Schedule Preference and Pricing Decision for Short-haul Flights in Airlines

Abstract Background In 2017, The French National Authority for Health (HAS) created an open, online, systematic contribution process to enable patient and consumer groups (PCGs) to contribute to health technology assessment (HTA) carried out to aid public authorities in reimbursement and pricing decision making. Objectives This retrospective study analyzes how French PCGs contributed to the HTA process within the HAS for the first 2 years of this new mechanism. Methods PCG contributions received between 01 January 2017 and 31 December 2018 and the recording of deliberations leading to reports of the corresponding HTAs were included. Analysis grids were designed by the investigators with 5 rounds of refinement tests on 10 random PCG contributions and the reports. Systematic data extraction was then performed separately by two investigators. PCG answers to the open-question templates and the related final HTA report published by the HAS were analyzed. Results Seventy-nine contributions from 44 PCGs were received and analyzed by the HAS for 78 out of the 592 HTAs performed for drugs or medical devices during the 2-year period. Twenty-five percent of the HTAs performed for drugs received at least one contribution. The contributions covered quality-of-life aspects, access to care, and personal and family impact. Membership and budget of the contributing PCGs varied greatly. Conclusions The experience gained in the first 2 years demonstrates the feasibility of the process and the fact that PCG contribution actually provides relevant input on the patient perspective for HTAs used for reimbursement decisions. The challenges identified on the side of PCGs were time constraints and human resources.

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Dynamic Pricing Decision for Perishable Goods: A Q-Learning Approach

2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing ◽

10.1109/wicom.2008.2786 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yan Cheng

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Pricing ◽

Learning Approach ◽

Q Learning ◽

Perishable Goods ◽

Pricing Decision

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Pricing decision problem for substitutable products based on uncertainty theory

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing ◽

10.1007/s10845-014-0991-7 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 503-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Hu Huang ◽

Hua Ke

Keyword(s):

Decision Problem ◽

Uncertainty Theory ◽

Substitutable Products ◽

Pricing Decision

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Pricing insurance policies with offsetting relationship

Annals of Actuarial Science ◽

10.1017/s1748499521000208 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-27

Author(s):

Hanbali Hamza

Keyword(s):

Insurance Market ◽

Optimal Pricing ◽

Price Discounts ◽

Insurance Policies ◽

Life Data ◽

Pricing Decision ◽

Pricing Process ◽

Pairwise Correlations ◽

Number Of Customers ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This paper investigates the benefits of incorporating diversification effects into the pricing process of insurance policies from two different business lines. The paper shows that, for the same risk reduction, insurers pricing policies jointly can have a competitive advantage over those pricing them separately. However, the choice of competitiveness constrains the underwriting flexibility of joint pricers. The paper goes a step further by modelling explicitly the relationship between premiums and the number of customers in each line. Using the total collected premiums as a criterion to compare the competing strategies, the paper provides conditions for the optimal pricing decision based on policyholders’ sensitivity to price discounts. The results are illustrated for a portfolio of annuities and assurances. Further, using non-life data from the Brazilian insurance market, an empirical exploration shows that most pairs satisfy the condition for being priced jointly, even when pairwise correlations are high.

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