scholarly journals Watermelon general and specific combining ability

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Tiago Lima Do Nascimento ◽  
Flávio De França Souza ◽  
Rita De Cassia Souza Dias ◽  
Edson Ferreira Da Silva

The combining ability of six watermelon genotypes was estimated in a diallel cross scheme (6x6), including genotypes JNY (1), ‘ORA’ (2), ‘KOD’ (3), ‘SOL’ (4), ‘CHG’ (5), ‘PEA’ (6) and all possible hybrids between them. A randomized complete block design (RCB) was used, with 36 treatments, three blocks, and plots with five plants. The following traits were evaluated: days before female flower anthesis, main branch length, fruit mass, number of fruits per plant, yield, fruit length, fruit width, pulp firmness, soluble solids content, average rind thickness, seed length, seed width, and seed mass. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance, and a diallel analysis was performed according to Griffing’s experimental method I. According to the general combining ability estimates obtained, genotypes ‘KOD’ (3) and ‘JNY’ (1) were the most likely ones to produce hybrids with smaller-sized fruits and smaller seeds. The reciprocal effects confirmed that the results indicate that these genotypes should be used as pollen donors and pollen recipients, respectively. On the other hand, genotypes ‘ORA’ (2) and ‘CHG’ (5) can be used for the commercial exploitation of sliced ​​watermelons. According to the specific combining ability estimates obtained, the combinations ‘ORA’ (2) x ‘PEA’ (6), ‘ORA’ (2) x ‘JNY’ (1), ‘CHG’ (5) x ‘KOD’ (3), ‘PEA’ (6) x ‘KOD’ (3), and ‘CHG’ (5) x ‘SOL’ (4) stood out as being the genotypes most likely to produce the smallest fruits and smallest seeds.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia M de Souza ◽  
Maria Elisa AGZ Paterniani ◽  
Paulo César T de Melo ◽  
Arlete MT de Melo

The general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and heterosis were studied in a complete diallel cross among fresh market tomato breeding lines with reciprocal excluded. Fifteen genotypes (five parents and ten hybrids) were tested using a randomized complete block design, with three replications, and the experiments were conducted in Itatiba, São Paulo state, Brazil, in 2005/06. The yield components evaluated were fruit yield per plant (FP), fruit number per plant (FN), average fruit weight (FW); cluster number per plant (CN); fruit number per cluster (FC), fruit wall thickness (FT) and number of locules per fruit (NL). Fruit quality components evaluated were total soluble solids (SS); total titratable acidity (TA); SS/TA ratio, fruit length (FL); fruit width (WI); length to width ratio (FL/WI). The data for each trait was first subjected to analysis of variance. Griffing's method 2, model 1 was employed to estimate the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities. Parental and hybrid data for each trait were used to estimate of mid-parent heterosis. For plant fruit yield, IAC-2 was the best parental line with the highest GCA followed by IAC-4 and IAC-1 lines. The hybrids IAC-1 x IAC-2, IAC-1 x IAC-4 and IAC-2 x IAC-4 showed the highest effects of SCA. High heterotic responses were found for fruit yield and plant fruit number with values up to 49.72% and 47.19%, respectively. The best hybrids for fruit yield and plant fruit number were IAC-1 x IAC-2, IAC-1 x IAC-4 and IAC-2 x IAC-5, for fruit yield and plant fruit number, the main yield components.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N. Wilson ◽  
Michael R. Baring ◽  
Mark D. Burow ◽  
William L. Rooney ◽  
Charles E. Simpson

Peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) has the potential to become a major source of biodiesel, but for market viability, peanut oil yields must increase. Oil yield in peanut is influenced by many different components, including oil concentration, seed mass, and mean oil produced per seed. All of these traits can potentially be improved through selection as long as there is sufficient genetic variation. To assess the variation for these traits, a diallel mating design was used to estimate general combining ability, specific combining ability, and heritability. General combining ability estimates were significant for oil concentration, weight of 50 sound mature kernels (50 SMK), and mean milligrams oil produced per SMK (OPS). Specific combining ability was significant for oil concentration. Reciprocal effects were detected for OPS. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were very high for oil concentration and 50 SMK and low for OPS. The low OPS heritability estimate was caused by the negative correlation between oil concentration and seed size. Consequently, oil concentration and seed mass alone can be improved through early generation selection, but large segregating populations from high oil crosses will be needed to identify progeny with elevated oil concentrations that maintain acceptable seed sizes.


