Extended Function Analysis of Urban Planning and Design Based on Automatic Extraction Algorithm of Closed Area Boundary

With the continuous development of social economy, the expansion of cities often leads to the disorderly utilization of land resources and even waste. In view of these limitations and requirements, this paper introduces the automatic extraction algorithm of closed area boundary, combs the requirements of urban boundary extraction involved in urban planning and design, and uses the technology of geospatial analysis to carry out spatial analysis practice from three angles, so as to realize the expansion of functional analysis of urban planning and design and improve the efficiency and rationality of urban planning. The simulation results show that the automatic extraction algorithm of closed area boundary is effective and can support the functional analysis of urban planning and design expansion.

Composition, Density and Spatial Distribution of Zooplankton in Inner Ambon Bay, Indonesia

Inner Ambon Bay is part of Ambon Bay; it is semi-closed area and a small pelagic fish fishing ground, especially anchovy. The anchovy is a zooplankton predator; therefore the existence of anchovy is affected by the abundance of zooplankton. The aims of the research are to obtain information on the composition, density, and spatial distribution of the zooplankton in these waters. Data of zooplankton composition were obtained from sampling by using plankton net at ten observation stations. Meanwhile, data of densities were collected using a scientific hydroacoustic system, BioSonic DTX supported with split-beam technology, on six parallel transect lines and one cross-parallel transect line. Geostatistical analyses technique was used to describe horizontal distributions of zooplankton, and vertical distributions pattern were plot in the graphs. The result shows that the zooplankton community is dominated by Copepod and meroplankton. The highest average density was found in August (9393 ind./m2),while the lowest density was in June (903 ind./m2).

Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays

Portland Cement is manufactured by adding 3% gypsum to clinker which is produced by grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and then burning a raw mix of silica, and calcium carbonate. Limestone is the main source of carbonates, while clay collected from arable land is the main source of silica. The marl in the Euphrates Formation was studied as an alternative to arable lands. Nine boreholes drilled and penetrated the marl layer in selected locations at the Kufa cement quarry. Forty-one samples of marl from boreholes and four samples of limestone from the closed area were collected. The chemical content of the major oxides and the hardness of the marl layer was very encouraging as a raw material for Portland Cement as they are SiO2 (17.60), CaO (37.89), MgO (1.94), Fe2O3 (2.47), Al2O3 (4.21), K2O (0.731), SO3 (0.35), and Na2O (0.062). The marl was used in designing a raw material mix suitable for rotary kiln feed and produced a clinker conforming to the approved specifications. The designing a raw mix consisting of 80.30% of marl with 19.70% of limestone. The investment of the marl layer can be used as an ideal alternative to the arable clay giving fit quality to the international specifications, reducing production costs during quarry operations, reducing the energy consumption and equipment wearing.

Calculation of the Lowest Resonant States of H− and Li by the Complex Absorbing Potential Method

The analysis of the features of the method of complex absorbing potential (CAP) is carried out for a single-channel problem with an explicit parameterization of the scattering matrix. It is shown that there can be several types of CAP trajectories depending on the choice of the initial conditions. In any case, the estimation of the resonance parameters from the position of the optimal trajectory point can lead to a systematic error or an ambiguous result. In special cases, the search for the optimal point can be replaced by the averaging over a closed section of the trajectory. The CAP trajectories constructed in the H− and Li resonance calculations correlate well with the model trajectories, which have a curl around the resonance. The averaging over a closed area of the trajectory leads to better estimates of the energy and width of the resonance in comparison with the technique of searching for the optimal point.

Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Systems

Research activity in the field of monitoring indoor quality systems has increased dramatically in recent years. Monitoring closed areas can reduce health-related risks due to poor or contaminated air quality. In the current COVID pandemic, the population has observed that improving ventilation in the closed area can significantly reduce infection risk. However, the significance of air quality statistics makes highly accurate real-time monitoring systems vital. In this paper, several researchers' protocols and the methodologies for monitoring a good high indoor air quality system are presented. The majority of the reviewed works are aimed to reduce air pollution levels of the atmosphere. The vast majority of the identified works utilized IoT and WSN technology to fix the partial access to sensed data, high cost, and non-scalability of conventional air monitoring systems. Furthermore, ad-hoc approaches are predominantly used to help society change its attitude and impose corrective actions to improve air quality. This paper presents a short but comprehensive review of several researchers works with different approaches to ecological trend analysis capabilities, drawing on existing literature works. Overall, the findings highlight the need for developing systematic protocols for these systems and establishing smart air quality monitoring systems capable of measuring pollutant concentrations in the air.

Experimental and numerical investigation of the thrust force and temperature generation during a drilling process

Although advances have been made in manufacturing technology, a number of problems still exist in the drilling process due to the chip formation which occurs in a closed area. This situation results in unpredictable force, torque and temperature generation. This study investigated the machining parameters in the drilling process using a finite element method (FEM). In the numerical analysis, thrust force, torque and temperature were calculated by three-dimensional simulation. Drilling processes were carried out with twist drill bits at three different cutting speeds and three different feed rates. The numerical analysis results were verified by experimental studies. The results show that FEM is a good candidate for obtaining cutting forces and temperature generation in drilling process.

