scholarly journals The Development of Motor Responses in the Stomach of the Foetal Sheep

1951 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
D. L. DUNCAN ◽  
A. T. PHILLIPSON
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Sustained Activity ◽  
Stimulation Of

The state of motor activity of the stomach was studied in a series of foetal sheep. The non-functional period was found to end between the 50th and 60th days of gestation. Sustained activity was preceded by short periods of myogenic and neuromotor activity, and was not in evidence until the 70th day. Foetal swallowing commenced soon after this, but the pattern of suckling behaviour developed gradually over an extended period. The motor mechanisms mediated by the vagus were studied by section and electrical stimulation of the nerve.

Motor reflexes of stomach elicited by phenyldiguanide in the rat

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Vagal Afferents ◽  
Intragastric Pressure ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Efferent System ◽  
Efferent Pathway ◽  
Cervical Vagotomy ◽  
Stimulation Of

Intragastric pressure (IGP) as an index of gastric motor activity was used to investigate gastric motor responses elicited by phenyldiguanide (PDG) in rats under pentobarbitone anaesthesia. Phenyldiguanide injected into the atrium produced an inhibitory gastric motor response whereas an aortic injection resulted in an increase in IGP. Intracarotid injections were without effect. Atropine reduced the response to atrial PDG but not to aortic PDG. Cervical vagotomy abolished the response to both atrial and aortic PDG. Guanethidine and spinal transection abolished the response to atrial PDG only. It is concluded that PDG acts by stimulation of nonmedullated vagal afferents. The efferent pathway for PDG-evoked gastric relaxation is through sympathetic nerves and the efferent system for gastric contraction involves a noncholinergic, nonadrenergic excitatory mechanism.

Motor responses elicited by local electrical stimulation of the distal colon in the anaesthetized rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-G. NIKLASSON ◽  
B. I. GUSTAFSSON ◽  
S. NORDGREN ◽  
S. FASTH ◽  
L. HULTÉN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Anaesthetized Rat ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Observations on Pigmentary Co-ordination in Elasmobranchs

1936 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-466
Author(s):  
URSULA WYKES
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
The State ◽  
Posterior Region ◽  
Dorsal Aorta ◽  
Secondary Effect ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Section of the spinal nerves to the pectoral fins in Raia brachyura, R. maculata and Scyllium canicula had no effect on the state of the chromatophores in the black adapted fish, nor did it prevent the development of uniform pallor on a white ground. 2. Electrical stimulation of (a) spinal nerves to the pectoral fins, (b) the haemal canal, (c) the skin, in Raia brachyura, Rhina squatina and Scyllium catulus did not result in any chromatophore changes. 3. Excised skin of Raia brachyura, R. maculata, Rhina squatina and Scyllium canicula placed in adrenaline chloride solution showed little or no change in melanophore index during one hour and could not be differentiated from control pieces placed in elasmobranch Ringer. 4. The injection of adrenaline chloride caused a slight paling in Raia brachyura and Rhina squatina. This may be a secondary effect due to the vaso-constrictor action of this hormone. 5. White adapted specimens of Raia brachyura, which were placed on a black ground after ligature of the dorsal aorta, became dark anterior to the point of ligature within 3 hours. The posterior region was still completely pale at this time and did not become fully dark for 24 hours.

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