1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. De Silva ◽  
A. Omran

SummaryThe variability revealed in a half-diallel cross between nine diverse genotypes of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.) in regard to yield and yield components was studied in the F1 generation. The results indicated that high genetic variability existed for all traits. With respect to seed size, general combining ability effects alone were adequate to predict the performance of hybrids. For numbers of pods per plant and seeds per pod, both general and specific combining ability effects were of equal importance, while the performance of hybrids for grain yield was mainly dependent on specific combining ability effects. Heterosis was clearly evident for number of seeds per pod and grain yield. Of the yield components, number of pods per plant exhibited a positive genotypic association of appreciable magnitude with grain yield, showing its usefulness as an indicator of yield in selection.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tuan Q. Huynh

The objective of the experiment was to screen Cucumis melo L. inbred lines for high potential general combining ability and potential hybrids combinations for F1 hybridization. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 29 treatments [21 hybrid combinations, control (TL3 hybrid) and seven Cucumis melo L. inbred lines I6], each with three replicates. Estimating the specific combining ability (SCA) of Cucumis melo L. inbred lines for breeding of F1 hybrid cultivars was carried out at the Research and Development Center for Hi-tech Agriculture in Ho Chi Minh City. Based on the specific combining ability of yield trait and total soluble solids (Brix) content of 21 hybrid lines from seven inbred lines following diallel method (Griffing 4 model), four potential hybrid lines (H41.6 x H58.6, H53.6 x H77.6, H32.6 x H41.6 and H53.6 x H58.6) yielded 10% higher than the control variety and gave fruits of oval shape, even fruit-net and low diseases infection.


2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
RR. SRI HARTATI ◽  
SUDARSONO SUDARSONO

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Perakitan varietas unggul memerlukan informasi daya gabung tetua,<br />baik umum maupun khusus. Tetua dengan daya gabung umum (DGU)<br />tinggi berpotensi menghasilkan varietas sintetis atau komposit. Sementara<br />itu, tetua dengan daya gabung khusus (DGK) tinggi berpotensi<br />menghasilkan varietas hibrida. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui daya<br />gabung tetua jarak pagar yang dapat menghasilkan hibrida atau populasi<br />komposit. Sepuluh tetua, yaitu 1 tetua berdaya hasil rendah, 6 menengah,<br />dan 3 tinggi digunakan dalam persilangan dialel lengkap. Evaluasi<br />dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balittri Pakuwon Sukabumi, mulai<br />Agustus 2008 sampai Juli 2011 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok<br />tiga ulangan. Karakter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang,<br />lebar kanopi, umur mulai berbunga, serta jumlah cabang total, cabang<br />produktif, infloresen, tandan, fruit set, dan buah per tanaman. Analisis<br />dialel menggunakan metode I Griffing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ratio<br />ragam DGU dan DGK lebih besar daripada satu ( DGU / DGK &gt; 1) pada<br />semua karakter yang dievaluasi. Tetua 3012-1 dan PT 15-1, yang berdaya<br />hasil tinggi, memiliki DGU tinggi pada karakter umur mulai berbunga,<br />lebar kanopi, serta jumlah cabang total, cabang produktif, infloresen,<br />tandan, dan buah. Tetua PT 33-2, yang berdaya hasil menengah, memiliki<br />DGU tinggi pada karakter umur mulai berbunga, serta jumlah cabang total,<br />cabang produktif, infloresen, dan buah. Sementara itu, tetua 575-3, yang<br />berdaya hasil rendah, memiliki DGU tinggi pada lingkar batang. Tetua PT<br />33-2, 3012-1, dan PT 15-1 berpotensi sebagai penyusun populasi dasar<br />untuk pembentukan varietas sintetik yang cepat berbunga dan berdaya<br />hasil tinggi. Tetua 575-3 berpotensi untuk dirakit sebagai varietas yang<br />memiliki lingkar batang besar dan berbunga lambat.<br />Kata kunci: daya gabung umum, daya gabung khusus, gen aditif,<br />komposit, Jatropha curcas L.</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability<br />(SCA) are important in creating high yielding varieties. A parent having<br />high GCA is appropriate to produce synthetic or composite varieties, while<br />high SCA is to produce hybrid. The research objective is to find out the<br />information of parents combining ability in Jatropha curcas L. Research<br />was conducted using diallel analysis. Ten genotypes i.e. 1 low yielding<br />parent, 6 medium, and 3 high were used to generate F1 arrays with full<br />diallel analysis. Evaluation was conducted at Indonesian Spice and<br />Industrial Crops Research Institute Experimental Station, using<br />Randomized Block Design from August until July 2011. The observation<br />were plant height, stem girth, canopy width, days to flowering, and<br />number of total branches, productive branches, inflorescences, bunches,<br />fruit set percentages; and fruit per plant. Diallel analysis was using<br />Griffing Model I. Results showed that general variance, each of GCA and<br />SCA ratio, is more than one ( GCA / SCA &gt; 1) in all evaluated characters.<br />High yielding parents of 3012-1 and PT 15-1 exhibited high GCA on days<br />to flowering, canopy width, and number of total branches, productive<br />branches, inflorescences, bunches, and fruits. Medium yielding parents of<br />PT 33-2 exhibited high GCA for days to flowering, number of total<br />branches, productive branches, inflorescences, and fruits. Low yielding<br />genotype of 575-3 exhibited high on stem girth. PT 33-2, 3012-1, and PT<br />15-1 could be used for developing early flowering and high yielding<br />varieties, while 575-3 was suitable for producing big stem girth and late<br />flowering varieties.<br />Key word: general combining ability, specific combining ability, additive<br />gen, composite, Jatropha curcas L.</p>


