scholarly journals Gdzie mieszka język?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Władysław Zabrocki
Keyword(s):  
Language Universals

The article is devoted to the problems of the ontological assumptions of linguistics. It is argued that the thesis on the diversity of these assumptions goes beyond the classic positions in the dispute over language universals. The dependence of ontological assumptions on the empirically established linguistic theories is indicated.

Talk Isn’t So Cheap

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Aronoff ◽  
Jonathan Rawski ◽  
Wendy Sandler ◽  
Iris Berent
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Signed Languages ◽  
Language Universals ◽  
Abstract Language

Spoken and signed languages differ because of the affordances of the human body and the limits of each medium. But can commonalities between the two be compared to find abstract language universals?

Investigating Diachronic Variation and Change in New Varieties of English

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Rita Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Indian English ◽  
Language Standardization ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Language Universals ◽  
Verb Particle Constructions ◽  
Over Time

This contribution focuses on processes of language feature convergence which gradually lead to linguistic stabilization over time, whereby specific attention will be given to the process of Englishization in the South-Asian area. The chapter outlines some basic concepts pertaining language universals, contact, and change, as well as descriptive approaches to world varieties of English by referring to the feature classification proposed by Meshtrie and Bhatt. Then, as an explanatory case, it presents the results of a study of verb-particle constructions in a well-established variety of English (i.e., Indian English) obtained by sampling data from sources varying in time, genre, and register with a special focus on the methodological procedures and the analysis tools adopted to extract specific information from the data. Finally, the implications of those findings for future research on the process of language standardization in new varieties of English will be further explored.

Large and ancient linguistic areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-100
Author(s):  
Balthasar Bickel
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population History ◽  
False Discovery Rates ◽  
Ancient Population ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Language Universals ◽  
Discovery Rates ◽  
Pacific Area

Large-scale areal patterns point to ancient population history and form a well-known confound for language universals. Despite their importance, demonstrating such patterns remains a challenge. This chapter argues that large-scale area hypotheses are better tested by modeling diachronic family biases than by controlling for genealogical relations in regression models. A case study of the Trans-Pacific area reveals that diachronic bias estimates do not depend much on the amount of phylogenetic information that is used when inferring them. After controlling for false discovery rates, about 39 variables in WALS and AUTOTYP show diachronic biases that differ significantly inside vs. outside the Trans-Pacific area. Nearly three times as many biases hold outside than inside the Trans-Pacific area, indicating that the Trans-Pacific area is not so much characterized by the spread of biases but rather by the retention of earlier diversity, in line with earlier suggestions in the literature.

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