Determination Radon Concentration (Radon Gas) in Urine of Patients with Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Asker ◽  
Esam S. Ali ◽  
Sarwa A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Radioactive Isotope ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Radioactive Nuclide ◽  
Alpha Radiation ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Radon Gas ◽  
Irradiation Process

The present study aims at studying the measurement radon concentration (Radon gas) in the urine of patients with cancer, that made up of (23) different samples of patients’ urine. These samples have collected from Kirkuk Oncology & Hematology Center. Chemical etching process for CR-39 track detector has used to record the traces of Alpha particles “alpha rays” or “alpha radiation” that comes from Radon included in the models. The Plastic Tubing – Tubes that contain some models in reagent irradiation process, which shaped as U letter, have been used. The results illustrated that the highest concentration of Radon is (8.9) Bq.m-1 in R14 model, as well as the lowest concentration of Radon is (1.5) Bq.m-1 in R4 model. The Radon levels that have been measured are within the natural limits of radioactive decay caused by radioactive nuclide or “radioactive isotope” in urine of patients with cancer; these are not a risk in humanity.

scholarly journals Application of the Electret in Alpha Radiation Sensor to Measure the Concentration of Radon in Selected Ambient Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Adam Gubanski ◽  
Jan Kupracz ◽  
Paweł Kostyla ◽  
Dominika Kaczorowska ◽  
Jerzy Wrobel
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Alpha Radiation ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Radiation Sensor

A novel electret sensor, made from a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) foil, is proposed for monitoring of radon concentration in closed spaces. A triode air system was implemented to form the electret foil. In order to calibrate the electret sensor, the ionization chamber with the electret embedded at its bottom, was placed in an emanation chamber containing radon of known concentration. The change in the effective charge density of the electret resulting from the interaction of the electret sensor with ionizing radiation, make it possible to determine the degree of its response to the radon concentration in the examined environment. The electric charge of the electret sensor was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the concentration measurement using a field chopper. The measurement of the value of the electric field between the electret and the reference electrode directly corresponds to the effective surface charge density of the electret. The measuring system was calibrated in values of the electret equivalent voltage of Uz. In order to assess the electret properties, both the thermostimulated charge relaxation (TSQ) method and the thermostimulated discharge current (TSDC) method were used to evaluate corresponding parameters. These investigations led to the optimization of the electret formation process for the maximum sensitivity to the effects of alpha particles resulting from radon radioactive decay.

scholarly journals Measurement of Indoor Radon Gas Concentration in same Region of Baghdad Governorate Using CR-39 Nuclear Track Detector

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Nuclear Track Detector ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Alpha Emitters ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Radon Gas

In this research the activity of radon gas in air in Baghad governorate,Iraq, using “alpha-emitters track registration (CR-39) track detector were measured. This measurement was done for selected areas from Baghdad Governorate, The results obtained shows that the highest average concentrations for Rn-222 is (179.077 Bq/m^3) which was recorded within Al-Shaaib city and less average concentrations was (15.79 Bq/m^3) in the nearby residential area of Baghdad International Airport and the overall average concentrations is (86.508 Bq/m^3) for these regions. Then the radon concentration was measured annual effective dose calculated from radon concentration and found in range from 0.4031 mSv/y to 4.5179 mSv /y with an average value of 2.1824 mSv/y. The annual effective dose of radon was within the allowed international limits.

scholarly journals Geological Materials as Sources of Rn Emissions

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Carlos Alves ◽  
Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Radioactive Isotope ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Analysis Of Results

Geological materials are a potential source of pollutants, among which there is the radioactive isotope 222Rn, which result of radioactive decay of daughter radionuclides of uranium (238U). It is emitted as a gas that it can be released to the air to enter the human body, with the potential to affect internal organs (mostly the lungs) by alpha particles production. While the presence of uranium in the materials is a necessary condition for the production of Rn-222, the amount of gas emitted by the material depends on other characteristics that allow the migration of the gas. The main aim of this communication concerns a statistical analysis of results from diverse types of rocks.

scholarly journals Measurement of radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) concentration of plants (Vegetables) in different locations in Sulaimania City using CR-39 detector

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Najeba F. Salih ◽  
Hemn M. Salh ◽  
Ari M. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Effective Dose Equivalent ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Local Geology ◽  
Average Effective Dose ◽  
Radial Dose

Introduction: Radon is a radioactive gas released from the normaldecay of uranium in rocks and soil depending on local geology. Radioactive decay of uranium through radium produces radon. Materials and Methods: In the present work, seventeen plant (vegetables) samples collected from Sulaimania Governorate. The plants have been analyzed and examined to measure the level of radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) using plastic track detector (CR-39) for evaluation of radon and thoron concentration in this region. Results and Discussion: The results indicated that the higher andlower radon concentration have been found in Halabjay-con, and inSulaimani-center, to be (119.72 Bq.m-3, 3.236 pCi/L), (54.36 Bq.m-3,1.469 pCi/L), respectively, and the higher and lower thoron concentration have been found in Qaladza and in Sulaimani-center, to be (733.66 Bq.m-3, 19.828 pCi/L), (227.33 Bq.m-3, 9.117 pCi/L), respectively. Radiation level compared with the standard level known by the EPA (4 pCi/L) and190 Bqm-3. The concentration of radon in all sample plants is less than international standard level 4(pCi/L)and190 (Bqm-3), therefore the human in safety. The average effective dose equivalent (EDE) of radon from plants determined was (7.2) μSv.y-1 for all the samples. This is lower than the normal value of (1.3) mSv.y-1 given by EPA. Conclusions: This study showed that the contamination in the plant (vegetables) is normal and is not considered a great radial dose for plants and consequently for humans.

