scholarly journals External Radiation in Dolon Village Due to Local Fallout from the First USSR Atomic Bomb Test in 1949

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (SupplementA) ◽  
pp. A121-A127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuji IMANAKA ◽  
Satoshi FUKUTANI ◽  
Masayoshi YAMAMOTO ◽  
Aya SAKAGUCHI ◽  
Masaharu HOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
External Radiation ◽  
Bomb Test

scholarly journals Accelerator-Measured 14C Activity in Tree Rings From the Vicinity of the First Atomic Bomb Test

Radiocarbon ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 762-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
S W Leavitt ◽  
Austin Long
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Neutron Flux ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Pinus Edulis ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Bomb Test ◽  
White Sands ◽  
The Trinity

Detonation of the first fission bomb at White Sands, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945, produced a tremendous neutron flux capable of creating tritium and radiocarbon byproducts. We sampled a 115-year-old pinyon (Pinus edulis) 10km east of the Trinity test site to determine 14C evidence of this event. The most likely mechanism for this enrichment in the 1945 tree ring would be fixation of 14CO2 produced at the blast site and carried with the fallout cloud over the pinyon site. Analysis of cellulose of the 1944 and 1945 rings shows δ13C values of −19.9 and −19.5, respectively, and 14C activity (fraction of modern uncorrected for δ13C) as 0.991 ± .005 and 0.991 ± .006, respectively. It is likely that the duration and/or concentration of the 14CO2 exposure was not sufficient to increase 14C activity expected for that year.

scholarly journals Accounting for Unfissioned Plutonium from the Trinity Atomic Bomb Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold L. Beck ◽  
Steven L. Simon ◽  
André Bouville ◽  
Anna Romanyukha
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Bomb Test ◽  
The Trinity

The Shock of the “New World”

Super Bomb ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 18-39
Author(s):  
Ken Young ◽  
Warner R. Schilling
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Fissionable Material ◽  
Nuclear Threat ◽  
Atomic Weapons ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bomb Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

This chapter is an account of the impact on U.S. thinking and policy of the first Soviet atomic bomb test. It ended the U.S. monopoly of atomic weapons—a development that some had foreseen and others had discounted as a possibility. An atomic Russia triggered fears of a “bolt from the blue” assault on U.S. cities. One reaction was to seek to prioritize U.S. air defenses. Another was to confirm the program agreed to that summer to accelerate the production of fissionable material for atomic bombs. The surge of anxiety also brought hitherto obscure speculations about thermonuclear physics into the public domain. It seemed apparent to some that the Soviet nuclear threat should be countered not by a multiplication of atomic bombs but by an American “superbomb.”

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Thyroid Cancers: Overview of Molecular Signatures

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Suzuki ◽  
Vladimir Saenko ◽  
Shunichi Yamashita ◽  
Norisato Mitsutake
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Molecular Signatures ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
External Radiation ◽  
Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Radiation Induced

Enormous amounts of childhood thyroid cancers, mostly childhood papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident have revealed a mutual relationship between the radiation exposure and thyroid cancer development. While the internal exposure to radioactive 131I is involved in the childhood thyroid cancers after the Chernobyl accident, people exposed to the external radiation, such as atomic-bomb (A-bomb) survivors, and the patients who received radiation therapy, have also been epidemiologically demonstrated to develop thyroid cancers. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of radiation-induced carcinogenesis, studies have aimed at defining the molecular changes associated with the thyroid cancer development. Here, we overview the literatures towards the identification of oncogenic alterations, particularly gene rearrangements, and discuss the existence of radiation signatures associated with radiation-induced thyroid cancers.

scholarly journals Accidental synthesis of a previously unknown quasicrystal in the first atomic bomb test

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (22) ◽  
pp. e2101350118
Author(s):  
Luca Bindi ◽  
William Kolb ◽  
G. Nelson Eby ◽  
Paul D. Asimow ◽  
Terry C. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Icosahedral Quasicrystal ◽  
Glassy Material ◽  
Nuclear Bomb ◽  
Experimental Shock ◽  
Bomb Test ◽  
Distinctive Property ◽  
Unknown Composition ◽  
The Trinity

The first test explosion of a nuclear bomb, the Trinity test of 16 July 1945, resulted in the fusion of surrounding sand, the test tower, and copper transmission lines into a glassy material known as “trinitite.” Here, we report the discovery, in a sample of red trinitite, of a hitherto unknown composition of icosahedral quasicrystal, Si61Cu30Ca7Fe2. It represents the oldest extant anthropogenic quasicrystal currently known, with the distinctive property that its precise time of creation is indelibly etched in history. Like the naturally formed quasicrystals found in the Khatyrka meteorite and experimental shock syntheses of quasicrystals, the anthropogenic quasicrystals in red trinitite demonstrate that transient extreme pressure–temperature conditions are suitable for the synthesis of quasicrystals and for the discovery of new quasicrystal-forming systems.

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