Moderate and Higher Protein Intakes Promote Superior Body Recomposition in Older Women Performing Resistance Training

AbstractAerobic exercise training has been shown to attenuate cognitive decline and reduce brain atrophy with advancing age. The extent to which resistance exercise training improves cognition and prevents brain atrophy is less known, and few studies include long-term follow-up cognitive and neuroimaging assessments. We report data from a randomized controlled trial of 155 older women, who engaged in 52 weeks of resistance training (either once- or twice-weekly) or balance-and-toning (twice-weekly). Executive functioning and memory were assessed at baseline, 1-year follow-up (i.e., immediately post-intervention), and 2-year follow-up. A subset underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at those time points. At 2-year follow-up, both frequencies of resistance training promoted executive function compared to balance-and-toning (standardized difference [d]=.31–.48). Additionally, twice-weekly resistance training promoted memory (d=.45), reduced cortical white matter atrophy (d=.45), and increased peak muscle power (d=.27) at 2-year follow-up relative to balance-and-toning. These effects were independent of one another. These findings suggest resistance training may have a long-term impact on cognition and white matter volume in older women. (JINS, 2015,21, 745–756)

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Resistance Training Alone or Combined With N-3 PUFA-Rich Diet in Older Women: Effects on Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/gly130 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 489-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Emelie Strandberg ◽

Elodie Ponsot ◽

Karin Piehl-Aulin ◽

Gunnar Falk ◽

Fawzi Kadi

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Older Women ◽

Muscle Fiber

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Effects of Resistance Training with Different Pyramid Systems on Bioimpedance Vector Patterns, Body Composition, and Cellular Health in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12166658 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 6658 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leandro dos Santos ◽

Alex S. Ribeiro ◽

Luís A. Gobbo ◽

João Pedro Nunes ◽

Paolo M. Cunha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Older Women ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Whole Body ◽

Bioimpedance Spectroscopy ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Health Related ◽

Impedance Vector ◽

Effects Of Aging

Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) have been widely used to monitor changes in health-related parameters in older adults, while resistance training (RT) is one of the potential strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of aging. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the crescent pyramid RT system with two repetition zones on BIVA patterns and PhA. Fifty-five older women (≥60 years) were randomly assigned into three groups: control (CON, n = 18), narrow pyramid (NPR, n = 19), and wide pyramid (WPR, n = 18). The RT was performed for eight weeks, three times per week, in eight exercises for the whole body with three sets of 12/10/8 (NPR) or 15/10/5 repetitions (WPR). Bioimpedance spectroscopy (50 kHz frequency) was assessed. After the intervention period, both training groups showed significant changes in BIVA patterns compared to CON (p < 0.001); resistance decreased and reactance increased, which resulted in a BIVA-vector displacement over time (p < 0.001). Changes in PhA were greater for WPR (∆% = 10.6; effect size [ES] = 0.64) compared to NPR (∆% = 5.3; ES = 0.41) and CON (∆% = −6.4; ES = −0.40). The results suggest that the crescent pyramid RT system with both repetition zones (WPR and NPR) is effective for inducing improvements in BIVA patterns and PhA in older women, although WPR elicits greater increases in PhA than NPR.

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