scholarly journals Further Evidence that Exclusive Breast-Feeding Reduces Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Compared With Mixed Feeding

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. e63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Glenn Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Mother To Child

Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in Nigeria: Six Years Experience from a Tertiary Institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiu Ibrahim Jalo ◽  
Taiwo Amole ◽  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Hadiza Abdullahi ◽  
Fatima I. Tsiga-Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Antiretroviral Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: In line with global standards and progress made in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT), an assessment of the outcome of Early Infant Diagnosis in northern Nigeria is necessary to evaluate progress towards a zero Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection rate among children. Objectives: This study assessed the infection rate and risk factors for mother-to-child HIV transmission among HIV-exposed children in Kano, northwest Nigeria. Method: Using a retrospective cohort design, pregnant HIV-positive women and their exposed infants were recruited over a period of six years (2010 to 2016). Participants were enrolled during pregnancy or at delivery from the PMTCT clinic of a tertiary health facility in Kano, Nigeria. The main observations of the study were Early infant diagnosis positivity for HIV at 6 weeks and the risk factors for positivity. Results: Of the 1,514 infants studied, Early Infant Diagnosis was positive for HIV among 13 infants (0.86%). Infants whose mothers did not have antiretroviral therapy (adjusted Prevalence Ratio aPR = 2.58, 95%CI [1.85- 3.57]); who had mixed feeding (aPR = 12.06, 95%CI [9.86- 14.70]) and those not on antiretroviral prophylaxis (aPR = 20.39, 95%CI [16.04- 25.71]) were more likely to be infected with HIV. HIV-exposed infants on nevirapine and zidovudine prophylaxis accounted for 95% and 74%, respectively, and were less likely to be infected with HIV. Conclusion: HIV infection rate remains high among HIV-exposed infants whose mothers did not receive PMTCT services. Scaling up proven interventions of early commencement of antiretroviral treatment for mothers, adherence to antiretroviral prophylaxis and avoidance of mixed feeding among HIV-exposed infants would protect future generations from HIV infection.

scholarly journals Rapid assessment of infant feeding support to HIV-positive women accessing prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in Kenya, Malawi and Zambia

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2323-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickey Chopra ◽  
Tanya Doherty ◽  
Saba Mehatru ◽  
Mark Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Mother To Child

AbstractObjectiveThe possibility of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV through breast-feeding has focused attention on how best to support optimal feeding practices especially in low-resource and high-HIV settings, which characterizes most of sub-Saharan Africa. To identify strategic opportunities to minimize late postnatal HIV transmission, we undertook a review of selected country experiences on HIV and infant feeding, with the aims of documenting progress over the last few years and determining the main challenges and constraints.DesignField teams conducted national-level interviews with key informants and visited a total of thirty-six facilities in twenty-one sites across the three countries – eighteen facilities in Malawi, eleven in Kenya and seven in Zambia. During these visits interviews were undertaken with key informants such as the district and facility management teams, programme coordinators and health workers.SettingA rapid assessment of HIV and infant feeding counselling in Kenya, Malawi and Zambia, undertaken from February to May 2007.ResultsInfant feeding counselling has, until now, been given low priority within programmes aimed at prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) of HIV. This is manifest in the lack of resources – human, financial and time – for infant feeding counselling, leading to widespread misunderstanding of the HIV transmission risks from breast-feeding. It has also resulted in lack of space and time for proper counselling, poor support and supervision, and very weak monitoring and evaluation of infant feeding. Finally, there are very few examples of linkages with community-based infant feeding interventions. However, all three countries have started to revise their feeding policies and strategies and there are signs of increased resources.ConclusionsIn order to sustain this momentum it will be necessary to continue the advocacy with the HIV community and stress the importance of child survival – not just minimization of HIV transmission – and hence the need for integrating MTCT prevention.

Exclusive breast-feeding and HIV transmission

AIDS ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Coutsoudis ◽  
Louise Kuhn ◽  
Kubendran Pillay ◽  
Hoosen M. Coovadia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding

scholarly journals Exclusive Breast-feeding Protects against Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 through 12 Months of Age in Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim P. Manji ◽  
Christopher Duggan ◽  
Enju Liu ◽  
Ronald Bosch ◽  
Rodrick Kisenge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals A comparison of the effect of breast feeding, mixed feeding and top feeding on weights of infants and children

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Karim Javed ◽  
Samina Karim ◽  
Ghulam Rasool ◽  
Iftikhar , ◽  
Yaqoob Kazi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Breast Fed

A retrospective analysis of 503 patients admitted to diarrhoea ward between June to August 2003 was done regarding their weight and feeding practices. Out of them 36 children were excluded as they did not full fill the required criteria. So a total of 467 patients were studied. The patients were divided into three groups depending upon whether they were breast fed, mixed i.e. both breast and top fed, or top fed respectively. All patients between the ages of birth and 24 months were included. The number of patients in breast fed, mixed fed and top fed were 134,135 and 198 respectively. Male to female ratio was 1.4:1,1.5:1,1.4:1,with mean age in breast fed group for females 6.9± 4.7 months and males 10.3±7.63,in mixed fed group 8.3± 5.97 months and 8.4 ± 6.4 months and in top fed group 8.25±7.35 months and 7.65 ±5.72 months respectively. Mean weight in each group was 6.1±1.9, 5.7 ± 2.1 and 4.9±2.0 kg. When weight of breast fed children was compared with those of mixed fed the difference was not statistically significant with p value of 0.236 while the comparison with top fed was highly significant with p value of 0.000. Similarly babies on mixed feeding had significantly better weight than that of top fed with p value of 0.004. Although it has been stressed upon and a lot of effort has been put in to encourage breast feeding but still top feeding and mixed feeding are on the top resulting in malnourished and wasted children. From our study it is obvious that top fed children are grossly malnourished, and exclusive breast feeding is low. We need to take more steps to encourage breast feeding.

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