scholarly journals The Generation of Phase Differences and Frequency Changes in a Network Model of Inferior Olive Subthreshold Oscillations

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e1002580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Torben-Nielsen ◽  
Idan Segev ◽  
Yosef Yarom
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Phase Differences

scholarly journals Low-Amplitude Oscillations in the Inferior Olive: A Model Based on Electrical Coupling of Neurons With Heterogeneous Channel Densities

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 2736-2752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Manor ◽  
John Rinzel ◽  
Idan Segev ◽  
Yosef Yarom
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Electrical Coupling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sustained Oscillation ◽  
Large Coupling ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations ◽  
Coupling Current ◽  
Low Amplitude ◽  
Inferior Olivary

Manor, Yair, John Rinzel, Idan Segev, and Yosef Yarom. Low-amplitude oscillations in the inferior olive: a model based on electrical coupling of neurons with heterogeneous channel densities. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 2736–2752, 1997. The mechanism underlying subthreshold oscillations in inferior olivary cells is not known. To study this question, we developed a single-compartment, two-variable, Hodgkin-Huxley-like model for inferior olive neurons. The model consists of a leakage current and a low-threshold calcium current, whose kinetics were experimentally measured in slices. Depending on the maximal calcium and leak conductances, we found that a neuron model's response to current injection could be of four qualitatively different types: always stable, spontaneously oscillating, oscillating with injection of current, and bistable with injection of current. By the use of phase plane techniques, numerical integration, and bifurcation analysis, we subdivided the two-parameter space of channel densities into four regions corresponding to these behavioral types. We further developed, with the use of such techniques, an empirical rule of thumb that characterizes whether two cells when coupled electrically can generate sustained, synchronized oscillations like those observed in inferior olivary cells in slices, of low amplitude (0.1–10 mV) in the frequency range 4–10 Hz. We found that it is not necessary for either cell to be a spontaneous oscillator to obtain a sustained oscillation. On the other hand, two spontaneous oscillators always form an oscillating network when electrically coupled with any arbitrary coupling conductance. In the case of an oscillating pair of electrically coupled nonidentical cells, the coupling current varies periodically and is nonzero even for very large coupling values. The coupling current acts as an equalizing current to reconcile the differences between the two cells' ionic currents. It transiently depolarizes one cell and/or hyperpolarizes the other cell to obtain the regenerative response(s) required for the synchronized oscillation. We suggest that the subthreshold oscillations observed in the inferior olive can emerge from the electrical coupling between neurons with different channel densities, even if the inferior olive nucleus contains no or just a small proportion of spontaneously oscillating neurons.

scholarly journals Imaging Subthreshold Voltage Oscillation With Cellular Resolution in the Inferior Olive in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Dorgans ◽  
Bernd Kuhn ◽  
Marylka Yoe Uusisaari
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Voltage Imaging ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations ◽  
Cellular Resolution

Voltage imaging with cellular resolution in mammalian brain slices is still a challenging task. Here, we describe and validate a method for delivery of the voltage-sensitive dye ANNINE-6plus (A6+) into tissue for voltage imaging that results in higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than conventional bath application methods. The not fully dissolved dye was injected into the inferior olive (IO) 0, 1, or 7 days prior to acute slice preparation using stereotactic surgery. We find that the voltage imaging improves after an extended incubation period in vivo in terms of labeled volume, homogeneous neuropil labeling with saliently labeled somata, and SNR. Preparing acute slices 7 days after the dye injection, the SNR is high enough to allow single-trial recording of IO subthreshold oscillations using wide-field (network-level) as well as high-magnification (single-cell level) voltage imaging with a CMOS camera. This method is easily adaptable to other brain regions where genetically-encoded voltage sensors are prohibitively difficult to use and where an ultrafast, pure electrochromic sensor, like A6+, is required. Due to the long-lasting staining demonstrated here, the method can be combined, for example, with deep-brain imaging using implantable GRIN lenses.

scholarly journals Electrical Coupling and Synchronized Subthreshold Oscillations in the Inferior Olive of the Rhesus Macaque

