Studies on the Mechanism of Chloride Absorption by the Goldfish Gill: Relation With Acid-Base Regulation

1. Pretreatment of Carassius auratus in artificial media (de-ionized water, sodium sulphate or choline chloride solutions), resulted in simultaneous loss of internal Na and Cl, variations in the total CO2 and NH3 plasma content; blood pH shifts towards alkalosis in fish treated with sodium sulphate and towards acidosis in fish treated with de-ionized water or choline chloride. 2. Fish kept in de-ionized water and in sodium sulphate solution were compared with control (tap water) fish. Branchial chloride fluxes were studied as a function of external chloride concentration, the accompanying cation being impermeant (choline) or permeant (sodium). For chloride influx saturation kinetics prevails, the maximal rate of uptake being about 3 times faster in sodium sulphate than in fish kept in de ionized water, the apparent affinity of the uptake mechanisms (Km) remaining the same. 3. Substitution of choline by sodium increases the maximal rate of influx without changing the Km or efflux in all types of fish. 4. The quantity of base excreted is correlated to the quantity of Cl- absorbed confirming the Cl-/HCO3- exchange process. 5. The degree of linkage between Na and Cl absorption is discussed in relation to the maintenance of acid-base balance by the gill.

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The Effect of Tap Water, Carbonated Water, Sodium Bicarbonate, and Calcium Chloride on Blood Acid-Base Balance in Cockerels Subjected to Heat Stress

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.0640107 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 107-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

WALTER G. BOTTJE ◽

PAUL C. HARRISON

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Calcium Chloride ◽

Tap Water ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance ◽

Carbonated Water

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The effect of ambient chloride concentration changes on branchial chloride-bicarbonate exchanges and hemolymph acid-base balance of crayfish

Respiration Physiology ◽

10.1016/0034-5687(82)90040-8 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 375-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

P. Dejours ◽

J. Armand ◽

H. Beekenkamp

Keyword(s):

Chloride Concentration ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance ◽

Concentration Changes

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Higher Dietary Acidity is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Iranian Women, Independent of Dietary Calcium Intake

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000207 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 (3-4) ◽

pp. 0206-0217 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Seyedeh-Elaheh Shariati-Bafghi ◽

Elaheh Nosrat-Mirshekarlou ◽

Mohsen Karamati ◽

Bahram Rashidkhani

Keyword(s):

Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Iranian Women ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance ◽

Dietary Acid

Findings of studies on the link between dietary acid-base balance and bone mass are relatively mixed. We examined the association between dietary acid-base balance and bone mineral density (BMD) in a sample of Iranian women, hypothesizing that a higher dietary acidity would be inversely associated with BMD, even when dietary calcium intake is adequate. In this cross-sectional study, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs of 151 postmenopausal women aged 50 - 85 years were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Renal net acid excretion (RNAE), an estimate of acid-base balance, was then calculated indirectly from the diet using the formulae of Remer (based on dietary intakes of protein, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium; RNAERemer) and Frassetto (based on dietary intakes of protein and potassium; RNAEFrassetto), and was energy adjusted by the residual method. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable adjusted means of the lumbar spine BMD of women in the highest tertiles of RNAERemer and RNAEFrassetto were significantly lower than those in the lowest tertiles (for RNAERemer: mean difference -0.084 g/cm2; P=0.007 and for RNAEFrassetto: mean difference - 0.088 g/cm2; P=0.004). Similar results were observed in a subgroup analysis of subjects with dietary calcium intake of >800 mg/day. In conclusion, a higher RNAE (i. e. more dietary acidity), which is associated with greater intake of acid-generating foods and lower intake of alkali-generating foods, may be involved in deteriorating the bone health of postmenopausal Iranian women, even in the context of adequate dietary calcium intake.

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