The predictors of adaptive and maladaptive coping behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: The Protection Motivation Theory and the Big Five personality traits

The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the constructs proposed by two influential theoretical frameworks: the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and the Big Five (B5) model of personality in predicting health-related coping behavior during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Both adaptive (i.e., preventive) and maladaptive (i.e., avoidant behavior and wishful thinking) coping behavior was measured. The study was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic. The sample consisted of 397 persons from the general Polish population. The findings provided strong support for the PMT constructs’ predictive value, especially with regard to pandemic-related adaptive behavior. The B5 personality traits accounted for a small proportion of the variability of coping behavior, especially when maladaptive behavior was the outcome. The PMT model showed incremental validity over and above demographic variables and personality traits in predicting preventive behavior, avoidant behavior, and wishful thinking; however, the patterns of relationships differ across the types of coping behavior. According to the current results, to increase adherence to preventive measures during an epidemic, all the PMT constructs should be considered while persuasive communication to the public is formulated.

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Predicting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors based on Protection Motivation Theory in Hormozgan, Iran.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-82943/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roghayeh Ezati Rad ◽

Hesamaddin Kamalzadeh Takhti ◽

Mehdi Hassani Azad ◽

Shokrollah Mohseni ◽

Teamur Aghamolaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Protection Motivation Theory ◽

Maladaptive Behavior ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Protection Motivation ◽

Motivation Theory ◽

Protective Behaviors ◽

Preventive Behaviors ◽

Response Efficacy

Abstract Background: The present research aimed to predict the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in the light of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).Methods: The present cross-sectional research was conducted in 2 months (March 2020-April 2020) in Hormozgan Province of Iran. The research population comprised all residents above 15 years of age. They received an online questionnaire survey in two parts, demographic information along with PMT constructs. To analyze the data, independent t-test and one-way anova test, Multiple linear regression and the statistical technique of path analysis and structural equation modeling was used. All statistical calculations and hypothesis testing were performed using spss21 and Amos21 software and a significant level of hypothesis testing was considered to be 0.05Results: A total number of 2,032 subjects participated in this research, the mean age of whom was 34.84±9.8 (R=15-98). The majority of participants were between 31 - 40 years old, female (60.4%), married (72%), urban residents (87.3%), holding a Bachelor’s degree or higher (58.8%) and employed (58.8%). Statistically significant positive correlation coefficients were estimated between preventive behaviors of COVID-19 and perceived vulnerability (r=0.192, p<0.001), perceived severity (r=0.092, p<0.001), response efficacy (r=0.398, p<0.001) ,self efficacy (r=0.497, p<0.001) and protection motivation (r=0.595, p<0.001). Statistically significant negative correlations were found between behavior and maladaptive behavior rewards (r=-0.243, p<0.001) and perceived costs (r=-0.121, p<0.001).Conclusions: The present findings showed that maladaptive behavior reward and fear predicted protective behaviors negatively; response efficacy and self-efficacy predicted protective behaviors positively. The effect of self-efficacy was the strongest among all. The information provided in this research can contribute to policy-making in the country.

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Predicting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors based on Protection Motivation Theory in Hormozgan, Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51301/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roghayeh Ezati Rad ◽

Shokrollah Mohseni ◽

Hesamaddin Kamalzadeh Takhti ◽

Mehdi Hassani Azad ◽

Nahid Shahabi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Protection Motivation Theory ◽

Maladaptive Behavior ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Protection Motivation ◽

