scholarly journals Somaclonal variations for crop improvement: Selection for disease resistant variants in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena S Anil ◽  
Savitha Lobo ◽  
Spurti Bennur
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Biotechnological Approach ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pressure Selection

Somaclonal variations (SV) are genetic or epigenetic changes induced in plant cell and tissue culture. Induction of somaclonal variation, is an alternate approach to conventional breeding and transgenic approaches to introduce desirable genetic variability in the gene pool. SVs that occur spontaneously in culture induce changes in a range of plant characters. However, the probability of improving a key agronomic trait such as disease resistance can be cumbersome when left to chance alone. The efficiency of developing disease resistant SVs is better with the imposition of an appropriate in vitro selection pressure. Selection agents that have been applied include pathogen elicitors, pathogen culture filtrate and purified pathotoxins. This method of SV selection has been successful in enhancing disease resistance in several crops and it is an accepted biotechnological approach with tremendous potential for crop improvement.

Multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco callus tissues and in vitro selection for viral disease resistance

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyoshi Toyoda ◽  
Kazuyuki Chatani ◽  
Yoshinori Matsuda ◽  
Seiji Ouchi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Tobacco Callus ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Callus Tissues

scholarly journals Improving Cold Tolerance through In Vitro Selection for Somaclonal Variations in Seashore Paspalum

2013 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 452-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Liu ◽  
Zhimin Yang ◽  
Weiling Li ◽  
Jingjin Yu ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Formation

Cold stress is a major factor limiting the growth of warm-season turfgrass species. Cold tolerance in warm-season turfgrass species could be improved through in vitro selection for somaclonal variations. The objectives of this study were to establish an effective in vitro culture protocol for generating plants from calli using mature seeds of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) and to determine whether in vitro cold selection of somaclonal variations would lead to improved cold tolerance in seashore paspalum. The optimal concentrations of supplemental compounds in the culture medium for callus induction, embryogenic callus formation, and plant regeneration were determined. The supplemental compounds included 2,4–dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), kinetin (KT), naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA), CuSO4, and acidic hydrolysis casein (AHC). The highest rates of callus induction (97.50%), embryogenic callus formation (66.88%), and regeneration (55.94%) were obtained with the supplemental compounds of 3.0 mg·L−1 2,4-D and 10.0 mg·L−1 CuSO4 for callus induction; with 3.0 mg·L−1 2,4-D, 15 mg·L−1 CuSO4, and 1.0 g·L−1 AHC for embryogenic callus formation; and with 8.0 mg·L−1 6-BA, 0.2 mg·L−1 KT, 0.5 mg·L−1 NAA, and 10 mg·L−1 CuSO4 for plant regeneration. Embryogenic calli were subjected to 2 or 6 °C treatment for 90 days for in vitro cold selection of somaclonal variation. Plants regenerated from calli surviving cold treatment (cold-selected) for 45 or 60 days were then exposed to low temperatures [15/10 or 5/3 °C (day/night)]. Plant variants derived from cold-selected calli exhibited significant improvement in their tolerance to low temperature of either 15/10 or 5/3 °C (day/night), as manifested by higher turf quality, leaf chlorophyll content, and membrane stability as well as lower levels of lipid peroxidation compared with the control plants. This study demonstrated the feasibility of in vitro selection for cold tolerance in seashore paspalum. The cold-tolerant variants could be useful germplasm for breeding programs and further molecular characterization of cold tolerance mechanisms.

Phytotoxicity of deoxynivalenol to wheat tissue with regard to in vitro selection for fusarium head blight resistance

Plant Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B.M. Bruins ◽  
I. Karsaï ◽  
J. Schepers ◽  
C.H.A. Snijders
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Wheat Tissue

In vitro Selection for Fusaric Acid Resistant Barley Plants

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Chawla ◽  
G. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Selection For

IN VITRO SELECTION OF DISEASE RESISTANCE IN FRUIT TREES

1995 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hammerschlag ◽  
D. Ritchie ◽  
D. Werner ◽  
G. Hashmil ◽  
L. Krusberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Selection Of

In vitro selection for improved chlorsulfuron tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Euphytica ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. R. Baillie ◽  
B. G. Rossnagel ◽  
K. K. Kartha
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Selection For

IN-VITRO SELECTION FOR FUSARIUM-RESISTANCE IN GLADIOLUS

1997 ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Remotti ◽  
M.J. van Harmelen ◽  
H.J.M. Löffler
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Fusarium Resistance ◽  
Selection For
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