scholarly journals Laboratory and patient of kyiv city clinical emergency hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
O. B. Kryatchenko ◽  
V. P. Pechyborsch ◽  
V. M. Yakimets ◽  
S. I. Mazii ◽  
O. V. Pechyborsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Emergency

The aim of the work is to analyze the activities of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital (hereinafter – KCCEH) in comparison with the hospitals of Kyiv for 2017-2018 and determine the role of existing mechanisms to optimize the activities of this laboratory.The article uses the materials of statistical reports of KCCEH and treatment and prevention facilities of Kyiv for 2017-2018 using the method of systematic analysis of statistical materials, as well as systemic and structural-functional approaches.Analysis of the main performance indicators of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital shows that in 2018 compared to 2017 there is an increase of 2.9% in the absolute number of laboratory tests due to increased highly informative research and introduction of innovative technologies in diagnosis.In the context of reforming the health care system under the conditions of social and economic crisis and our country's hybrid war, the only most appropriate way to optimize the laboratory department of the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital and similar hospitals in Ukraine is the centralization of clinical laboratory research and laboratory services.

Organization of the work of the medical laboratory service in accordance with the requirements of the standard GOST ISO 15189–2015 «Medical laboratories. Particular requirements for quality and competence»

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Elena Vitalievna Perminova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Iso 15189 ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Medical Laboratories

Clinical laboratory diagnostics is a medical specialty, which is based on in vitro diagnostic studies of biomaterial obtained from an individual. At the present stage, there are three main types of organization of the laboratory research process — a laboratory service as part of a medical and preventive institution, a centralized laboratory where biomaterials are delivered for research from various healthcare institutions, as well as mobile laboratories that allow conducting the research directly at the patient’s bedside. This discipline involves the use of a wide variety of diagnostic research methods and the use of a huge number of specific techniques. Their list should include carrying out hematological, microbiological, virological, immunological, serological, parasitic, and biochemical studies. Also, when organizing laboratory diagnostic activities, a number of other studies (cytological, histological, toxicological, genetic, molecular biological, etc.) are provided. A laboratory report is formulated after obtaining clinical data and comparing them with the obtained test results. The quality of laboratory tests is ensured through the systematic implementation of internal laboratory control, as well as participation in a national program for external quality assessment. The activities of the clinical diagnostic laboratory should be organized in accordance with the requirements of the standard GOST R ISO 15189–2015 «Medical laboratories. Particular requirements for quality and competence», which is based on the provisions of two more fundamental standards — ISO 9001 and ISO 17025, and adds a number of special requirements related to medical laboratories.

scholarly journals Laboratory monitoring analysis and prospects for using its results in specialized clinical diagnostic laboratory

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
V. V. Bibikova ◽  
V. L. Emanuel
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Laboratory Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
The Everyday

This article presents a retrospective analysis of the laboratory monitoring orders from the specialized clinical laboratory. It has been established that large amounts of information about rare, poorly understood diseases and special types of pathology are accumulated during the everyday activity of specialized clinical laboratory. This research indicated that the share of laboratory monitoring, with 17 % of all orders, has a tendency to increase, which may be associated with the improvement of laboratory diagnostic methods. The possibility of laboratory monitoring results using in order to facilitate diagnostic process by the means of an optimal examination algorithm compiling, as well as to study regional pathology, is discussed. Besides, the prospects of using information on laboratory monitoring in improving the organization of specialized clinical laboratory’s activity are assessed.

Improved HPLC Determination of Plasma and Urine Oxalate in the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brega ◽  
A. Quadri ◽  
P. Villa ◽  
P. Prandini ◽  
Ji-Qing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hplc Determination ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Urine Oxalate

Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Phee ◽  
David Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Methods ◽  
Cost Of Materials

● To optimize antimicrobial therapy for the management of individual patient’s infection. ● For surveillance purposes, which in turn inform local/national/international clinical guidelines. ● For the management of infection control and prevention. Broadly speaking, resistance is detected by observing its phenotypic expression (activity of the candidate drug(s) against the target bacterium) or detecting the underlying genotypic determinant (resistance genes). Commonly used methods in clinical diagnostic laboratories generally fall under the ‘phenotypic’ category. These share similar traits— ease of use, reproducibility, scalability, quick turnaround of results and relative low cost of materials/reagents required. Moreover, decades of experience and fine-tuning have seen them established as methods of choice in most microbiology laboratories. Most phenotypic test methods are reliant on the use of clinical breakpoints set by national and international bodies (e.g. EUCAST and CLSI) to determine susceptibility/resistance. These guidelines are regularly subject to updates with input from leading experts and latest research findings. It is important for clinical diagnostic laboratories to adhere to best practice guidance set out by these bodies and keep up-to-date with the latest guidelines. Growth characteristics (on artificial media) of the bacterium of interest are extremely important in conventional phenotypic methods. As this presents a big obstacle for slow growers and ‘unculturable’ pathogens (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma spp.) it has led to the introduction of genotypic methods of resistance detection in the clinical diagnostic laboratory. meteoric rise in the world of microbiology. Compared with conventional phenotypic methods, molecular genotypic-based tests are better suited for automation and reduce dependence on skilled workers for result interpretation. They therefore deliver the rapid turnaround demanded by modern medicine. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) is a term used to describe a range of phenotypic methods that employ direct observation of the action of antimicrobials against a target microorganism. This is the most commonly used method in clinical diagnostic laboratories for detecting resistance in bacteria. A. Disc diffusion Growth medium: Standardized agar plates (usually unsupplemented, but addition(s) may be necessary for bacteria with specific growth requirements). Antibacterial component: Fixed dose in standard size circular paper discs or tablets.