Motivation Theory ◽

Protective Behaviors ◽

Preventive Behaviors ◽

Response Efficacy

Abstract Background: The present research aimed to predict the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in the light of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).Methods: The present cross-sectional research was conducted in 2 months (March 2020-April 2020) in Hormozgan Province of Iran. The research population comprised all residents above 15 years of age. They received an online questionnaire survey in two parts, demographic information along with PMT constructs. To analyze the data, independent t-test and one-way anova test, Multiple linear regression and the statistical technique of path analysis and structural equation modeling was used. All statistical calculations and hypothesis testing were performed using spss21 and Amos21 software and a significant level of hypothesis testing was considered to be 0.05Results: A total number of 2,032 subjects participated in this research, the mean age of whom was 34.84±9.8 (R=15-98). The majority of participants were between 31 - 40 years old, female (60.4%), married (72%), urban residents (87.3%), holding a Bachelor’s degree or higher (58.8%) and employed (58.8%). Statistically significant positive correlation coefficients were estimated between preventive behaviors of COVID-19 and perceived vulnerability (r=0.192, p<0.001), perceived severity (r=0.092, p<0.001), response efficacy (r=0.398, p<0.001) ,self efficacy (r=0.497, p<0.001) and protection motivation (r=0.595, p<0.001). Statistically significant negative correlations were found between behavior and maladaptive behavior rewards (r=-0.243, p<0.001) and perceived costs (r=-0.121, p<0.001). Conclusions: The present findings showed that maladaptive behavior reward and fear predicted protective behaviors negatively; response efficacy and self-efficacy predicted protective behaviors positively. The effect of self-efficacy was the strongest among all. The information provided in this research can contribute to policy-making in the country.

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Protection Motivation Theory Measure--Revised

PsycTESTS Dataset ◽

10.1037/t76067-000 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Lynn Williams ◽

Susan Rasmussen ◽

Adam Kleczkowski ◽

Savi Maharaj ◽

Nicole Cairns

Keyword(s):

Protection Motivation Theory ◽

Protection Motivation ◽

Motivation Theory

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Determinants of adherence to COVID-19 measures among the Belgian population: an application of the protection motivation theory

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-021-00565-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joris Adriaan Frank van Loenhout ◽

Kirsten Vanderplanken ◽

Bénédicte Scheen ◽

Stephan Van den Broucke ◽

Isabelle Aujoulat

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Protection Motivation Theory ◽

Perceived Usefulness ◽

Control Measures ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Protection Motivation ◽

Motivation Theory ◽

Response Efficacy ◽

Belgian Population

Abstract Background Since the start of the COVID-19 outbreak, the Belgian government has implemented various infection prevention and control measures. This study assessed the extent to which the general population in Belgium adhered to these measures, and which determinants were associated with adherence. Methods We undertook an internet survey among a sample of the Belgian population, representative for sex, age, socio-economic status and province. The questionnaire included various demographic, socio-economic and health-related questions, and also drew upon the Protection Motivation Theory as a theoretical framework to measure levels of perceived severity, vulnerability, perceived usefulness of the measures (response efficacy), perceived personal capacity to adhere (self-efficacy), and past and future adherence. Data were collected in Dutch and French, the main languages of Belgium. Results Our study was carried out in September 2020, and the number of respondents was 2008. On average, respondents provided high scores for each of the measures in place in September in terms of response efficacy (range of 3.54–4.32 on 1 to 5 Likert-scale), self-efficacy (range of 3.00–4.00), past adherence (4.00–4.68) and future adherence (3.99–4.61). The measure that overall received the highest scores was wearing a face mask in public spaces, while ‘the social bubble of 5’ generally received the lowest scores. There was a statistically significant relationship between response efficacy and self-efficacy on the one hand and (past and future) adherence on the other hand, in a multivariate model corrected for confounders. Vulnerability and severity did not show statistical significance. Conclusion Risk communication regarding COVID-19 should place a stronger emphasis on helping people understand why implemented measures are useful and how they can be put into practice, more than on increasing fear appeals.

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Protection Motivation Theory in Information Systems Security Research

ACM SIGMIS Database the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems ◽

10.1145/3462766.3462770 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 25-67

Author(s):

Steffi Haag ◽

Mikko Siponen ◽

Fufan Liu

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

Protection Motivation Theory ◽

Protection Motivation ◽

Security Threats ◽

Motivation Theory ◽

Road Map ◽

Systems Security ◽

Security Research ◽

Is Security ◽

New Research

Protection motivation theory (PMT) is one of the most commonly used theories to examine information security behaviors. Our systematic review of the application of PMT in information systems (IS) security and the comparison with its application for decades in psychology identified five categories of important issues that have not yet been examined in IS security research. Discussing these issues in terms of why they are relevant and important for IS security, and to what extent IS research has not considered them, offers new research opportunities associated with the study of PMT and IS security threats. We suggest how future studies can approach each of the open issues to provide a new road map for quantitative and qualitative IS scholars.

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