Numerical simulation of the behavior of kinematically unstable slopes under dynamic influences

Introduction. The concept of estimating the dynamic parameters of the “base — weakened layer — block” system is proposed, taking into account the physical nonlinearity of the material and the kinematic method of excitation of vibrations. In accordance with this approach, the physical nonlinearity of the base and block material is considered using the Drucker- Prager model. The weakened layer is modeled by 3D spring finite elements. The verification procedure of the proposed methodology is carried out on the example of the dynamic calculation of the “base — weakened layer — slope” system.Materials and Methods. The computational experiments were performed using the ANSYS Mechanical software package in combination with a nonlinear solver based on the Newton-Raphson procedure. SOLID45 volumetric finite elements were used to discretize the computational domains. Combined elastic-viscous elements COMBIN14 were used to simulate the displacement of the block relative to the fixed base.Results. An engineering technique for the dynamic analysis of the stress-strain state of the “base — weakened layer — block” spatial system with kinematic method of excitation of vibrations is developed. The accuracy and convergence of the proposed method is investigated using specific numerical examples.Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the mathematic simulation performed, it is shown that the developed technique provides assessing the risks of the occurrence of real landslide processes caused by external non-stationary impacts.

Analysis of the mechanical behavior of adobe walls without reinforcement through computational modelling

The construction of civil structures on land has played an important role for centuries, however, due to the seismic requirements and the minimum safety standards that are currently required for any structure, this type of construction has been lagged, it is denoted that the related regulations they are widely dispersed and in most cases. In developed countries, numerous technical and legal problems arise to carry out construction with these materials. In relation to this work, a set of models of raw earth type walls are presented, through the SAP 2000 software, having as a supply of the mechanical properties of this material the Peruvian regulation E.080. For the analysis of these models, a static linear analysis for finite elements and a stress analysis of the service limit state concept were studied. Finally, the models with their respective stress studies, management and design recommendations are presented under the criteria of the analyses carried out, leaving open the possibility of both carrying out an experimental phase to develop the analogy with the postulates and proposed results, as well as such as the option to perform a static pressure analysis by finite elements in order to achieve greater precision and calibration of the model with respect to what can be evidenced in laboratory tests.

3D Simulation and Artificial Neural Networks Application in the Diffusion Study of Champignon Mushroom/Solution Interface During the Salting

The influence of the film formed during the salting of champignon mushrooms with brine containing NaCl and KCl was modeled using the finite elements method (FEM). It was verified that the film formed on the mushroom surface had a greater influence in the static salting since the diffusion of the ions was 7.5-fold smaller in this system than in the stirred salting. The application of self-organizing maps showed that the ions diffusion along the surface of the solid presented a heterogeneous occurrence and depended on the region for both static and stirred salting. A direct relation was observed among the mushroom surface morphology, the salts diffusion behavior, and the film formation. In addition, the film was not completely extinguished in the stirred system, although it has a minimal influence as the film formation is also dependent on the biosolid surface.