scholarly journals Heterosis and combining ability for grain yield and yield component traits of maize in Eastern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Zeleke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

scholarly journals Heterosis and Combining Ability for Grain Yield and Yield Component Traits of Maize in Eastern Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Zeleke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yield Component Traits

Combining ability analysis for grain yield and yield component traits in maize were carried out in 8×8 diallel cross. The analysis of variance showed there is highly significant variation between the genotypes for all the traits considered. Year of testing was significant only for days to maturity and grain yield per hectare. The highest percentage of heterosis for grain over the standard varieties (BH 660) was observed by the cross L1 x L4 (29.3%) followed by crosses L1 x L5 (28.3%), L3 x L5 (21.7%) and L1 x L7 (20.8%). Mid-parent heterosis for days to maturity ranged from -2.5 to -23.9%, whereas that of better parent heterosis ranged from 0 to -13% indicating that the hybrids tend to be earlier in maturity than the parents. The mean squares due to GCA for days to maturity, ear diameter, member of kernels per row, 1000 kernel weight and grain yield were significant, indicating the importance of additive genetic variance in controlling these traits. The mean squares due to SCA were also significant for days to maturity, ear length, member of kernels per row and 1000 kernel weight indicating the importance of non-additive genetic variance in controlling these traits. The inbred lines L1, L3, and L4 were good general combiners for grain yield.

Genetic analysis of grain yield conditioned on its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Liu ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
H. M. Xu ◽  
Y. Hayat ◽  
J. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Doubled Haploid Population ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

Grain yield (GY) of rice is a complex trait consisting of several yield components. It is of great importance to reveal the genetic relationships between GY and its yield components at the QTL (quantitative trait loci) level for multi-trait improvement in rice. In the present study, GY per plant in rice and its 3 yield component traits, panicle number per plant (PN), grain number per panicle (GN), and 1000-grain weight (GW), were investigated using a doubled-haploid population derived from a cross of an indica variety IR64 and a japonica variety Azucena. The phenotypic values collected from 2 cropping seasons were analysed by QTLNetwork 2.0 for mapping QTLs with additive (a) and/or additive × environment interaction (ae) effects. Furthermore, conditional QTL analysis was conducted to detect QTLs for GY independent of yield components. The results showed that the general genetic variation in GY was largely influenced by GN with the contribution ratio of 29.2%, and PN and GN contributed 10.5% and 74.6% of the genotype × environment interaction variation in GY, respectively. Four QTLs were detected with additive and/or additive × environment interaction effects for GY by the unconditional mapping method. However, for GY conditioned on PN, GN, and GW, 6 additional loci were identified by the conditional mapping method. All of the detected QTLs affecting GY were associated with at least one of the 3 yield components. The results revealed that QTL expressions of GY were contributed differently by 3 yield component traits, and provide valuable information for effectively improving GY in rice.

scholarly journals QTL mapping for grain yield and three yield components in a population derived from two high-yielding spring wheat cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Isham ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Weidong Zhao ◽  
Justin Wheeler ◽  
Natalie Klassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Six Traits ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

Abstract Key message Four genomic regions on chromosomes 4A, 6A, 7B, and 7D were discovered, each with multiple tightly linked QTL (QTL clusters) associated with two to three yield components. The 7D QTL cluster was associated with grain yield, fertile spikelet number per spike, thousand kernel weight, and heading date. It was located in the flanking region of FT-D1, a homolog gene of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T, a major gene that regulates wheat flowering. Abstract Genetic manipulation of yield components is an important approach to increase grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The present study used a mapping population comprised of 181 doubled haploid lines derived from two high-yielding spring wheat cultivars, UI Platinum and LCS Star. The two cultivars and the derived population were assessed for six traits in eight field trials primarily in Idaho in the USA. The six traits were grain yield, fertile spikelet number per spike, productive tiller number per unit area, thousand kernel weight, heading date, and plant height. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis of the six traits was conducted using 14,236 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated from the wheat 90 K SNP and the exome and promoter capture arrays. Of the 19 QTL detected, 14 were clustered in four chromosomal regions on 4A, 6A, 7B and 7D. Each of the four QTL clusters was associated with multiple yield component traits, and these traits were often negatively correlated with one another. As a result, additional QTL dissection studies are needed to optimize trade-offs among yield component traits for specific production environments. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR markers for the four QTL clusters were developed and assessed in an elite spring wheat panel of 170 lines, and eight of the 14 QTL were validated. The two parents contain complementary alleles for the four QTL clusters, suggesting the possibility of improving grain yield via genetic recombination of yield component loci.

