A Tool Kit for Discounted Cash Flow Valuation: Consistent and Inconsistent Ways to Value Risky Cash Flows

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schueler
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Contribution Margin ◽  
Additivity Principle ◽  
Value Additivity ◽  
Operating Leverage ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow Valuation

AbstractThe DCF method or multiples are used to value companies in practice. Starting with the value additivity principle, the paper presents a general framework for DCF valuation. This framework allows defining stepwise and aggregated approaches to value risky cash flows and identifying inconsistent approaches. The framework helps to integrate sales, contribution margin, operating leverage, and financial leverage into valuation approaches and shows the assumptions implied when multiples are used.

SFAS No. 123 Disclosures and Discounted Cash Flow Valuation

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard C. Soffer
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Stock Options ◽  
Stock Option ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Employee Stock Options ◽  
Financial Statement Analysis ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Employee Stock Option ◽  
Valuation Technique ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow Valuation

One of the cornerstones of financial statement analysis is the discounted cash flow valuation. Despite the broad use of this valuation technique, and the economic importance of employee stock options to firm values, there is little guidance on how employee stock options should be incorporated in a valuation. This paper provides a comprehensive approach to doing so, including consideration of the income tax implications of option exercises, the simultaneity of equity and option valuation, and the use of the disclosures that were mandated recently by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123. The paper provides a comprehensive example using Microsoft's fiscal 1997 financial statements and employee stock option disclosure. This paper should be of interest to academics and practitioners involved in corporate valuation and financial statement analysis.

scholarly journals Financial optimisation of the scheduling for the multi-stage project

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-908
Author(s):  
M. Klimek ◽  
P. Łebkowski
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Project Scheduling ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Annealing Algorithm

AbstractThe paper analyses the problem of discounted cash flow maximising for the resource-constrained project scheduling from the project contractor’s perspective. Financial optimisation for the multi-stage project is considered. Cash outflows are the contactor’s expenses related to activity execution. Cash inflows are the client’s payments for the completed milestones. To solve the problem, the procedure of backward scheduling taking into account contractual milestones is proposed. The effectiveness of this procedure, as used to generate solutions for the simulated annealing algorithm, is verified with use of standard test instances with additionally defined cash flows and contractual milestones.

scholarly journals VALUE INFLUENCING MECHANISM OF GREEN CERTIFICATES IN THE DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW VALUATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Vimpari ◽  
Seppo Junnila
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Property Valuation ◽  
Valuation Model ◽  
Influencing Mechanism ◽  
Green Certificates ◽  
Industry Professionals ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow Valuation

The market value of green properties is already acknowledged in scientific literature, but it has still remained unclear how green certificates are incorporated into property valuation. In this study, value influencing mechanism of green certificates in property investment is studied. A widely used discounted cash flow (DCF) model for property valuation was constructed and communicated with spreadsheet to industry professionals for valuing an office property in metropolitan Finland. The goal was to understand the value influencing mechanism and even deeper to identify the differences in DCF parameters between certified properties and non-certified properties. The results show that a green certificate increases on average the property value with 9.0% in the DCF valuation model. Improved yield and net rental income were the main reasons for the higher property value. Interestingly, this is the first known study to empirically open the value influencing mechanisms of green properties presented in earlier theoretical studies.

Aurora Textile Company

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Eades ◽  
Lucas Doe
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
List Type ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Cost Information

This case asks the student to decide whether Aurora Textile Company can create value by upgrading its spinning machine to produce higher-quality yarn that sells for a higher margin. Cost information allows the student to produce cash-flow projections for both the existing spinning machine and the new machine. The cash flows have many different cost components, including depreciation, the number of days of cotton inventory, and the liability costs associated with returns from retailers. The cost of capital is specified in order to simplify the analysis. The analysis has added complexity, however, owing to the troubled financial condition of both the company and the U.S. textile industry, which is in decline as manufacturers migrate to Asia to benefit from lower manufacturing costs. This begs the question whether management should invest in a declining business or harvest the company by paying out all profits as a dividend to the owners. The case is suitable for students just beginning to learn finance principles, but is also rich enough to use with experienced students and executives. The primary learning points are as follows: The basics of incremental-cash-flow analysis: identifying the cash flows relevant to a capital-investment decision The construction of a side-by-side discounted-cash-flow analysis for a replacement decision How to adapt the NPV decision rule to a troubled or dying industry The effect of financial distress on the NPV calculation The importance of sensitivity analysis to a capital-investment decision

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