Comparison of static and dynamic balance measurements among chronic and episodic migraine patients

ABSTRACT Background: Migraine is one of the most frequent and incapacitating headaches, with a high degree of impairment of balance control and postural stability. Objective: To investigate the effects of episodic and chronic migraine on postural balance through using static and dynamic balance tests. Methods: The study included 32 chronic and 36 episodic migraine patients and a control group of 36 healthy volunteers. Right/left single-leg static and dynamic balance tests were performed in each group with eyes open and closed using a posturographic balance platform (Techno-body Prokin). Results: No significant difference was found among episodic and chronic migraine patients and control subjects with regard to eyes-open and eyes-closed area values (eyes-open area values: p=0.559, p=0.414 and p=0.906; eyes-closed area values: p=0.740, p=0.241 and p=0.093, respectively). However, the area values were significantly higher in episodic and chronic migraine patients than in the control group, which indicates that migraine patients may have lower balance performance. Perimeter values were relatively higher which supports the idea that migraine patients have lower balance performance. Additionally, the average number of laps was significantly lower among migraine patients than in the control group, which also implies that migraine patients may have lower balance performance. Conclusion: Although no significant difference was detected between chronic and episodic migraine patients and the control group and between chronic and episodic migraine patients with regard to balance performance, chronic migraine patients seemed to have relatively lower performance than episodic migraine patients. Further studies with larger numbers of patients are needed, to investigate the relationship between these parameters and balance.

Heavy metals and the "Chernobyl trace" in the bottom sediments of the internal reservoir: The Gulf of Kaliningrad

Introduction. The article contains the results of a study of environmental hazards and threats to public health from the accumulation of heavy metals (HM) and the activity of man-made and natural radionuclides (NRN) in the bottom sediments of the inner reservoir r - the Kaliningrad Bay at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries (1986-2019). The Consumption of polluted resources (seafood, bottom sediments as fertilizers, and mineral raw materials) can negatively affect residents’ health of not only this region. The problems are considered: 1) the mechanism and intensity of the long-term accumulation of Hg and other HMs, 2) the activity of the 137Cs isotope (“Chernobyl trace”) and NRN in comparison with the radiation state of the beach Sands in Latvia, 3) the biomedical threats from the factors considered. Results. The water’s closed area led to the role of the bay as a giant trap of sedimentary material and pollutants. Hg in the water reached dangerous concentrations of 0.15-0.6 mcg/l (MPC = 0.5 mcg/l). The accumulation of Hg in the bottom sediments of the Gulf estuary and Primorskaya Bay has reached a low level of pollution over 20 years (Norwegian criteria: from 50-90 to 155-252 mcg/kg) and has approached the safe limit - the target level (300 mcg/kg - the national, regional standard and Dutch lists of the pollutants). The Hg content also increased in the background (from 23 to 82 mcg/kg). The most dangerous foci of sanitary and toxicological hazard (Zc-t index (AgPbCoW) >6, up to 13) coincide with the borders of dangerous accumulation of the sum of HM (Zc(MnCrVNiCoAgZnPbSnW) >34, up to 61) and Hg (>100-150 mcg/kg). The initial activity of 137Cs in the Baltics decreased, Bq/kg: from 110 (beaches of Latvia) to 104 and 99 (bottom sediments; coasts of Lithuania, Kaliningrad region, and Poland). The specific activity of NRN in the bottom sediments of the Gulf (510-572 Bq/kg) is below the safe level (740 Bq/kg); handling them has no restrictions. Conclusions. An increase in the amount of Hg causes the danger. The trend requires research and monitoring, including Hg in seafood and biomonitoring.

ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN FISIK YANG BERISIKO DALAM PENULARAN TUBERCULOSIS PADA PESANTREN DI KOTA PEKANBARU

Tuberculosis (TBC) is a disease caused by Microbacterium Tuberculosis bacteria. TBC is an environmentally based disease, which is transmitted through the air (Airborne Disease). There are 1.5 milion deaths were recorded in 2018 as the result of this disease. Islamic Boarding School is a place of high risk TBC transmission. It’s closed area and densely population has potential to cause an outbreak of TBC. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical environment conditions of Islamic Boarding School in Pekanbaru related to the risk of TBC transmission. Type of this research is descriptive quantitative. Amount of population are 147 student’s dormitory room on Islamic Boarding School in Pekanbaru City with 44 sample size. Sample was taken by using disproportioned Stratified Random Sampling Technique. Descriptive Statistic Analysis was held to reach the purposed. Instrument that used are questionnaire, observational checklist sheets and 4 in 1 environmental level meter. There were student’s room that been at risk of transmitting TBC disease as the result. Environmental risk factors that found were temperature (40,9%), lighting (31,8%), humidity (29,5%), ventilation (56,8%), floor conditions (18,2%), wall conditions (25%), smoke exposure (11,4%), sanitation (70,5%), and population density (86,4%). Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that the dormitory room of Islamic Boarding School in Pekanbaru City has a risk of TBC transmission. Suggestions given in this study are to conduct guidance and advocacy to the leadership of the Islamic Boarding School in order to eliminating of physical environmental TBC risk factor.