Macular Electroretinography and Methods of Retina Visualization in Diagnostics of Standard Stargardt Disease, Verified by Molecular Genetic Methods

10.12737/2827 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Стрельников ◽  
V. Strelnikov ◽  
Рогова ◽  
S. Rogova ◽  
Егорова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Outer Nuclear Layer ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Transverse Defect

The aim of the study was to assess the data concerning the modern methods of retina visualization (optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence) and its interrelation with the data concerning the modern elec-troretinographic methods for research of Stargardt desease, verified with the help of molecular genetic methods. It was found that the shift of macular electroretinogramm to the red stimulus correlates with the parameters of optic coherent tomography: inverse high correlation between the "transverse defect" and a-wave amplitude of macular electroretinogramm (r=-0,83, p<0,01), thus indicating interconnection between lowering of photoreceptor function and structural changes of junction between outer and inner photoreceptor segments. Correlation between the "transverse defect" and b-wave amplitude of macular electroretinogramm (r=-0,37, p<0,01) proves the existence of interrelation between electrogenesis of middle retina layers (bipolar cells) in fovea and biometrical markers of structural changes in photoreceptors caused by Stargardt desease. The hallmarks of Stargardt desease, revealed by the optical coherence tomography, are the hyperreflective spots, localized in retinal pigment epithelium and reaching the outer nuclear layer, together with the damaged interface line of the outer and inner photoreceptors segments. Autofluoresence caused by Stargardt desease demonstrates combination of hypofluorescence in fovea with hypofluorescence in the posterior pole. For the first time the following etiologic mutations of ABCA4 gene, associated with Stargardt desease were revealed in Russian population: rsl800553 (Glyl961Glu), rs61752418 (Aspl093Gly), rs61751374 (Alal038Val), rs201471607 (Asn965Ser), rsl801581 (Arg943Gln), rs75197161 (Gly863Ala delG863), rs76157638 (Arg653Cys) и rs61751392 (Leu541Pro) ABCA4.

scholarly journals Optical coherence tomography in assessment chorioretinal blood flow in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
S. I. Zhukova ◽  
A. N. Zlobina ◽  
T. N. Iureva ◽  
A. A. Shchuko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Neurosensory Retinal Detachment

Introduction and purpose. Central serous chorioretinopathy - a disease that manifests itself serous detachment of the neurosensory retina and / or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Chronic course of pathological process may be complicated by the development of subretinal neovascularization, and is accompanied by a decrease in visual functions. Despite the large number of studies, there are no pathogenetically oriented and effective methods of treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy today, because there is no consensus on the causes of its origin. To evaluate the accuracy of the information content of chorioretinal blood flow changes in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy, to compare the degree of changes of RPE and hemodynamic disorders in different forms of the disease. Materials and Methods. The study involved 26 patients with central serous chorioretinopathy aged 35 to 54 years. To assess chorioretinal blood flow the optical coherence tomography (OCT) in retinal angiography mode was included in the volume of diagnostic examination. Results. It was demonstrated that the choroidal vessels and RPE are an original target in the realization of the pathological process in central serous chorioretinopathy. The changes in the pigment epithelium and the neurosensory retinal detachment, whose height ranged from 53.4 to 513.0 m (238.3 ± 80.4 - in acute and - 215.5 ± 129.9 - in chronic diseases) were revealed in all patients. In 45 % of cases of acute and 67 % in patients with a chronic form of disease the neurosensory retinal detachment combined with RPE detachment, preventing recovery of macular interface on a background of medical actions. Prolonged existence of ischemia and RPE detachment is accompanied by severe progressive degenerative changes in the retina as a whole, causing resistance to treatment. Conclusions. OCT in angiography mode in the diagnosis of various forms of chorioretinal central serous chorioretinopathy allows visualizing blood flow, evaluating the extent and nature of the structural changes of the retina taking into account hemodynamic disorders. The revealed changes of RPE and choroid, as classification and prognostic criteria of the disease, determine the effectiveness of treatment measures and prognosis of disease.

scholarly journals Acute Retinal Pigment Epitheliitis: Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography, Fluorescein Angiography, and Autofluorescence Findings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Aydoğan ◽  
Esra Güney ◽  
Betül İlkay Sezgin Akçay ◽  
Tahir Kansu Bozkurt ◽  
Cihan Ünlü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Outer Nuclear Layer ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Spectral Domain ◽  
Fundus Examination ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Sd Oct

A 17-year-old presented with central and paracentral scotomas in his right eye for one week. There was no remarkable medical or ocular history. Blood analyses were within normal range. At presentation both eyes’ best-corrected visual acuities were 20/20. Slit-lamp examination result was normal. Fundus examination revealed yellow-white hypopigmented areas in the macula. Fluorescein angiography (FA) showed hypofluorescence surrounded by ring of hyperfluorescence. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) was slightly increased. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) showed disruption of IS/OS junction with expansion of abnormal hyperreflectivity from retinal pigment epithelium to the outer nuclear layer (ONL). One month later fundus examination showed disappearance of the lesions. FA revealed transmission hyperfluorescence. FAF showed increased autofluorescence and pigment clumping. Hyperreflective band in SD-OCT disappeared. Loss of photoreceptor segment layers was observed in some of the macular lesions. The diagnosis of acute retinal pigment epitheliitis can be challenging after disappearance of fundus findings. FA, FAF, and SD-OCT are important tests for diagnosis after resolution of the disease.

scholarly journals Topographic correlation between multifocal electroretinography, microperimetry, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula in patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubbia Afridi ◽  
Aniruddha Agarwal ◽  
Nam V. Nguyen ◽  
Muhammad Hassan ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sadiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Spectral Domain ◽  
Implicit Time ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Sd Oct

