scholarly journals Intergenerational Transfers and the Accumulation of Wealth

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G Gale ◽  
John Karl Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intergenerational Transfers ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Household Data ◽  
The U.S

This paper uses household data to provide direct estimates of intergenerational transfers as a source of wealth. The authors distinguish between intended transfers (for example, gifts to other households) and possibly unintended transfers (bequests) and estimate that intended transfers account for at least 20 percent of net worth. Thus, a significant portion of the U.S. wealth cannot be explained by the life-cycle model, even when the model is augmented to allow for bequests. Estimated bequests can account for an additional 31 percent of net worth. The authors also show that transfers among living people are about half as large as bequests.

scholarly journals Liquidity Constraints in the U.S. Housing Market

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Boar ◽  
Denis Gorea ◽  
Virgiliu Midrigan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Liquidity Constraints ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Home Equity ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
The U.S

Abstract We study the severity of liquidity constraints in the U.S. housing market using a life-cycle model with uninsurable idiosyncratic risks in which houses are illiquid, but agents can extract home equity by refinancing their mortgages. The model implies that four-fifths of homeowners are liquidity constrained and willing to pay an average of 13 cents to extract an additional dollar of liquidity from their home. Most homeowners value liquidity for precautionary reasons, anticipating the possibility of income declines and the need to make mortgage payments. The model reproduces well the observed response of consumption to tax rebates and mortgage relief programs and predicts large welfare gains from policies aimed at providing temporary liquidity relief to homeowners.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Transfers and Savings

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence J Kotlikoff
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Intergenerational Transfers ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Precautionary Savings ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Annuity Markets

What is the main explanation for savings? Is it primarily accumulation for retirement as claimed by Albert Ando, Richard Brumberg, and Franco Modigliani in their celebrated Life Cycle Model of Savings? Is it primarily intentional accumulation for intergenerational transfers? Or is it primarily precautionary savings, much of which may be bequeathed because of imperfections in annuity markets? The answer to the savings puzzle has many policy implications and is key to understanding the distribution of wealth. A major piece of the puzzle is the quantitative importance of intergenerational transfers to the accumulation of wealth. As I will argue there is strong evidence that intergenerational transfers play a very important and perhaps dominant role in U.S. wealth accumulation. This does not mean, however, that intentional saving for gifts and bequests is the main motive for savings. Significant intergenerational transfers could also arise in the Life Cycle Model in the absence of well-functioning private annuity markets or close substitutes for such markets. In such a setting, bequests would be involuntary and potentially quite sizeable. Let us first look at the evidence on the importance of intergenerational transfers and then turn to the deeper question of why such transfers arise.

Company life cycle model: The influence of interior and exterior factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Malafeyev ◽  
Irina Zaitseva ◽  
Sergey Sychev ◽  
Gennady Badin ◽  
Ilya Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model

A Life-Cycle Model for Career Teachers

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty E. Steffy ◽  
Michael P. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Career Teachers
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