Impact Characteristic According to the Structure of Crash Box at the Vehicle

AbstractThe crash box between a bumper and a car body in automobiles can reduce impacts for car bodies with a bumper at a low-speed collision by preventing the shocks. Also, this crash box is the part playing a very important role for the safety of vehicle and the reduction of repair cost, and many studies have been investigated for the performance. In this study, aluminum foam was inserted in an aluminum crash box to analyze the relationships of deformation, stress and internal energy. The compression characteristics are compared with six cases. In addition, the load due to displacement at experiment for a case is verified by modeling with finite elements and performing the structural analysis. As these study results for investigating characteristics of the crash box, it is thought that the effective designs of crash box to enhance the durability for collision are made possible.

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In Silico Structural Modeling and Analysis of Interactions of Tremellomycetes Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases CYP51s with Substrates and Azoles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22157811 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 7811

Author(s):

Olufunmilayo Olukemi Akapo ◽

Joanna M. Macnar ◽

Justyna D. Kryś ◽

Puleng Rosinah Syed ◽

Khajamohiddin Syed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Structural Analysis ◽

In Silico ◽

Web Application ◽

Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases ◽

Agglomerative Clustering ◽

Ligand Complex ◽

P450 Monooxygenase ◽

Study Results

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP51 (sterol 14α-demethylase) is a well-known target of the azole drug fluconazole for treating cryptococcosis, a life-threatening fungal infection in immune-compromised patients in poor countries. Studies indicate that mutations in CYP51 confer fluconazole resistance on cryptococcal species. Despite the importance of CYP51 in these species, few studies on the structural analysis of CYP51 and its interactions with different azole drugs have been reported. We therefore performed in silico structural analysis of 11 CYP51s from cryptococcal species and other Tremellomycetes. Interactions of 11 CYP51s with nine ligands (three substrates and six azoles) performed by Rosetta docking using 10,000 combinations for each of the CYP51-ligand complex (11 CYP51s × 9 ligands = 99 complexes) and hierarchical agglomerative clustering were used for selecting the complexes. A web application for visualization of CYP51s’ interactions with ligands was developed (http://bioshell.pl/azoledocking/). The study results indicated that Tremellomycetes CYP51s have a high preference for itraconazole, corroborating the in vitro effectiveness of itraconazole compared to fluconazole. Amino acids interacting with different ligands were found to be conserved across CYP51s, indicating that the procedure employed in this study is accurate and can be automated for studying P450-ligand interactions to cater for the growing number of P450s.

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The Method of Designing the Superstructure of the Car Body Based on the Requirements of Low-Speed Collisions

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1059/1/012021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1059 ◽

pp. 012021 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vadim A Gulyaev ◽

Nikolay Yu Loginov ◽

Anton A Kozlov ◽

Dmitry Yu Voronov ◽

Denis G Levashkin

Keyword(s):

Low Speed ◽

Car Body

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Finite elements and solution procedures for structural analysis

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering ◽

10.1016/0045-7825(88)90159-4 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 237-238

Keyword(s):

Structural Analysis ◽

Finite Elements

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Liquid mixtures separation and heat consumption in the process of distillation

Тонкие химические технологии ◽

10.32362/2410-6593-2021-16-1-7-15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 7-15

Author(s):

M. K. Zakharov ◽

A. V. Egorov ◽

A. A. Podmetenny

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Energy Saving ◽

Internal Energy ◽

Initial Mixture ◽

Liquid Mixtures ◽

Heat Consumption ◽

Reflux Ratio ◽

Component Distribution ◽

Study Results ◽

Internal Energy Saving

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate different distillation modes of a binary ideal mixture and determine how various factors affect heat consumption in the column boilers. In addition, it intends to assess the difficulty of separating mixtures. Our research is based on analyzing the characteristics of vapor-liquid equilibrium.Methods. To conduct our study, we used a graphic-analytical tool to calculate the distillation process of a binary mixture and mathematical models based on the Aspen Plus software package along with DSTWU, RadFrac, and the Sensitivity module. We also used the Peng-Robinson equation (PENG-ROB) to determine the liquid-vapor equilibrium.Results. We employed the graphical method and mathematical models to obtain the operation parameters of two column variants for the distillation of binary ideal benzene-toluene mixtures. In each variant the initial mixture contained the same amount of the low- and high-boiling component. The number of plates in the column sections, reflux ratio, energy consumption, and indicators of internal energy saving were determined.Conclusions. Study results show that using the coefficient of the component distribution between the vapor and liquid phases is a promising method for preliminary assessments of the separation difficulty and measurements of the expected heat consumption in the boilers of columns. Comparison studies showed that the heat consumption in the boiler decreases as the internal energy saving in the columns increases.

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