Heterosis and Combining Ability for Grain Yield and Yield Component Traits of Maize in Eastern Ethiopia

Combining ability analysis for grain yield and yield component traits in maize were carried out in 8×8 diallel cross. The analysis of variance showed there is highly significant variation between the genotypes for all the traits considered. Year of testing was significant only for days to maturity and grain yield per hectare. The highest percentage of heterosis for grain over the standard varieties (BH 660) was observed by the cross L1 x L4 (29.3%) followed by crosses L1 x L5 (28.3%), L3 x L5 (21.7%) and L1 x L7 (20.8%). Mid-parent heterosis for days to maturity ranged from -2.5 to -23.9%, whereas that of better parent heterosis ranged from 0 to -13% indicating that the hybrids tend to be earlier in maturity than the parents. The mean squares due to GCA for days to maturity, ear diameter, member of kernels per row, 1000 kernel weight and grain yield were significant, indicating the importance of additive genetic variance in controlling these traits. The mean squares due to SCA were also significant for days to maturity, ear length, member of kernels per row and 1000 kernel weight indicating the importance of non-additive genetic variance in controlling these traits. The inbred lines L1, L3, and L4 were good general combiners for grain yield.

Download Full-text

Heterosis and combining ability for grain yield and yield component traits of maize in Eastern Ethiopia

Science Technology and Arts Research Journal ◽

10.4314/star.v4i3.5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 32 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Habtamu Zeleke

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Yield Component ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Component Traits ◽

Yield Component Traits

Download Full-text

QTL mapping for grain yield and three yield components in a population derived from two high-yielding spring wheat cultivars

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-021-03806-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kyle Isham ◽

Rui Wang ◽

Weidong Zhao ◽

Justin Wheeler ◽

Natalie Klassen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Yield Components ◽

Heading Date ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Yield Component ◽

Six Traits ◽

Component Traits ◽

Yield Component Traits ◽

Spikelet Number Per Spike

Abstract Key message Four genomic regions on chromosomes 4A, 6A, 7B, and 7D were discovered, each with multiple tightly linked QTL (QTL clusters) associated with two to three yield components. The 7D QTL cluster was associated with grain yield, fertile spikelet number per spike, thousand kernel weight, and heading date. It was located in the flanking region of FT-D1, a homolog gene of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T, a major gene that regulates wheat flowering. Abstract Genetic manipulation of yield components is an important approach to increase grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The present study used a mapping population comprised of 181 doubled haploid lines derived from two high-yielding spring wheat cultivars, UI Platinum and LCS Star. The two cultivars and the derived population were assessed for six traits in eight field trials primarily in Idaho in the USA. The six traits were grain yield, fertile spikelet number per spike, productive tiller number per unit area, thousand kernel weight, heading date, and plant height. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis of the six traits was conducted using 14,236 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated from the wheat 90 K SNP and the exome and promoter capture arrays. Of the 19 QTL detected, 14 were clustered in four chromosomal regions on 4A, 6A, 7B and 7D. Each of the four QTL clusters was associated with multiple yield component traits, and these traits were often negatively correlated with one another. As a result, additional QTL dissection studies are needed to optimize trade-offs among yield component traits for specific production environments. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR markers for the four QTL clusters were developed and assessed in an elite spring wheat panel of 170 lines, and eight of the 14 QTL were validated. The two parents contain complementary alleles for the four QTL clusters, suggesting the possibility of improving grain yield via genetic recombination of yield component loci.

Download Full-text

COMBINING ABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND OTHER YIELD COMPONENT TRAITS USING HALF DIALLEL CROSSES OF MAIZE INBRED LINES

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology ◽

10.21608/jacb.2011.57283 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

pp. 317-329

Author(s):

R.S.H. Aly ◽

S.Th. M. Mousa

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Yield Component ◽

Diallel Crosses ◽

Maize Inbred Lines ◽

Component Traits ◽

Yield Component Traits ◽

Half Diallel

Download Full-text

Combining Ability for Sixteen Promising White Maize Inbred Lines for Grain Yield and Yield Component Traits

Egyptian Journal of Plant Breeding ◽

10.12816/0003996 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 143-160

Author(s):

R. S. H. Aly ◽

M. A. G. Khalil

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Yield Component ◽

Maize Inbred Lines ◽

Component Traits ◽

Yield Component Traits

Download Full-text

COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD OF SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID WHEATS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps74-037 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 235-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. J. BAKER ◽

P. L. DYCK

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Additive Genetic Variance ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Specific Combining Ability ◽

Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats ◽

Synthetic Hexaploid

Four hexaploid spring wheats (Triticum aestivum L.), which differ only in their D genomes, were crossed in all combinations. Heterosis was expressed in F1 and F2 for number of spikes, kernel weight, and seed yield. Failure to detect significant specific combining ability among F1 progeny suggests that only additive genetic variance is involved in the inheritance of these traits. Competition between single-spaced plants was detected.