scholarly journals Measurement of radon gas concentration in water and soil samples in AL-Najaf governorate by using nuclear track detector (CR-39)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-610
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Nuclear Track Detector ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Radon Gas

The radon gas concentration in environmental samples soil and water of selected regions in Al-Najaf governorate was measured by using alpha-emitters registrations which are emitted form radon gas in (CR-39) nuclear track detector. The first part is concerned with the determination of radon gas concentration in soil samples, results of measurements indicate that the highest average radon concentration in soil samples was found in (Al-Moalmen) region which was (100.0±7.0 Bq/m3), while the lowest average radon concentration was found in (Al-Askary) region which was (38.5±4.7 Bq/m3), with an average value of (64.23±14.9 Bq/m3) ,the results show that the radon gas concentrations in soil is below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency which is (200 Bq/m3), while the radon exhalation rate (RER) ranged from (35.23-91.52 µBq/m2h), and average value which was (58.77±13.6 µBq/m2h). The second part is concerned with the determination of radon gas concentration in samples of tap water obtained from networks in dwellings in Al-Najaf governorate, the results indicate that the highest average radon concentration in water samples was found in (Meassan) region which was (0.59±0.08 Bq/L), while the lowest average radon concentration was found in (Al-Jamhorah) region which was (0.16±0.04 Bq/L), with an average value of (0.36±0.1 Bq/L), the present results show that the radon gas concentrations in tap water is below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency which is (0.5994 Bq/L), while the radon exhalation rate (RER) ranged from (2.15-0.58 ?Sv/y), and average value which was (1.28±0.31 ?Sv/y).

scholarly journals Radon concentration measurement in soil for some northen Iraqi's regions by using CR-39 detector

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-518
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Concentration Measurement ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Alpha Emitters ◽  
Radon Gas ◽  
The North ◽  
North Part

Concentrations of radon were measured in this study for twenty-four samples of soil distributed in six locations on the north part of Iraq. The radon concentrations in soil samples measured by using alpha-emitters registration that emits from Radon (222Rn) in (CR-39) track detector. The concentrations values were calculated by a comparison with standard samples. The results shows that the radon gas concentrations in Darbandikhan City varies from (16.60-34.04 Bq/m3), Halabja City (16.51-23.32 Bq/m3), Al Sulaimaniya City (17.61-32.25 Bq/m3), Koisnjaq City (22.04-35.65 Bq/m3), Shaqlaua City (21.10-29.10 Bq/m3) and Erbil City (22.30-34.63 Bq/m3). The average radon gas concentration in Al Sulaimaniya and Erbil governorate are (22.30 Bq/m3) and (26.17 Bq/m3) respectively. As a conclusion from the study Radon concentration in governorate of Erbil is relatively higher than that in governorate of Al Sulaimaniya.

The Measurements of Natural Radioactivity, (Radon and Gamma concentrations), around the old fertilizer factory in Basrah/Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1324-1335
Author(s):  
Jabbar H. Jebur
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Passive Technique ◽  
Radium Activity

Radon concentration, exhalation rate, annual effective dose, radium activity, thorium, uranium potassium and radium equivalent have been measured in the present investigation for soil in the area around the old fertilizer factory in southern of Basrah Governorate. The measurements based on CR39 track detector for passive method, RAD7 for active method and NaI(Tl) for gamma concentration measurements. Average values for radon concentration in soil were 112.04±10.76 Bq/m3 using passive technique and 104.56±6.05 Bq/m3 using RAD7. From the result of the passive technique, area and mass exhalation rates and the annual effective dose were calculated. Gamma ray spectroscopy for the soil samples were performed and found that the average concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were 50.89 Bq/kg, 21.74 Bq/kg and 640.4 Bq/kg respectively. Gamma ray hazard indices were calculated and found they are within the world average.

Artificial Radioactivity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger H. Stuewer
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Isotope ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Enrico Fermi ◽  
Marie Curie ◽  
Artificial Radioactivity ◽  
Geiger Muller Counter

Frédéric Joliot discovered artificial radioactivity on January 11, 1934, when he bombarded aluminum with polonium alpha particles and produced a radioactive isotope of phosphorus that decayed by emitting a positron. He detected it with a Geiger–Müller counter that Wolfgang Gentner had constructed for him. Two months later, Enrico Fermi, motivated in part by an insight of his first assistant, Gian Carlo Wick, decided to see if neutrons also could produce artificial radioactivity. The transformation of a neutron into a proton in a nucleus should create an electron, so to increase their number and hence the probability of creating an electron, he bombarded various elements with intense sources of neutrons, and on March 20, 1934, with aluminum he observed the created electrons and thereby discovered neutron-induced artificial radioactivity. Less than four months later, Marie Curie died on July 4, 1934, at age sixty-six.

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