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (24) ◽  
pp. 6497-6502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Turecek ◽  
Victor Z. Han ◽  
Verginia C. Cuzon Carlson ◽  
Kathleen A. Grant ◽  
John P. Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Macaque ◽  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Electrical Coupling ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations

scholarly journals Quasiperiodic Rhythms of the Inferior Olive

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Negrello ◽  
Pascal Warnaar ◽  
Vincenzo Romano ◽  
Cullen B Owens ◽  
Sander Lindeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Inferior Olivary ◽  
Spiking Activity

Inferior olivary activity causes both short-term and long-term changes in cerebellar output underlying motor performance and motor learning. Many of its neurons engage in coherent subthreshold oscillations and are extensively coupled via gap junctions. Studies in reduced preparations suggest that these properties promote rhythmic, synchronized output. However, how these properties interact with synaptic inputs controlling inferior olivary output in intact, awake behaving animals is poorly understood. Here we combine electrophysiological recordings in awake mice with a novel and realistic tissue-scale computational model of the inferior olive to study the relative impact of intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms governing its activity. Our data and model suggest that if subthreshold oscillations are present in the awake state, the period of these oscillations will be transient and variable. Accordingly, by using different temporal patterns of sensory stimulation, we found that complex spike rhythmicity was readily evoked but limited to short intervals of no more than a few hundred milliseconds and that the periodicity of this rhythmic activity was not fixed but dynamically related to the synaptic input to the inferior olive as well as to motor output. In contrast, in the long-term the average olivary spiking activity was not affected by the strength and duration of the sensory stimulation, while the level of gap junctional coupling determined the stiffness of the rhythmic activity in the olivary network during its dynamic response to sensory modulation. Thus, interactions between intrinsic properties and extrinsic inputs can explain the variations of spiking activity of olivary neurons, providing a conceptual framework for the creation of both the short-term and long-term changes in cerebellar output.

Multiple Synchronous States in Static Delay-Free Oscillator Networks

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando M. Orsatti ◽  
Jos Roberto C. Piqueira
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Oscillator Networks ◽  
General Network ◽  
Node Network ◽  
Coupling Characteristic ◽  
Free Oscillator ◽  
Phase Differences

Oscillatory neuro computers may be implemented by networks of oscillators. In these computers, multiple synchronous states of the network are associated with different patterns to be memorized. In this way, memorized pattern are retrieved as different synchronous states are achieved depending on the initial phase differences between nodes. Using a general network model, whit sawtooth coupling characteristic between nodes, we give upper bounds for the number of possible synchronous states for the network and we show, numerically, that even in a static three-node network, multiple synchronous states may exist for the network, and that the achieved state depends only on the initial conditions of the network.

scholarly journals Modulation of Electrotonic Coupling in the Inferior Olive by Inhibitory and Excitatory Inputs: Integration in the Glomerulus

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jornt R. De Gruijl ◽  
Piotr A. Sokol ◽  
Mario Negrello ◽  
Cris I. De Zeeuw
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Cerebellar Nuclei ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Electrotonic Coupling ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations

AbstractDendritic spines in glomeruli of the inferior olive are coupled by gap junctions and receive both inhibitory and excitatory inputs, yet the function of this configuration remains to be elucidated. In this issue of Neuron, Lefler et al. (2014) show that the GABAergic input from the cerebellar nuclei to neurons of the inferior olive dynamically affects both their coupling and subthreshold oscillations for short periods, while Mathy et al. (2014) and Turecek et al. (2014) show that the glutamatergic input to the olivary neurons can instruct plasticity of coupled dendrites in the long-term. The data sets from all three papers can be reconciled when put together in a model of the neuropil comprising the characteristic olivary glomeruli.

scholarly journals In vivo mouse inferior olive neurons exhibit heterogeneous subthreshold oscillations and spiking patterns

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (40) ◽  
pp. 15911-15916 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Khosrovani ◽  
R. S. Van Der Giessen ◽  
C. I. De Zeeuw ◽  
M. T. G. De Jeu
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations ◽  
Inferior Olive Neurons
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