Download Full-text

Determination of Relationship and Path Co-efficient between Pod Yield and Yield Component Traits of Groundnut Cultivars

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v14i2.10409 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

SB Thakur ◽

SK Ghimire ◽

NK Chaudhary ◽

SM Shrestha ◽

B Mishra

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Yield Component ◽

Days To Flowering ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Kernel Length ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

Component Traits ◽

Yield Component Traits ◽

Positive Direct ◽

Pod Length

Twenty - five groundnut genotypes, obtained from National Oilseed Research Program (NORP), Nawalpur, Nepal along with local checks (B -4, Baidehi, Rajshree and Jayanti) were used to study correlation and path co-efficient among pod yield and yield component traits in groundnut. The pod yield ha-1 showed highly significant and positive association with days to maturity, sound matured kernel (SMK)%, pod length, pod width and kernel length but the highly significant and negative association was shown with days to flowering, pod plant-1, shoots length, shelling % and specific leaf area. Partitioning the total yield contributions into individual and combined effect showed that days to maturity, root length, pod width, pod length and kernel length made individual high positive direct contribution to pod yield ha-1.Days to flowering, shoot length, shelling %, SMK% and100 kernel weights had direct negative contribution with pod yield ha-1. Therefore, days to maturity, root length, pod width, pod length and kernel length were identified to be the important traits which could be used in selection for yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10409 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 1-8

Download Full-text

Combining ability study in waterlogged tolerant maize (Zea mays L.)

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20430 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 283-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MN Amin ◽

M Amiruzzaman ◽

A Ahmed ◽

MR Ali

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Additive Genetic Variance ◽

Diallel Cross ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Hybrid Variety ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Ear Height ◽

Kernel Yield

Combining ability was studied for kernel yield and yield components in a 8×8 diallel cross of waterlogged tolerant maize. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were observed for all the characters studied. Additive genetic variance was preponderant in plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, and kernel weight and non-additive gene action was involved in days to silking, number of kernels per ear and kernel yield. The parental lines E-31 and E-79 were found to be the best general combiners for yield. The good combining parents for different traits could be used in hybridization to improve yield and other desirable traits as donor parents for the accumulation of favourable genes. The cross combinations, E 31× E 40, E 31× E 64, E 31× E 79, E 38× E 40, E 58× E 79, E 63× E 79, E 64 × E 79 showing significant and positive sca effects can be used for commercial hybrid variety development after verifying them at different locations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20430 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(2): 283-291, June 2014

Download Full-text

Genetic analysis of grain yield conditioned on its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar07163 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 189 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

G. F. Liu ◽

J. Yang ◽

H. M. Xu ◽

Y. Hayat ◽

J. Zhu

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Mapping Method ◽

Yield Component ◽

Doubled Haploid Population ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Component Traits ◽

Yield Component Traits

Grain yield (GY) of rice is a complex trait consisting of several yield components. It is of great importance to reveal the genetic relationships between GY and its yield components at the QTL (quantitative trait loci) level for multi-trait improvement in rice. In the present study, GY per plant in rice and its 3 yield component traits, panicle number per plant (PN), grain number per panicle (GN), and 1000-grain weight (GW), were investigated using a doubled-haploid population derived from a cross of an indica variety IR64 and a japonica variety Azucena. The phenotypic values collected from 2 cropping seasons were analysed by QTLNetwork 2.0 for mapping QTLs with additive (a) and/or additive × environment interaction (ae) effects. Furthermore, conditional QTL analysis was conducted to detect QTLs for GY independent of yield components. The results showed that the general genetic variation in GY was largely influenced by GN with the contribution ratio of 29.2%, and PN and GN contributed 10.5% and 74.6% of the genotype × environment interaction variation in GY, respectively. Four QTLs were detected with additive and/or additive × environment interaction effects for GY by the unconditional mapping method. However, for GY conditioned on PN, GN, and GW, 6 additional loci were identified by the conditional mapping method. All of the detected QTLs affecting GY were associated with at least one of the 3 yield components. The results revealed that QTL expressions of GY were contributed differently by 3 yield component traits, and provide valuable information for effectively improving GY in rice.

Download Full-text