scholarly journals A hitherto unknown river type from the Archaean at Bhurkuli (Jharkhand, E India)

Geologos ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. (Tom) van Loon ◽  
Shuvabrata De
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
The State ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Granitoid Pluton ◽  
Singhbhum Craton ◽  
River Type

AbstractThe Archaean granitoid pluton of the Singhbhum craton in E India is overlain by Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic metasediments. These sediments are still poorly known and their stratigraphy is under debate. Several scattered, most probably Meso- to Neoarchaean, conglomerates are present in the state of Jharkhand that differ so much in characteristics that they are probably not related to each other. The sedimentology of a series of conglomerate patches and layers near Bhurkuli has been investigated, including the characteristics of the clasts. It is deduced on the basis of these characteristics and the sedimentological context that the Bhurkuli conglomerates represent the channel facies of a river system that differed from the types of fluvial systems that exist nowadays.

History of Kansas Glacial Geology

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Aber
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
River System ◽  
The State ◽  
Glacial Geology ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Drainage ◽  
Glacial Periods ◽  
Continental Glaciation ◽  
Modern Era

The glacial features of northeastern Kansas have been investigated scientifically for more than a century; out of this study has come the concept of the "Kansan glaciation," which is recognized as an important stage of continental glaciation during the Pleistocene Epoch. The past glaciation of the American Plains and its implication for river-system development were recognized early by Louis Agassiz in 1868. Evidence for multiple glacial advances was discovered soon after, and T. C. Chamberlin in 1896 designated five glacial periods, of which the Kansan glaciation was next to oldest. The first detailed studies of glacial features in Kansas were carried out by J. E. Todd mostly in the second decade of this century. He emphasized reconstruction of stream and lake drainage developed peripherally to the ice sheet, and he can be regarded as the "father of Kansas glacial geology." The work of Todd was followed closely by that of W. H. Schoewe in the 1920-40's. Schoewe mapped the glacial limit as presently accepted, collected nearly all measurements of glacial striations in the State, and described evidence for multiple ice advances in the region. The modern era of glacial geology in Kansas began in 1952 with a comprehensive report by J. C. Frye and A. B. Leonard. They developed the concept of a cyclical model for interpreting Pleistocene strata of the State, and although now out-dated in some respects, their report remains the "bible" for Pleistocene and glacial geology in Kansas. The complexity of glaciation in Kansas was recognized increasingly during the 1960's and 1970's by many geologists, who recognized evidence for multiple glacial advances from various directions. At least one pre-Kansan and two Kansan advances now are recognized in the State.

scholarly journals The Barreiras Group in the Northeastern coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil: depositional mechanisms and processes

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERALDO S. VILAS BÔAS ◽  
FLÁVIO J. SAMPAIO ◽  
ANTONIO M. S. PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
The State ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
Sedimentary Deposit ◽  
Sandy Sediments

The Barreiras Group is a Miocene to Lower Pleistocene continental terrigenous sedimentary deposit exhibiting a large occurrence along the Brazilian coast. In the Conde region, located in the northeastern part of the State of Bahia, the sedimentological characteristics of these sediments are indicative of a deposition as gravelly and sandy bed load in braided fluvial systems, related to alluvial fans, under an arid to semi-arid climate. The basal portion of the group is dominated by a gravelly-sandy lithofacies deposited by debris flows and pseudoplastic debris flows, with lesser occurrences of subaqueous deposits, characterizing a proximal fluvial system deposition. The upper portion is made up of gravelly-sandy sediments that include subaqueous, debris flows and pseudoplastic debris flows deposits. They suggest deposition in a more distal zone as indicated by the larger occurrence of subaqueous deposits and the presence, though rare, of downstream-accretion macroforms. Besides the climate control, deposition of the Barreiras Group was strongly influenced by the intraplate tectonism, which has been affecting the South America Platform since the Middle Miocene, when neotectonism began in Brazil.

scholarly journals Controls on fluvial systems in the Siwalik Neogene and Wyoming Paleogene

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 315-315
Author(s):  
Brian J. Willis ◽  
Anna Kay Behrensmeyer ◽  
Thomas M. Bown ◽  
Mary Kraus ◽  
John S. Bridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
River System ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Bighorn Basin ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Mountain Belts ◽  
Siwalik Group

