6. The Crisis of Masculinity

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-182
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Pietilä ◽  
Toni Calasanti ◽  
Hanna Ojala ◽  
Neal King

Because paid work is taken to be central to manhood, scholarly and popular discourse have characterized retirement as presenting a “crisis of masculinity.” However, such a crisis is not borne out by research, perhaps because scholars have not considered how class might shape masculinities and thus expectations and experiences of retirement. Using data obtained from interviews with Finnish metal workers and engineers who are either approaching retirement or recently retired, we ask whether (1) this crisis discourse is reflected in their retirement expectations, (2) it matches their actual experiences of retirement, and (3) retirement disrupts the masculinities of some class groups more than others. We find evidence of this retirement crisis discourse in our respondents’ views of retirement, but not in their actual experiences, belying the homogeneity of masculinity implied by it. Class shapes both the perceived content of crises and the actual retirement experiences.


Author(s):  
Sara Martín Alegre

Abstract:Melvyn Bragg’s autobiographical novels The Soldier’s Return (1999) and A Son of War (2001) narrate the return home of a working-class English WWII veteran mainly from the point of view of his son Joe (Bragg’s alter ego). By reading this new Odysseus’ return in the light of the analysis of hegemonic patriarchal masculinity carried out in Men’s Studies, this article shows that the experience of the veteran’s return to peace is central for the re-articulation not only of his individuality as a man but also for the continuation of the patriarchal model in Western societies, even at the expense of class loyalties and, indeed, at the expense of women’s liberation.Keywords: Masculinity, patriarchy, fatherhood, hegemony, social class.Resumen:Las novelas autobiográficas de Melvyn Bragg The Soldier’s Return (1999) y A Son of War (2001) narran el regreso al hogar de un veterano inglés de clase obrera tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial, principalmente desde el punto de vista de su hijo Joe (alter ego de Bragg). Gracias a la lectura del regreso de este nuevo Ulises, iluminada por el análisis de la masculinidad hegemónica patriarcal realizado por los Estudios de la Masculinidad, este artículo demuestra que la experiencia del retorno del veterano a la paz es crucial no sólo para la regeneración de su individualidad como hombre sino también para la continuidad del modelo patriarcal en Occidente, a costa incluso de lealtades de clase y, sin duda, de la liberación de la mujer.Palabras clave: Masculinidad, patriarcado, paternidad, hegemonía, clase social.


Author(s):  
Justine Gieni

Ian McEwan’s early fiction delves into the dark drives and desires of ordinary men and women, revealing disturbing realities about the human psyche. McEwan’s psychological probing of deeply disturbed characters reveals how it is often the mundane feelings of inadequacy or failure that compel seemingly ‘normal’ people to commit horrific acts of sexual violence. Within selected short stories in First Love, Last Rites (1975) and In Between the Sheets (1978), and his first novel The Cement Garden (1978), McEwan horrifies his audience by representing insidious evils that occur through the actions and in the minds of seemingly ordinary men. Reading McEwan’s portrayals of ‘manliness’ is shocking and disturbing not only in his portrayals of rape and incest, but also in the seemingly normal occurrence of sadomasochism, produced and supported by traditional gender relationships.


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