Polyamidoamines (PAAs) functionalized with siloxanes as wood preservatives against fungi and insects

Abstract A novel treatment based on polyamidoamines (PAAs) for the preservation of wood against fungi and insects with a broad protection functionality, low effective concentration, and low environmental impact has been developed. PAAs were synthesized by nucleophile addition of ethanolamine (EtA) and/or 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to N,N′-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA). The molar ratios in the tested formulation were: I) MBA:EtA=1:1; II) MBA:APTES=1:1; III) MBA:EtA:APTES=1:0.5:0.5. These formulations, characterized by ESI-MS, NMR, FT-IR, were tested against: (a) the wood decay fungi (Coniophora puteana, Coriolus versicolor, and Poria placenta); (b) the subterranean termite Reticulitermes lucifugus, and the drywood termite Kalotermes flavicollis; (c) the woodborer Stegobium paniceum. Tests in combination with leaching showed that formulation II and III can be utilized as fungal wood preservatives for use classes 2–3 (EN 335:2013). In addition, all PAAs formulations were equally effective in preserving wood against the subterranean termite, and formulation II was most effective against drywood termite. On the other hand, the formulation I showed good efficacy against S. paniceum.

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Resistance of bioincised wood treated with wood preservatives to blue-stain and wood-decay fungi

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation ◽

10.1016/j.ibiod.2010.10.003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 108-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

M. Schubert ◽

T. Volkmer ◽

C. Lehringer ◽

F.W.M.R. Schwarze

Keyword(s):

Wood Decay ◽

Wood Preservatives ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi ◽

Blue Stain

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Quaternary Ammonium Arylspiroborate Esters as Organo-Soluble, Environmentally Benign Wood Protectants

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch05226 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 58 (12) ◽

pp. 901 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jenny M. Carr ◽

Peter J. Duggan ◽

David G. Humphrey ◽

James A. Platts ◽

Edward M. Tyndall

Keyword(s):

Boric Acid ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Environmentally Benign ◽

Wood Preservatives ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi ◽

Test Organisms ◽

11B Nmr ◽

The Stability ◽

Anti Fungal

As part of a larger project aimed at the development of leach resistant boron-based wood preservatives, the anti-fungal and termiticidal activities, and the resistance to leaching from timber, of three related tetra-n-butylammonium spiroborates, tetra-n-butylammonium bis(ortho-hydroxymethylphenolato)borate 2, tetra-n-butylammonium bis[catecholato(2–)-O,O′]borate 3, and tetra-n-butylammonium bis[salicylato(2−)-O,O']borate 4, have been examined. All three borates are found to be active against test organisms, with the following orders of activity being observed: 2 > 3 > 4 > boric acid against wood decay fungi, and 2 > 3 ≈ 4 > boric acid against termites. The most active compound in both assays 2 also has the highest calculated lipophilicity. In a test for permanence in wood, the following order of leach resistance is observed: 4 >> 3 ≈ 2 > boric acid. This order appears to correlate more closely with the stability constants of the borate esters, as determined using 11B NMR spectroscopy, rather than calculated lipophilicities.

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Fungi colonizing preservative-treated Douglas-fir poles after remedial treatment with fumigants

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m89-042 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 283-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Magdalena Y. Giron ◽

Jeffrey J. Morrell

Keyword(s):

Treated Wood ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Wood Preservatives ◽

Nutrient Media ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi ◽

Fungal Populations

The microfungi present in transmission poles of preservative-treated Douglas-fir remedially treated with one of four fumigants were determined by removing increment cores 5 and 15 years later and culturing them on nutrient media. The microfungi isolated from the wood were then characterized according to their ability to cause a loss in wood weight, to tolerate conventional wood preservatives, and to tolerate wood fumigants. The wood treated with fumigants 5 years earlier was sparsely colonized, while that treated 15 years earlier was colonized more heavily. In general, many of the same species of microfungi occurred in treated and untreated poles. In both, fungal populations were dominated by Scytalidium and Trichoderma spp. None of the isolates caused losses in wood weight greater than 5%, but several exhibited tolerance to short fumigant exposures. The latter trait may help explain the presence of these fungi in wood still containing measurable levels of fumigant. The presence in fumigant-treated wood of fungi previously shown to be antagonistic toward wood decay fungi may help explain the ability of the four test fumigants to provide long-term protection.Key words: fungi, Scytalidium, Trichoderma, colonization, Douglas-fir.