The 3-km thick Neogene Siwalik Group (Himalayan foredeep in northern Pakistan) and the 2-km thick Paleogene Fort Union/Willwood Formations (Bighorn Basin, Wyoming) both preserve long records of fluvial deposition adjacent to rising mountain belts. Depositional environments and associated habitats change with spatially varying physiography and deposition by river systems that may differ greatly in size, sediment loads, depositional rates, drainage of adjacent floodplains, and taphonomy of organic remains. At times, some environments may not be preserved; for example, avulsion of channels to low areas removes more deposits of channel-distal environments as avulsions increase relative to net sediment aggradation rates. Recognition of such large-scale biases is important because they represent time scales over which long term paleoecological change is reconstructed, and requires knowledge of how drainage systems changed in time and space within these evolving basins.The Siwalik Group was deposited by large rivers that filled a basin extending at least 1000 km along its axis and 150–250 km away from the mountain front. Despite the scale of these rivers relative to Siwalik exposures, transitions between different fluvial systems have been recognized. For example, a 1-km thick sequence bridging the boundary between Chinji and Nagri formations records displacement of a smaller river system (width < 2 km; depth 5-10 m; discharge 1000-1500 m3/s) by a larger system (width <5 km; depth 15-30 m; discharge at least 5,000-10,000 m3/s), with an associated upsection increase (30 to 70%) in the proportion of channel sandstones, increased mean sediment accumulation rates (150 to 300 m/my), decrease in poorly drained floodplain deposits and well developed paleosols, marked decrease in abundance of faunal remains, and a major change in faunal composition. Stratigraphically higher (Dhok Pathan Fm.), there is a lateral transition between deposits of dissimilar, coeval river systems with corresponding differences in local paleoenvironments and vertebrate taphonomy. Although upsection changes in environments and vertebrate faunas may generally reflect extrabasinal controls such as tectonism and climate change, our studies emphasize the importance of recognizing deposits from different contemporaneous river systems before inferring such large-scale controls on paleoenvironmental change through time.The Bighorn Basin is an intermountain foreland basin extending 200 km along its axis and about 80 km across. A large portion of this basin is exposed, and thus it is possible to reconstruct the distribution of river systems and the spatial paleoenvironments in more detail than in the Siwaliks. The Bighorn Basin was traversed along its axis by an early Eocene, north-south flowing river that was joined by smaller rivers flowing transverse to the axis. The proportion of channel sandstones decreases upsection (50 to 25%) from the Fort Union to the Willwood Fm. The proportion of channel sandstones and the abundance of well developed paleosols decrease with increasing net sediment aggradation rates. Although channel deposits are concentrated along the basin axis in a more complex way in some stratigraphic intervals, it is unclear to what extent these changes reflect deposition by different rivers versus extrinsically controlled changes within individual river systems.

scholarly journals The Quaternary alluvial systems tract of the Pantanal Basin, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Luis Assine ◽  
Eder Renato Merino ◽  
Fabiano do Nascimento Pupim ◽  
Hudson de Azevedo Macedo ◽  
Mauricio Guerreiro Martinho dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
River System ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Paraguay River ◽  
Sedimentary Dynamics ◽  
River Profiles

ABSTRACT The Pantanal Basin is an active sedimentary basin in central-west Brazil that consists of a complex alluvial systems tract characterized by the interaction between different river systems developed in one of the largest wetlands in the world. The Paraguay River is the trunk river system that drains the water and part of the sediment load received from areas outside of the basin. Depositional styles vary considerably along the river profiles throughout the basin, with the development of entrenched meandering belts, anastomosing reaches, and floodplain ponds. Paleodrainage patterns are preserved on the surface of abandoned lobes of fluvial fans, which also exhibit many degradational channels. Here, we propose a novel classification scheme according to which the geomorphology, hydrological regime and sedimentary dynamics of these fluvial systems are determined by the geology and geomorphology of the source areas. In this way, the following systems are recognized and described: (I) the Paraguay trunk-river plains; (II) fluvial fans sourced by the tablelands catchment area; (III) fluvial fans sourced by lowlands; and (IV) fluvial interfans. We highlight the importance of considering the influences of source areas when interpreting contrasting styles of fluvial architectures in the rock record.

scholarly journals Assessment of impacts of utilization on water resources in the basin of trans-boundary Red river system

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-505
Author(s):  
Do Huy Cuong ◽  
Nguyen Lap Dan ◽  
Bui Thi Bao Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nhan ◽  
Nguyen Xuan Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Use ◽  
River System ◽  
The State ◽  
Red River ◽  
Level Lowering

