Study of Biometrics using Tritone Paradox

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1095
Author(s):  
Changhoon Jung ◽  
DongOh Shin ◽  
DaeHun Nyang ◽  
KyungHee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tritone Paradox

Some new pitch paradoxes and their implications

1992 ◽  
Vol 336 (1278) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Spectral Envelope ◽  
Pitch Class ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Class C ◽  
Tritone Paradox ◽  
Sound Patterns ◽  
The Way

This paper explores two new paradoxical sound patterns. The tones used to produce these patterns consist of six octave-related harmonics, whose amplitudes are scaled by a bell-shaped spectral envelope; these tones are clearly defined in terms of pitch class (C, C#, D, and so on) but are poorly defined in term s of height. One pattern consists of two tones that are separated by a half-octave. It is heard as ascending when played in one key, yet as descending when played in a different key. Further, when the pattern is played in any one key it is heard as ascending by some listeners but as descending by others (the tritone paradox). Another pattern that consists of simultaneous pairs of tones displays related properties (the semitone paradox). It is shown that the way the tritone paradox is perceived correlates with the speech characteristics of the listener, including his or her linguistic dialect. The findings suggest that the same, culturally acquired representation of pitch classes influences both speech production and also perception of this musical pattern.

The Tritone Paradox: Its Presence and Form of Distribution in a General Population

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Deutsch ◽  
William L. Kuyper ◽  
Yuval Fisher
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Absolute Pitch ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Tritone Paradox

The tritone paradox occurs when an ordered pair of tones is presented, with each tone consisting of a set of octave-related components, and the pitch classes of the tones separated by a half-octave. Such a pattern is heard as ascending in one key, but as descending in a different key. Further, the pattern in any one key is heard as ascending by some listeners but as descending by others. It was here found that this phenomenon occurs to a highly significant extent in a general population, and that it is distributed within the population in an orderly fashion. The findings also reveal a surprising ability within the general population to utilize absolute pitch.

A Regional Difference in Perception of the Tritone Paradox within the United States

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Ragozzine ◽  
Diana Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Regional Difference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
The South ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tritone Paradox ◽  
English Group

A previous study (Deutsch, 1991) demonstrated a striking difference in perception of the tritone paradox between subjects who had grown up in two different geographical regions. Specifically, a group of subjects who had grown up in California were compared with a group who had grown up in the South of England. When the Californian group tended to hear the pattern as ascending, the English group tended to hear it as descending, and vice versa. This raises the question of whether regional differences also exist within the United States in the way this pattern is perceived. The present study examined the percepts of subjects who had grown up in Mahoning and/or Trumbull counties in Ohio. Two groups were compared: those whose parents had also grown up in this area and those for whom this was not the case. A highly significant difference between these two groups of subjects was obtained, with those in the latter group producing a distribution of percepts similar to that found among Californians and those in the former group producing a different distribution. From this and other analyses of the data, it is concluded that regional differences in perception of the tritone paradox do indeed exist within the United States and that there is in addition an effect of familial background.

scholarly journals Spectral-motion aftereffects and the tritone paradox among Canadian subjects

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd A. Dawe ◽  
John R. Platt ◽  
Eydra Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Tritone Paradox ◽  
Motion Aftereffects

The Tritone Paradox: Correlate with the Listener's Vocal Range for Speech

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Deutsch ◽  
Tom North ◽  
Lee Ray
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectral Envelope ◽  
Pitch Class ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Tritone Paradox ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

In the tritone paradox, two tones are presented that are related by a halfoctave. Each tone consists of a set of octave-related sinusoids whose amplitudes are scaled by a bell-shaped spectral envelope; thus the usual cues to height attribution are missing. When listeners judge whether such tone pairs form ascending or descending patterns, judgments are related in an orderly fashion to the positions of the tones along the pitch class circle: Tones in one region of the circle are heard as higher and those in the opposite region as lower. However, listeners differ strikingly in the orientation of the pitch-class circle with respect to height. So far, the basis of the tritone paradox and the reasons for the individual differences in its manifestation have proved elusive. In the present study, a correlation is found between perception of the tritone paradox and the range of fundamental frequencies of the listener's speaking voice. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a close connection between the perception of a musical pattern on the one hand and the listener's speech characteristics on the other.

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