. The state of the membranes of the gland affects the penetration of the substrate sufficiently to limit the activities obtained.

scholarly journals The effect of different copper doses and organic fertilisation on soil’s enzymatic activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Beata Kuziemska ◽  
Andrzej Wysokiński ◽  
Joanna Trębicka
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Organic Fertilisation

A three-year pot experiment carried out in the vegetation hall in 2014–2016 included studying the enzymatic activity of soil, into which various amounts of copper: (100, 200 and 300 mg Cu/kg soil) and organic materials (cattle manure, chicken manure, post-mushroom substrate) were introduced, used separately, at a soil-introduction dose of 2 g C<sub>org</sub>/kg. Copper and organic materials were used once, only in the first year of the study, before sowing test plant orchard grass. In soil collected after the last (fourth) swath of grass in each year of the study, the activity of urease, dehydrogenases, acid, and alkaline phosphatase was determined. Applications of copper to the soil, regardless of its dose, resulted in a decrease in urease, dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase and an increase in acid phosphatase activity. The inactivating effect of this metal on the activity of urease, dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase increased with the increase of its dose. Organic fertilisation generally increased the enzymatic activity of the analysed soil. In subsequent years of the study, urease and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased, while acid phosphatase activity increased. Dehydrogenase activity did not change significantly in subsequent years of the study.  

scholarly journals ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN INDIVIDUAL NEURONS DURING CHROMATOLYSIS: A QUANTITATIVE HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
HILDE E. HIRSCH ◽  
THEODORE OBENCHAIN
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Fluorogenic Substrates ◽  
Striking Increase ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Two fluorogenic substrates, α-naphthyl phosphate and 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate, were used to measure acid phosphatase activities in individual anterior horn neurons of the monkey spinal cord after section of the sciatic nerve. Although many studies utilizing staining methods have reported a striking increase in acid phosphatase activity during chromatolysis, no significant differences were observed here between the neurons of the operated and unoperated side, despite widespread chromatolysis. β-galactosidase activity was also unchanged, but the marked elevation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase during the reparative phase was confirmed.

Pituitary adrenal interactions in shorn sheep exposed to cold, wet conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Panaretto ◽  
KA Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Adrenocortical Insufficiency ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
Exposure Levels

Newly shorn sheep were exposed to a cold (3°C) wet environment for 8 days; six out of 10 untreated animals died but there were no deaths in a group of 10 that was treated with cortisone. In two other experiments, nine out of 15 control sheep died, but only four out of 15 sheep treated with adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). In a final experiment approximately one-third of exposed controls died compared with one-tenth of sheep treated with dexamethasone trimethylacetate. A significantly greater proportion (P < 0.05) of sheep given ACTH or 1.5 mg or more of dexamethasone trimethylacetate per kg had rectal temperatures higher than 37.8°C during the first 96 hr of exposure than the comparable controls. The adrenal glands of sheep that died in the cortisone and ACTH experiments were heavier than those taken from survivors that were killed after the experiment; macroscopically, the cortices of some of the adrenals from sheep that succumbed were haemorrhagic and resembled the glands seen in the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome in man; all were heavily infiltrated with lipid when compared with the cortices of survivors. ß-Glucuronidase activity in the serum of cortisone-treated sheep (and in untreated survivors) was elevated during the first 2–3 days of exposure and returned to pre-exposure levels; untreated sheep that succumbed showed continuously increasing enzymatic activity. Acid phosphatase activity was initially depressed in steroid-treated sheep and returned to pre-exposure levels, whereas activity increased continuously in controls that died. Total leucocytes were lower during the first 72 hr of exposure in sheep treated with 1.5–2 mg dexamethasone trimethylacetate per kg, compared with untreated controls. We suggest that the enlarged, fat-laden haemorrhagic adrenals found in sheep that died from cold exposure resulted from excessive ACTH stimulation prior to death. The results suggested a state of adrenocortical insufficiency during the first 96 hr of cold exposure.

scholarly journals PURIFICATION OF GLUTARALDEHYDE ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR PRESERVATION OF ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY

1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DARIUSH FAHIMI ◽  
PIERRE DROCHMANS ◽  
A. POPOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Liver Homogenates ◽  
Inorganic Phosphates

The inhibition of acid phosphatase activity in rat liver homogenates after fixation in different lots of commercial glutaraldehyde is determined and compared with the inhibition following fixation with a distilled product. It is shown that commercial glutaraldehydes inhibit more of the enzyme activity than the distilled product. The acidic products of oxidation of glutaraldehyde do not increase the inhibition of the enzymatic activity. The presence of high concentration of inorganic phosphates in different lots of commercial glutaraldehyde, as presented here, suggests that probably such impurities may be responsible for increased inhibition of phosphatase activity noted after fixation in commercial glutaraldehydes.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY WITH DEGREE OF BACTERIAL INFECTION IN HELA CELLS

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELEN ROLAND JERVIS ◽  
EUGENE H. LABREC
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Shigella Flexneri 2A ◽  
And Control

Acid phosphatase activity has been demonstrated in HeLa cells grown in monolayers on coverslips, using the histochemical method of Barka and Anderson. In normal interphase cells variable enzymatic activity may always be demonstrated in a juxtanuclear position. When the culture medium is inoculated with a virulent strain of Shigella flexneri 2a, a certain number of cells in invaded by the organisms. In the presence of one organism, the acid phosphatase activity of the infected cell appears to increase, but as more organisms are found in individual cells, the intensity of the cells enzymatic reaction decreases. Biochemical assays on whole cell monolayers to quantitate this decrease have failed to show a significant change in enzymatic activity between infected and control cultures, possibly due to the high percentage of cells in any culture that were not infected or infected only slightly.

scholarly journals Evidence for the autophagy of microinjected proteins in HeLA cells.

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
D W Stacey ◽  
V G Allfrey
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Antibody Staining ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
High Degree

Rhodamine-conjugated proteins were microinjected into living HeLa cells. Fluorescence microscopy was then employed to study their segregation from the cytoplasm into lysosomes. Results obtained in this way were verified when the corresponding unconjugated proteins were localized by autoradiographic, histological, and antibody-staining methods after their microinjection. Most injected proteins were segregated into cytoplasmic granular structures during their removal from cells. As evidence that these were autophagic vacuoles, they were found to contain no detectable acid phosphatase activity upon formation, after which they moved to the juxtanuclear position of lysosomes and appeared to fuse with them. The segregation of microinjected proteins exhibited a high degree of selectivity. The half-times of placement of individual exogenous proteins into cytoplasmic granules varied from 3 h to nearly 3 days, and one protein, hemoglobin, was never observed to enter them. Furthermore, endogenous HeLa proteins in a size fraction near 200,000 daltons were segregated much more rapidly than those in a fraction near 40,000 daltons. In these studies, rapid protein segregation appeared to take place by a mechanism of exclusion of the injected protein from numerous cytoplasmic domains.

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