The Red river system is the large trans-boundary river system, there has been no united system of hydrology stations as well as integrated plan for the water use and management in the whole basin. The trend of water resources change in the Red river system basin has been assessed on the basic of statistic analyses of data observed during the studies, especially in the time when the exploitation of water resources has been intensified for the multisectoral development. This paper shows some of the results from considerations of the water use in the highlands that is influential in water resources in the Red river system basin and the planned reservoirs which are built in the basin of Red river system. The results include the assessment of the state and trend of water resources in the Red river system basin, the trend of water level lowering in the lowlands and its impacts.

scholarly journals O Papel do Perfil Longitudinal na atenuação do Potencial de Transporte de Sedimentos em Bacias Hidrográficas: o caso do Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca (GO), Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1730
Author(s):  
Yan De Mello Aleixo ◽  
Márcio Henrique De Campos Zancopé ◽  
Luis Felipe Soares Cherem
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Longitudinal Profile ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Sediment Transportation ◽  
Sediment Transfer ◽  
Longitudinal Profiles ◽  
Transfer Potential

A forma dos perfis longitudinais dos cursos d’água associada à distribuição das planícies aluviais adjacentes permitem identificar trechos com predomínio de processos agradacionais e denudacionais nos sistemas fluviais. Este trabalho identifica trechos dos perfis longitudinais dos rios a montante do Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca, no nordeste do estado de Goiás, que possuem tendências diferentes para transferência de sedimentos para jusante. Os rios cujos perfis longitudinais mais atenuam o potencial de transferência de sedimentos são: o São Vicente, da Lapa e Angélica. A forma dos perfis e a distribuição das planícies aluviais estão intrinsecamente ligados aos compartimentos geomorfológicos da área do Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca e à evolução do relevo regional, influenciando o transporte de sedimentos da rede de drenagem.The Role of the Longitudinal Profile in the attenuation of the Potential of Transport of Sediments in Watersheds: the case of the Terra Ronca State Park (GO), Brazil A B S T R A C TThe shape of the longitudinal profiles of rivers associated with the distribution of the adjacent floodplains allows identifying sections with predominance of aggradational and denudational processes in the fluvial systems. This paper identifies stretches of the longitudinal profiles of the rivers upstream of the Terra Ronca State Park, in the northeast of the state of Goiás, which have different trends to transfer of sediments to downstream. The rivers whose longitudinal profiles more attenuate the sediment transfer potential are: São Vicente, Lapa and Angélica. The shape of the profiles and the distribution of alluvial plains are intrinsically linked to the geomorphological compartments of the Terra Ronca State Park’s area and the evolution of the regional relief, influencing the sediment transportation of the fluvial drainage network.Keywords: sediment transportation, alluvial plains, geomorphological compartmentation. 

scholarly journals the Yuba City flood: a case study of weather modification litigation*

1968 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 690-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean E. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
River System ◽  
Tropical Storm ◽  
The State ◽  
Cloud Seeding ◽  
Weather Modification ◽  
Electric Company ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Severe Flooding

In December 1955 a severe tropical storm caused severe flooding throughout Northern California with damage exceeding $200,000,000. One area suffering large-scale flooding was at Yuba City, at the confluence of the Feather and Yuba Rivers. The levees broke and consequent damage was in the magnitude of $65 million. Property-owners sought recompense through suits brought in the Superior Court of Sutter County against the State of California, Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), and North American Weather Consultants (NAWC). PG&E, through its contracting agent, NAWC, had undertaken cloud seeding operations in three places in the high Sierras, one of which was in the Lake Almanor water-shed in the Feather River system. NAWC had interrupted seeding activities in that area three days before the levees broke at Yuba City. Plaintiffs charged that PG&E and NAWC were negligent in the operation of their generators, had contributed to the total quantity of water produced by the watershed and therefore were legally liable, and that cloud seeding was ultra-hazardous activity so that those engaged in such activities were strictly liable for damages. The suit was begun in 1958 and concluded in 1964. Trial before a judge only began in October 1963 and a decision was rendered in April 1964. The judge ruled that neither PG&E nor NAWC was liable. In accordance with an agreement among the parties no appeal was taken. Plaintiffs were successful, however, against the State, basing their claim for damages on the doctrine of inverse condemnation which holds that the State must recompense for damages incurred in the lawful exercise of its powers—in this case, the construction of levees. The litigation raises important questions of public policy with regard to weather modification and these are considered in the light of this case.

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