Combining Ability of Yield-Component Traits for Indica Chromosome Substituted Segments in Japonica Hybrid Rice

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1308-1316
Author(s):  
Chuan-Yuan YU ◽  
Ling JIANG ◽  
Ying-Hui XIAO ◽  
Hu-Qu ZHAI ◽  
Jian-Min WAN
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

scholarly journals Combining ability of potato parents for tuber appearance and tuber yield component traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laerte Reis Terres ◽  
Emerson Andrei Lenz ◽  
Dediel Rocha ◽  
Murilo Cerioli ◽  
Arione da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

scholarly journals Source-sink Relationship and Their Influence on Yield Performance of YAU Promising Rice Lines

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-135
Author(s):  
Myint Aye ◽  
Chan Nyein Thu ◽  
Nyo Mar Htwe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Panicle Weight

Fifty YAU promising rice genotypes were used to evaluate source-sink relationship and yield performance in 2017 dry season. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Yezin Agricultural University, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. The spacing was 20 cm between row and 20 cm between plants in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The data on physiological traits, yield and yield component traits were collected and analyzed by using STAR and R program. Growth duration1 is positively and significantly correlated with the number of grains panicle-1, filled grains percentage, grain yield, panicle weight, dry weight at heading and harvesting, straw weight and LAI at harvesting, and increase of dry weight from heading to harvesting. Significant positive correlation was found between growth duration2 and decrease of LAI from heading to harvesting indicating that these traits are strongly influenced by source before heading. Significant correlations between yield and physiological and yield component traits were observed except LAI at harvesting and 1000-grain weight. Therefore, yield variation among YAU promising rice lines is more related with source size than with sink size. Decrease of LAI from heading to harvesting and dry weight at maturity exhibited positive direct effect on 1000-grain weight, filled grains percentage and grain number m-2 meaning the relative contribution of source components to the sink. The contribution of the decrease of LAI from heading to harvesting to the grain yield was much higher than that of number of grains, panicle weight and 1000-grain weight. This research finding will be useful for the plant breeder to consider the improvement of yield supporting traits in the breeding program.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Some Yield Component Traits in a 10x10 Diallel Cross of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
T. Vange ◽  
G. O. S. Ojo ◽  
A. M. Ladan
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

A ten – parent diallel experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farms of the Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria, to estimate combining ability and heterosis in rice. The design was a 10x10 alpha lattice with three replications and data was collected on plant height (PH), tiller numbers/plant (TN), leaf length (LL) and width (LW), days to flowering (DF), panicle length (PL), panicle exsertion (PE), spikelet numbers/panicle (SN), 100 seed weight (100SW) and days to maturity(DM). A preponderance of both additive and non – additive gene action with both negative and positive GCA, SCA and % heterosis was observed in the control of yield component traits in the studied rice varieties and their hybrids. Non – additive variance was higher, except for DF, SN and DM where additive variance was higher compared to non – additivity. Six parents, namely MGD 101, FARO 44, FARO 52, FARO 57, STRASSA 58 and IR 72 recorded the highest GCA values for most of the traits and the least values in terms of days to flowering and maturity. These parents were the most frequent in crosses with the highest SCA effects and % heterosis for Tiller number, Leaf length, leaf width, panicle length and Spikelet numbers/panicle. Crosses involving these six parents also recorded the least SCA effects and % heterosis for days to flowering and maturity. Based on the results of GCA, SCA and % heterosis, backcross breeding of F1s to their respective parents (the six parents), was recommended for improvement of yield component traits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document