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Enhanced Anti-Fungal Activity of the Organo-Soluble Borate Ester, Tetra-n-butylammonium Bis(ortho-hydroxymethylphenolato)borate

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch04247 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jenny M. Carr ◽

Peter J. Duggan ◽

David G. Humphrey ◽

Edward M. Tyndall

Keyword(s):

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Wood Preservatives ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Fungal Activity ◽

Wood Decay Fungi ◽

Borate Ester ◽

Anti Fungal

The borate ester, tetra-n-butylammonium bis(ortho-hydroxymethylphenolato)borate, NBu4[B(o-hmp)2], was synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 11B), ES-MS, and X-ray crystallography. The anti-fungal activity of this compound, as well as its sodium salt, the parent phenol, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, and boric acid were evaluated against two wood decay fungi. The tetraalkylammonium borate NBu4[B(o-hmp)2] shows the highest activity out of the compounds examined. This finding suggests that the formation of lipophilic borate esters is a promising approach for the development of leach-resistant, borate-based wood preservatives.

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Rapid Dye Decolorization Method for Screening Potential Wood Preservatives

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.66.12.5457-5459.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 66 (12) ◽

pp. 5457-5459 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Olga Borokhov ◽

Stephen Rothenburger

Keyword(s):

Direct Observation ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Screening Method ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Dye Decolorization ◽

Wood Preservatives ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi ◽

Oxidative Agents

ABSTRACT We developed a new screening method for potential wood preservatives based on decolorization of the dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R by extracellular oxidative agents produced by wood decay fungi. Oxidative biodegradation of lignin yielded decolorized zones around and under fungal cultures on a dyed agar medium. Inhibitory effects were detected by direct observation and measurement of the decolorized zones.

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Structure-activity relationships of cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives against wood-decay fungi

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.2005.100 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 59 (6) ◽

pp. 620-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Chi-Lin Wu ◽

Shih-Chang Chien ◽

Sheng-Yang Wang ◽

Yueh-Hsiung Kuo ◽

Shang-Tzen Chang

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Wood Preservatives ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Structure Activity Relationships ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Wood Decay Fungi

Abstract Cadinane-type sesquiterpenes have a wide spectrum of biological activity, but their use as wood preservatives and the structure-activity relationships of their derivatives have not yet been reported. A total of 13 compounds were synthesized from T-cadinol, T-muurolol, and α-cadinol and their chemical structures were confirmed by IR, MS, and 1H and 13C NMR. The antifungal properties of 16 compounds against three wood-decay fungi were evaluated in vitro. α-Cadinol showed strong antifungal activity against Lenzites betulina, Trametes versicolor, and Laetiporus sulphureus (total mean IC50 0.10 mM). Among the derivatives synthesized, 3β-ethoxy-T-muurolol (0.24 mM), 4ξH-cadinan-10β-ol (0.25 mM), 4ξH-muurolan-10β-ol (0.29 mM), and 4ξH-cadinan-10α-ol (0.25 mM) showed good antifungal activity against all fungi tested. Correlation was observed between the antifungal activity of the compounds tested and log P. Furthermore, the presence of an unsaturated double bond and oxygen-containing functional groups in the compounds plays a key role in their antifungal activity. The stereo configuration of cadinane-type sesquiterpenes also influences their antifungal activity. Understanding how the structure of natural compounds relates to their antifungal function is important and may facilitate their application as novel wood preservatives.

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Durability of Sugi (Cruptomeria japonica D. Don) bark against wood decay fungi and a subterranean termite

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products ◽

10.1007/s001070050294 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 178-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Doi ◽

Y. Kurimoto

Keyword(s):

Wood Decay ◽

Subterranean Termite ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi

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Growth inhibition of wood-decay fungi by lignin-related aromatic compounds

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products ◽

10.1007/s00107-021-01689-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cédric Cabral Almada ◽

Mathilde Montibus ◽

Frédérique Ham-Pichavant ◽

Sandra Tapin-Lingua ◽

Gilles Labat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Aromatic Compounds ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi

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Aliphatic acids as spore germination inhibitors of wood-decay fungi in vitro

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b85-040 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 337-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elmer L. Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Spore Germination ◽

Germ Tube ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

Wood Decay ◽

White Rot ◽

Malt Extract ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Aliphatic Acids ◽

Wood Decay Fungi

Influences of eight saturated aliphatic acids (C5–C10, C12, and C16) on basidiospores of four isolates of wood-decay fungi (Poria tenuis and Trametes hispida, white rot fungi, and two isolates of the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum) were observed in vitro. Spore responses after 24 h on malt extract agar containing 10, 102 or 103 ppm of each acid included normal germination, delay of germ tube emergence, vacuolation and degeneration of spore cytoplasm, and prevention of germ tube development without spore destruction. Acids of chain length C5–C10 prevented spore germination and killed spores of all fungi at concentrations of 20–50 ppm in media, whereas other acids tested were less active. Spore germination assay of decay fungi may prove useful as a screening tool to compare potency of wood preservatives.

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