1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Rood ◽  
D. J. Major

A set of eight corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds was studied in a diallel cross over two years and in a growth room to investigate general and specific combining ability for flowering-time. Diallel analysis of days from emergence to flowering revealed a failure of the joint Wr/Vr regression in one of the years, indicating a lack of agreement with the simple additive-dominance model of inheritance. The array position changed across the years and environments, complicating genetic interpretation. Transforming data of flowering-time to cumulative corn heat units (CHU) to flowering gave a better fit. Joint regression was satisfactory and array position was more consistent across years and environments. Dominance was incomplete for low CHU to flowering. Positive (increasing CHU) and negative, as well as dominant and recessive, alleles were in about equal frequencies. Heritability estimates in the broad- and narrow-sense were high. The estimates of general combining ability were higher than the estimates of specific combining ability in all studies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Francis Chukwuma Onejeme ◽  
Emmanuel Ogbonna Okporie ◽  
Chinedu Emmanuel Eze

A sound breeding program for maize improvement is very important to meet the demands of the growing population. Therefore, combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 4 x 4 full diallel cross in maize for growth attributes, yield and its contributing traits. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates was used to study the general combining ability of parents, specific combining ability of F1s (including reciprocals) and heterosis of the F1s over commercial check variety on selected agronomic characters. Genotype was highly significant for all the traits studied. The combining abilities (GCA and SCA) and reciprocal mean squares were highly significant for most studied characters. The ratio of GCA/SCA was not less than unity for studied traits excepted for days to anthesis and ear height. The results indicated that the additive genetic effects were more important and played major role in studied traits. Thus, results revealed GCA effects for the parental lines (PL). Where ‘PL2’ was excellent combiner for number of tassels and cob circumference and ‘PL3’ was good combiner for days to silking and grain yield (t.h-1). While ‘PL4’ for short height. Majority of the F1s from the GCA effects showed high SCA effects. This F1 (PL2 x PL3) performed best amongst. However, several reciprocals were not desirable. Heterosis estimation was carried out using a commercial check, Oba super II. When commercial check was used, the percent heterosis especially on grain yield varied from -8.89 to 22.62%. Among the twelve F1s, nine of the crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for grain yield (t.h-1). Those F1s that showed significant positive and/or negative desirable traits for SCA effects and significant positive heterosis could be used for varietal development in maize breeding. And conservation of those parents that exhibited high GCA effects be considered as well.


2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juarez Campolina Machado ◽  
João Cândido de Souza ◽  
Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho ◽  
José Luís Lima

General and specific combining ability effects are important indicators in a maize (Zea mays L.) breeding program aiming hybrid development. The objectives of the present study were to estimate the general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) effects of commercial maize hybrids using a complete diallel scheme and to assess the stabilities of these estimates. Fifty-five entries were assessed; ten commercial single-crosses and all possible double-crosses. The experiments were carried out in 12 environments in the 2005/06 growing season. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications per environment. Ear yield was evaluated, corrected to 13% of moisture content. The combined diallel analysis involving all environments was performed and the stability of general and specific combining ability effects was investigated. The underlying nonparametric statistics evaluated the contribution of each effect to the genotype by environment interaction. Non-additive effects were more important for this set of hybrids than the additive effects. It was possible to select parents with high stability for combining ability and with high GCA.


Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelica Gvozdanovic-Varga ◽  
Mirjana Vasic ◽  
Dragan Milic ◽  
Janko Cervenski

Current demands of consumers and thus producers are important when targeting watermelon breeding programs, especially in programs aimed at improvement of fruit traits. A complete diallel set has been investigated for breeding values of six watermelon lines, via general and specific combining ability, relationships between general and specific combining ability, heritability and heterosis for fruit size, rind thickness, soluble solids and fruit shape. The lines P2 and P4 were good general combiners for fruit size. These lines also had high values of specific combining ability in direct and reciprocal crosses. The lines with negative general combining ability for fruit size (P1 and P5) can be used in breeding for small fruits (4-6 kg), good taste (high sugar content), desired rind thickness, desired fruit form and high fruit ratio. Relationships between general and specific combining ability indicated that the additive effect played an important role in the expression of fruit weight, rind thickness and sugar content, while fruit shape was inherited incompletely dominantly.


2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain & Hussen

The study was carried out  using full diallel cross between six inbred lines of maize, parents and their F1 including reciprocals were planted in 19th march 2014 at field of agriculture college, Duhok University. All treatments arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to estimate the general and specific combining ability of maize traits in single cross hybrids. According to the mean square values of The results showed that the general combining ability, specific combining ability, and reciprocal combining ability, the general combining ability exhibited significant variance for all traits except days to 75% tasseling and number of kernels row-1, whereas, specific combining ability was non significant for leaf area though its prerogative  for all other traits. The reciprocal combining ability was remarkable  for days to 75% tasseling, plant and ear height, leaf area, ear diameter, ear length, number of rows ear-1, number of kernels row-1, 300- kernel weight and yield plant-1. The hybrid IK8xTH613 displayed the best value for yield plant-1 and IK58XTH613 for days to 75% tasseling, while the reciprocal HSxIK8 was the best for yield plant-1.


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