Mismatch Negativity and Cognitive Performance for the Prediction of Psychosis in Subjects with At-Risk Mental State

Abstract Background: At-risk mental state (ARMS) individuals are at high risk to develop psychosis. In addition to attenuated symptoms, ARMS is associated with cognitive and functional impairment. The findings are mostly based on research in help-seeking at-risk population. Our study aim was to explore prevalence rates of ARMS, comorbidities, functioning, and cognitive performance among non-help seeking adolescents. Patients and methods: Study subjects were randomly selected high school adolescents. At-risk mental state was assessed with Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States interview (CAARMS). Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia examined comorbidities. Social functioning and quality of life were measured with Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and KIDSCREEN 52. Cognitive performance in the domains of visual memory, verbal memory, working memory, and processing speed was assessed with a battery of cognitive tests Results: The total of 82 adolescents was enrolled, 21 of them met the ARMS criteria. No case of threshold psychotic disorder was detected in the study sample. Subthreshold mental disorders were more frequent in the ARMS+ group than in the ARMS- group (OR= 3.05; 95%CI 1.07, 8.67; p=0.03). Lower SOFAS scores were observed in the ARMS+ group compared to the ARMS- group (t= -3.888; p<.001; Cohen’s d = 0.99). In the total sample, CAARMS symptoms intensity was negatively associated with the SOFAS score (β = -.51; R2 = 0.26; p<.001). No significant differences in the KIDSCREEN-52 scores or cognitive functioning were found between the groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that non-help seeking adolescents with at-risk mental state have worse level of functioning compared to controls and higher rates of non-psychotic psychiatric comorbidities. Reduction in functioning is negatively associated with the severity of their subsyndromal psychotic symptoms.

Download Full-text

S12-7 Mismatch negativity in patients with an at risk mental state

Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/s1388-2457(10)60098-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 121 ◽

pp. S24

Author(s):

T. Araki ◽

K. Kasai

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Mental State ◽

Mismatch Negativity ◽

At Risk Mental State

Download Full-text

S10-2. Efficacy of mismatch negativity in subjects with schizophrenia and at-risk mental state

Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/j.clinph.2019.06.110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 130 (10) ◽

pp. e196

Author(s):

Yuko Higuchi

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Mental State ◽

Mismatch Negativity ◽

At Risk Mental State

Download Full-text

Features of Duration Mismatch Negativity Around the Onset of Overt Psychotic Disorders: A Longitudinal Study

Cerebral Cortex ◽

10.1093/cercor/bhaa364 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Takahiro Tateno ◽

Yuko Higuchi ◽

Suguru Nakajima ◽

Daiki Sasabayashi ◽

Mihoko Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Mental State ◽

Mismatch Negativity ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Transition Period ◽

Oddball Paradigm ◽

Auditory Oddball ◽

Not At Risk ◽

At Risk Mental State

Abstract Reduced amplitude of duration mismatch negativity (dMMN) has been reported in psychotic disorders and at-risk mental state (ARMS); however, few longitudinal MMN studies have examined the amplitude changes during the course of psychosis. We compared dMMN amplitude between ARMS individuals with later psychosis onset and those without, and we longitudinally examined potential dMMN changes around psychosis onset. Thirty-nine ARMS subjects and 22 healthy controls participated in this study. Of the 39 ARMS subjects, 11 transitioned to psychosis (at-risk mental state with later psychosis onset [ARMS-P]) during follow-up and 28 did not (at-risk mental state without later psychosis onset [ARMS-NP]). dMMN was measured twice using an auditory oddball paradigm with a mean interval of 2 years. Follow-up dMMN data were available for all but four ARMS-P subjects. dMMN amplitude at baseline was smaller in ARMS-P subjects compared with control and ARMS-NP subjects. Additionally, ARMS-P subjects displayed a longitudinal decline in dMMN amplitude, which was not present in control and ARMS-P subjects. We also observed a progressive decline in dMMN amplitude during the transition period, suggesting dynamic brain changes associated with the psychosis onset. Our findings implicate dMMN amplitude as a biological predictor of future psychosis onset in high-risk individuals, which may be used for early detection and intervention of psychosis.

Download Full-text