scholarly journals Real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and its potential use in clinical diagnosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Bustin ◽  
Reinhold Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Pcr Assays

qRT-PCR (real-time reverse transcription-PCR) has become the benchmark for the detection and quantification of RNA targets and is being utilized increasingly in novel clinical diagnostic assays. Quantitative results obtained by this technology are not only more informative than qualitative data, but simplify assay standardization and quality management. qRT-PCR assays are most established for the detection of viral load and therapy monitoring, and the development of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)-associated coronavirus qRT-PCR assays provide a textbook example of the value of this technology for clinical diagnostics. The widespread use of qRT-PCR assays for diagnosis and the detection of disease-specific prognostic markers in leukaemia patients provide further examples of their usefulness. Their value for the detection of disease-associated mRNA expressed by circulating tumour cells in patients with solid malignancies is far less apparent, and the clinical significance of results obtained from such tests remains unclear. This is because of conceptual reservations as well as technical limitations that can interfere with the diagnostic specificity of qRT-PCR assays. Therefore, although it is evident that qRT-PCR assay has become a useful and important technology in the clinical diagnostic laboratory, it must be used appropriately and it is essential to be aware of its limitations if it is to fulfil its potential.

scholarly journals Validation of the biochemical method for determining the total cholesterol level in the samples of biological fluids as a base for providing the quality of dyslipidemia diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
S. V. Misiurova ◽  
N. O Svid ◽  
V. Ye Dobrova ◽  
I. A Otrishko ◽  
V. V. Propisnova
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Uncertainty Of Measurements ◽  
Biochemical Analyzer ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Automatic Biochemical Analyzer

The main principles of creating a quality system in modern laboratory diagnostics are: standardization of laboratory processes by developing standard operating procedures; general quality management of laboratory research based on the development and implementation of the requirements of international standards (according to ISO 15189: 2015 "Medical laboratories. Basic requirements for quality and competence"); quality control of all stages of the laboratory process through the implementation of the validation procedure. Aim. To develop a methodology for conducting validation procedures to assess the suitability of a biochemical method for determining the level of total cholesterol in biological fluids in the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the Clinical Diagnostic Center of the NUPh. Materials and methods. The object of the study was a standardized method for determining the concentration of total cholesterol. The method was validated using the “Cholesterol Reagent Set” test kit and the standard sample “Chemical control. Reagent kit. Level 1 ", manufactured by High Technology, Inc. (USA) with known concentration. The measurements were carried out on an Express Plus automatic biochemical analyzer manufactured by Bayer Corporation, Germany. When processing the research results, descriptive statistics were used and a number of statistical evaluations were carried out. Results. A protocol and a validation report were developed at the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the CDC NUPh to assess the suitability of the method for determining the concentration of cholesterol in biological fluids by the photometric enzymatic method on an automatic biochemical analyzer Express Plus (using reagents and control material manufactured by High Technology, Inc., USA). The validation characteristics of the method were determined: repeatability and reproducibility, correctness and uncertainty of measurements. Evaluation of the internal laboratory repeatability and reproducibility of this technique indicates the absence of gross errors in the operation of the instrument and statistically important differences in measurements. The assessment of the correctness of the method (carried out using the control material) proved that the systematic error is not significant (according to a given acceptance criterion). The expanded uncertainty calculation showed that the obtained values ​​of the total cholesterol level can be considered accurate and reliable. Conclusions. Validation of the method for determining total cholesterol in human blood by the photometric enzymatic method has proven that this method has performance characteristics that correspond to the regulated ones, meets the established criteria, and the parameters measured with it correspond to the proper ones. Key words: validation, determination method, total cholesterol, repeatability and reproducibility, correctness and uncertainty of measurements

Screening for pompe disease using a rapid dried blood spot method: Experience of a clinical diagnostic laboratory

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Goldstein ◽  
Sarah P. Young ◽  
Mohita Changela ◽  
Gwen H. Dickerson ◽  
Haoyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pompe Disease ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Blood Spot
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