scholarly journals AN APPRECIATION OF ELIZABETH BISHOP OF LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONG-QING YANG
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Elizabeth Bishop ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Roles ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

As the important works in American literature, those works of late twentieth century play a very important role. The works of female poet Elizabeth Bishop reflect dramatically contrasting attitudes toward the subject of poetry and its cultural roles. Bishop thinks that she is capable of acquiring unmediated access to the truth of history. Through her large number of works, we can sense her unique language features and impressed images.

Trey Ellis's Platitudes: Redefining Black Voices

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76
Author(s):  
Quan Manh Ha
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
American Literature ◽  
African American Literature ◽  
Black Experience ◽  
Racial Issues ◽  
Black Voices ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
One Year ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Trey Ellis has emerged as a prominent African American writer of the late-twentieth century, despite the small number of his published works. “The New Black Aesthetic,” an essay that he first published in CaUaloo in 1989, one year after the publication of his first novel, Platitudes, stands as a manifesto that defines and articulates his perspective on the emerging black literary voices and culture of the time, and on “the future of African American artistic expression” in the postmodern era.1 According to Eric Lott, Ellis's novel parodies the literary and cultural conflict between such male experimental writers as lshmael Reed and such female realist writers as Alice Walker.2 Thus, Ellis's primary purpose in writing Platitudes is to redefine how African Americans should be represented in fiction, implying that neither of the dominant approaches can completely articulate late-twentieth-century black experience when practiced in isolation. In its final passages, Platitudes represents a synthesis of the two literary modes or styles, and it embodies quite fully the diversity of black cultural identities at the end of the twentieth century as it extends African American literature beyond racial issues. In this way, the novel exemplifies the literary agenda that Ellis suggests in his theoretical essay.

scholarly journals FORMATION INNOVATIVE PARADIGM: RETROSPECTIVE AND PRESENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (127) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
N. Rylach
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Science Innovation ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Commercialization Of Science

In the current conditions of the world economy, an increasing emphasis on the in- novative direction of development, covering all sectors of the economy, a prerequisite for the development of post-industrial society. A prerequisite for this process is the modern scientific and technological revolution that provides productivity growth, accelerated development of science and education. Scientific and technical progress provides innovative process that is multi-path of development, implementation to the commercialization of science. Innovation activity means innovation and dissemination of scientific and technological progress to meet the changing needs of society. The result of this process is an innovation. Although innovative practice is thousands of years, the subject of special scientific study innovations were only in the XX century. In the evolution of forming a system of knowledge about the development of innovation theory, scientists [18] are the following important steps: the first third of the twentieth century – the formation of the fundamentals of the theory (the period of basic innovation in this area of scientific knowledge); the second third of the twentieth century – the development of basic and detail the innovative ideas of the previous period; since the mid-1970s – a new theoretical breakthrough associated with a wave of epochal and basic innovations in the period of post-industrial society of the late twentieth century – the use of systems analysis, the study of national innovation systems.

The ‘long’ late antiquity: a late twentieth-century model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Averil Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Century Model ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The last generation has seen an ‘explosion’ in the study of late antiquity. Whether people call it ‘the later Roman empire’ or ‘late antiquity’, the term now in much more common use in English. Handbooks are rapidly appearing to help their teachers meet this demand and they too express the current understanding of what is to be included. This chapter argues that a particular model for the study of this period has come to have a strong influence on students and scholars alike, and it asks how and why this is so, and what implications there are for the future study of the subject. Andrea Giardina has called this a particularly Anglo-centric phenomenon.

scholarly journals From Defoe to Coetzee’s Foe/Foe through Authorship

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
Andreia Irina Suciu ◽  
◽  
Mihaela Culea ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Daniel Defoe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Robinson Crusoe ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The article investigates the concept of authorship in the works of two authors separated by three centuries, namely, Daniel Defoe and J. M. Coetzee, both concerned, in different ways, with aspects regarding the origin and originators of literary works or with the act of artistic creation in general. After a brief literature review, the article focuses on Coetzee’s contemporary revisitation of the question of authorship and leaps back and forth in time from Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719) to Coetzee’s Foe (1986). The purpose is that of highlighting the multiple perspectives (and differences) regarding the subject of authorship, including such notions and aspects as: canonicity related to the act of writing and narrating, metafiction, self-reflexivity and intertextuality, silencing and voicing, doubling, bodily substance and the substance of a story, authenticity, (literary) representation and the truth, authoring, the author’s powers, the relation between author and character or between narrator and story, authorial self-consciousness, agency, or ambiguity. The findings presented in the article show that both works are seminal in their attempts to define and redefine the notion of authorship, one (Defoe) concerned with the first literary endeavours of establishing the roles of professional authorship in England, while the other (Coetzee), intervenes in existing literary discussions of the late twentieth century concerning the postmodern author and (the questioning of or liberation of the text from) his powers.

“It’s all by someone else!”

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Coffman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Long Poem ◽  
Sacred Text ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Twentieth Century American Literature ◽  
Changing Light ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Changing Light At Sandover

James Merrill’s The Changing Light at Sandover is the outstanding visionary long poem of late twentieth-century American literature. Despite its somewhat unusual mode of composition and the rather eccentric heavenly pantheon with which Merrill claims to have communicated, Sandover is presented as the transmission of an authentic prophetic message and the narrative of the manner in which that message was received. One of the more intriguing aspects of the text is its self-reflexive nature. A substantial amount of the poem’s dialogue and a number of narrative manipulations interrogate the technologies of the poem’s composition and the relation of Merrill’s medium and method to his task as the author of a sacred text in a skeptical age. These internal tests ultimately confirm his efforts by celebrating the most basic element of any author’s craft—language—as not only the medium for the message but also the mechanism of humankind’s redemption.

Form and Function in Italian Renaissance Popular Books

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Grendler
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Page Layout ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Size Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Form and Function are Closely connected in books. The physical appearance of books indicates purpose and intended readership. A combination of size, type, and page layout offers visible signals informing the reader of the content before he begins to read a book. Books that look different are different. They have different subject matters, purposes, and readerships.Anyone browsing in a bookstore in the late twentieth century knows this. Today an illustration on the cover provides the most obvious clue concerning the subject matter and purpose of a book. When the cover shows a handsome man with a scowl on his face and a gun in his hand along with a beautiful young woman in distress—and possibly some degree of undress—we know that the book is a “thriller.” When the cover shows a spaceship, we know that the book is science fiction.

scholarly journals Sez who? Critical Legal History Without A Privileged Position

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Henry Schlegel
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Critical Legal Studies ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Critical Awareness ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Historians affiliated with Critical Legal Studies (CLS) treated their critiques of law as complete when finished, as the last thing that could be said on the subject. Why this is so is quite unclear, especially given that they regularly cited late twentieth-century scholarship that offered reasons why all groundings for thought were debatable. By not critiquing their own set of assumptions as best as they could, CLS historians created the appearance that they believed they occupied a position outside of history and interest, this at the same time that they were objecting to the implicit adoption of such a position by others. CLS scholars thus lost the possibility of strengthening their own scholarship by failing to put their own grounding assumptions under pressure. A modest examination of CLS historical work on labour law suggests how a self-critical awareness might have strengthened even the strongest of such scholarship.

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