Ulster English as Janus: Language contact across the Irish Sea and across the North Atlantic

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Montgomery ◽  
Philip Robinson
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Irish Sea

scholarly journals Coccolithophora pelagica (Wallich) from the Channel

1923 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie V. Lebour
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Similar Form ◽  
The North ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Green Flagellate ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Irish Sea

A small coccosphere occurs abundantly in centrifuged water samples from the Plymouth district, the western part of the Channel, and outwards towards the Irish Sea and the French coast. This agrees with the species described by Ostenfeld (1899) as Coccosphœra atlantica, from the North Atlantic, which Lohmann (1902) considers identical with Wallich's Coccosphœra pelagica (1877). Lohmann, therefore, unites the two species as Coccolithophora pelagica, and in this he is followed by Ostenfeld (1908), the generic name of Coccosphœra being preoccupied by Perty (1852) for a small green flagellate.The chief difference between C. pelagica and C. atlantica is in the number of coccoliths (16 to 36 in the former, 10 to 17 in the latter). The overlapping of the margins of the Coccoliths in C. atlantica is another difference, but it appears likely from Wallich's drawings that he had only taken the inner margins into consideration, and, therefore, regarded the coccoliths of C. pelagica as not overlapping. His measurements, which cover an extensive range, embrace those of C. atlantica. It seems, therefore, that C. atlantica is to be regarded as the same species as C. pelagica, the coccoliths having a similar form, and that Lohmann and Ostenfeld are justified in bringing them together.Coccolithophora pelagica thus includes Murray and Blackman's C. pelagica (1898), Huxley's “Coccospheres” (1868, Plate 4, Figs. 6, c, d, e, and 7, b and c), and Ostenfeld's C. atlantica (1899, 1900). The coccoliths described by Joly and Dixon (1897) and the coccospheres by Dixon (1900) from the Irish Sea also belong to this species.

Detecting pan-Atlantic migration in salmon (Salmo salar) using 137Cs

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2235-2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Strahan Tucker ◽  
Ivano Pazzia ◽  
David Rowan ◽  
Joseph B Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
The North ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
East West

137Cs is a globally dispersed radioisotope that is transferred efficiently through the food chain. There is a strong east-west gradient of 137Cs in the waters of the North Atlantic due to anthropogenic inputs from Europe, with levels exceeding 10 Bq·m-3 in the Irish Sea and concentrations <1.5 Bq·m-3 in the West Atlantic. This range in values is subsequently reflected in fish, including Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), caught in those waters. 137Cs concentrations in adult salmon, which had returned to the Ste. Marguerite River, Canada, reflected the entire range of values seen previously across the North Atlantic. In fact, 43% of fish had concentrations characteristic of the Faroe, Norwegian, North, and Irish seas. These results are in sharp contrast with what is generally believed about the migration of salmon and suggest that their marine life history is more panoceanic than previously thought.

Language Contact across the North Atlantic

Language ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Heath ◽  
P. Sture Ureland ◽  
Iain Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals The Irish Sea cod recovery plan: some lessons learned

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciaran J. Kelly ◽  
Edward A. Codling ◽  
Emer Rogan
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Stochastic Simulations ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Recovery Plan ◽  
The North ◽  
Closed Area ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
The Irish Sea

Abstract Historically, cod has been one of the most important fish stocks in the North Atlantic. Recent stock collapses have been attributed to overfishing, and in February 2000 the European Commission established a closed area in the Irish Sea as part of a general recovery plan. The recovery plan was further revised and implemented between 2001 and 2005. However, the recovery plan has not provided the expected benefit, and the stock is still thought to be below the safe limit of Blim = 6000 t. We use stochastic simulations to investigate possible stock trajectories over a seven-year period from 1999 to 2005 under various scenarios of fishing mortality. Comparing the results of simulations with reality, it is clear that more drastic action is required if the stock is to recover in the medium term. The recovery plan was not explicitly designed to deal with uncertainty in the system, and this, we believe, resulted in the failure to meet the recovery plan objectives.

Potential application of decadal prediction for Irish fisheries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine O'Beirne ◽  
Louise Vaughan ◽  
Vimal Koul ◽  
André Düsterhus
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Decadal Prediction ◽  
Important Species ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

&lt;p&gt;The Irish sea food sector and the associated planning and managing of the fisheries sector is of great importance for the Irish economy. In decadal climate prediction the North Atlantic has already shown significant prediction skill for initialized predictions. However, making them applicable for a wider community is a challenge. For this a better understanding of the North Atlantic mechanisms, like the sub-polar gyre (SPG) is essential, as those systems have higher predictability as the local environmental factors for the fish themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Primary focus is the investigation of the environmental impact factors for the target species and the capability of the decadal prediction system to predict them. Besides the usual variables, like surface temperature (SST) or surface salinity, it is important to take a look at their predictability in the depth. Further analysis would then allow to investigate how this predictability can be increased by mechanisms acting on a larger scale. A final step will be to tailor the predictions for the Irish fisheries sector.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this contribution, we will show how the decadal prediction system based on the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) is able to predict oceanographic variables like temperature and salinity in the North East Atlantic. This will allow us to get an insight into the potential predictability of important species for the Irish fisheries sector, and with it the possibility for improving the current fish stock management systems in Ireland.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals The Occurrence of the smooth sand-eel, Gymnammodytes Semisquamatus (Jourdain), in the Plymouth area, with notes on G. cicerelus (Rafinesque), and G. capensis (Barnard)

1950 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Corbin
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
African Species ◽  
The North ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Southern Norway

Gymnammodytes semisquatnatus, the North Atlantic smooth sand-eel, has a continuous distribution from southern Norway to the southern Atlantic coast-line of Spain. Its occurrence in the Irish Sea and in the Plymouth area are new records. In the latter area it is an off-shore species, apparently concentrating in shell gravel in winter for spawning. It has a mean vertebral number of slightly over 68 (Plymouth and Scottish specimens). A small sample of the Mediterranean species, G. cicerelus, gives a mean of just over 66, while the South African species, G. capensis, which is indistinguishable from G. semisquamatus by external non-metameric characters, has a much lower mean of 58·5.

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