Abstract Purpose To correlate the findings of retinal function with multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), microperimetry (MP), and structural assessments with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in topographically corresponding areas of the macula of patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR). Methods Patients diagnosed with BSCR by clinical and imaging findings were included in the study. The mfERG was performed using 61 hexagon stimulus patterns grouped into 5 rings (Diagnosys Inc., USA). Individual responses [N1-P1 amplitudes in nanovolt (NV)/degree2 and P1 implicit time in milliseconds (msec)] for each hexagon in the central 3 rings (R1, 0°–2.3°; R2,2.3°–7.7°; and R3, 7.7°–12°) were obtained (19 hexagons). MP examination consisted of Polar 3–12° test with 28 points in 3 concentric rings with diameters of approximately 2.3°, 6.6°, and 11.1° from the foveal center. SD-OCT was performed using macular scans of 20° × 20°. The retinal sensitivity values on MP and thickness values of retinal layers were correlated with the responses on the mfERG for each topographically correlated hexagon. Results Sixteen eyes of eight patients were included in the study (mean age, 59.87 ± 10.01 years; range, 41–73 years). The amplitudes and the implicit times on mfERG and retinal sensitivities on MP were decreased for each of the 19 hexagons. Considering retinotopically matched points, there was correlation between the retinal sensitivities and mfERG implicit times and response amplitudes in all three rings. The thickness of the retinal pigment epithelium showed modest correlation with the mfERG parameters (ρ = 0.29; p = 0.04). The structural changes on SD-OCT, such as IS-OS disruption, were associated with changes in the mfERG trace arrays. Conclusions The structural and functional assessments in retinae of eyes with BSCR suggest that each imaging tool may be capturing unique aspects of retinal dysfunction. Multimodal imaging may allow detailed analyses of retinal damage at various corresponding loci. These findings are important when considering the use of these techniques in BSCR.

scholarly journals Monitoring New Long-Lasting Intravitreal Formulation for Glaucoma with Vitreous Images Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Maria Jesus Rodrigo ◽  
Amaya Pérez del Palomar ◽  
Alberto Montolío ◽  
Silvia Mendez-Martinez ◽  
Manuel Subias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Intravitreal injection is the gold standard therapeutic option for posterior segment pathologies, and long-lasting release is necessary to avoid reinjections. There is no effective intravitreal treatment for glaucoma or other optic neuropathies in daily practice, nor is there a non-invasive method to monitor drug levels in the vitreous. Here we show that a glaucoma treatment combining a hypotensive and neuroprotective intravitreal formulation (IF) of brimonidine–Laponite (BRI/LAP) can be monitored non-invasively using vitreoretinal interface imaging captured with optical coherence tomography (OCT) over 24 weeks of follow-up. Qualitative and quantitative characterisation was achieved by analysing the changes in vitreous (VIT) signal intensity, expressed as a ratio of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) intensity. Vitreous hyperreflective aggregates mixed in the vitreous and tended to settle on the retinal surface. Relative intensity and aggregate size progressively decreased over 24 weeks in treated rat eyes as the BRI/LAP IF degraded. VIT/RPE relative intensity and total aggregate area correlated with brimonidine levels measured in the eye. The OCT-derived VIT/RPE relative intensity may be a useful and objective marker for non-invasive monitoring of BRI/LAP IF.

scholarly journals Directional optical coherence tomography reveals melanin concentration-dependent scattering properties of retinal pigment epithelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (06) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratheesh K. Meleppat ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Myeong Jin Ju ◽  
Suman K. Manna ◽  
Yifan Jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Optical Coherence

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography: An Adjunctive Tool for Differentiating between Choroidal Melanoma and Metastasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicktoria Vishnevskia-Dai ◽  
Dinah Zur ◽  
Shiran Yaacobi ◽  
Iris Moroz ◽  
Hadas Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Choroidal Melanomas ◽  
Anterior Choroidal

Purpose.To investigate the value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for differentiation between choroidal melanoma and metastasis based on characteristics of the anterior choroidal surface and the chorioretinal interface.Methods.This retrospective observational case series included 29 patients with untreated choroidal melanomas and 21 patients with untreated choroidal metastases. Regularity and lobularity characteristics of the anterior choroidal surface were evaluated in a masked manner. Retinal and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) findings were documented as well.Results.OCT demonstrated a regular and smooth anterior choroidal surface in 89.7% of the eyes with melanoma and in 47.6% of the eyes with metastasis (p=0.002; sensitivity = 89.7%; specificity = 52.4%). The anterior choroidal contour was lobulated in 81.0% of the eyes with metastasis versus 17.2% of the eyes with melanoma (p<0.001; sensitivity = 82.8%; specificity = 81.0%). RPE thickness and neuroretinal characteristics (e.g., retinal thickness, the presence of cysts, and the presence of subretinal fluid) were similar in both choroidal tumors.Conclusion. OCT may serve as a noninvasive adjunctive tool for the differential diagnosis of choroidal tumors. Choroidal melanomas usually demonstrate regular surfaces on OCT, while choroidal metastases usually have an irregular and lobulated surface.

Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy; Findings, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy ◽  
Sign Type

Pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) is a novel clinical entity with typical pachychoroid features accompanied by type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Typical optical coherence tomography finding of the disease is flat irregular pigment epithelial detachments (double layer sign). Type 1 CNV between retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch membrane is seen as a tangled network on optical coherence tomography angiography. Differential diagnosis of PNV from neovascular age-related macular degeneration is especially important because of the different epidemiological, genetic, and therapeutic features of these diseases. Current treatment approaches include intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections and photodynamic therapy.

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