Performance and field implementation of a new fracturing fluid consisting of hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide and anionic surfactant

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongcong Zhao ◽  
Tongyi Liu ◽  
Pingya Luo ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Jianxin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Guar ◽  
Fluid Field ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating ◽  
Static Conditions

Abstract The fundamental cause of the proppant suspension behavior in hydraulic fracturing fluids lies in its internal microcosmic network structure and structural strength. In addition to chemical crosslinking, another method to form a network structure is established in this paper. Hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide and an anionic surfactant self-assembly process was applied to form a network structure. Compared with crosslinked hydroxypropyl guar gel, the new fracturing fluid even has better proppant suspending properties in static conditions. The capability does not result from crosslinkage but from reinforced physical associations between chains. The performance of this new fracturing fluid was tested and the results showed that it can fully satisfy the requirement of fracturing fluid. Field test shows excellent stimulation effects during its applications in 400 wells in eight oilfields in China.

scholarly journals Understanding the temperature–resistance performance of a borate cross-linked hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid based on a facile evaluation method

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (84) ◽  
pp. 53290-53300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiming Fan ◽  
Zheng Gong ◽  
Zhiyi Wei ◽  
Haolin Chen ◽  
Haijian Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Guar ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Resistance Performance ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Guar Gum

A facile procedure has been proposed to evaluate the temperature–resistance performance of fracturing fluids, which was used to understand the temperature–tolerance performance of a borate cross-linked hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid.

scholarly journals Self-Assembly of Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide and Gemini Surfactant

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 1405-1410
Author(s):  
HAN Li-Juan ◽  
◽  
YE Zhong-Bin ◽  
CHEN Hong ◽  
LUO Ping-Ya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Gemini Surfactant ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating

Design and Application of High-Temperature Raw-Seawater-Based Fracturing Fluids

SPE Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 1929-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Almubarak ◽  
Mohammed AlKhaldi ◽  
Jun Hong Ng ◽  
Hisham A. Nasr-El-Din
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
First Time

Summary Typically, water-based fracturing treatments consume a large volume of fresh water. Providing consistent freshwater sources is difficult and sometimes not feasible, especially in remote areas and offshore operations. Therefore, several seawater-based fracturing fluids have been developed in an effort to preserve freshwater resources. However, none of these fluids minimizes fracture-face skin and proppant-conductivity impairment, which can be critical for unconventional well treatments. Several experiments and design iterations were conducted to tailor raw-seawater-based fracturing fluids. These fluids were designed to have rheological properties that can transport proppant under dynamic and static conditions. The optimized seawater-based fracturing-fluid formulas were developed such that no scale forms when additives are mixed in or when the fracturing-fluid filtrate is mixed with different formation brines. The tests were conducted using a high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) rheometer, coreflood, and by aging cells at 250 to 300°F. The developed seawater-based fracturing fluids were optimized with an apparent viscosity greater than 100 cp at a shear rate of 100 seconds–1 and a temperature of 300°F for more than 1 hour. The use of polymeric- and phosphonate-based scale inhibitors (SIs) prevented the formation of severe calcium sulfate (CaSO4) scale in mixtures of seawater and formation brines at 300°F. Controlling the pH of fracturing fluids prevented magnesium and calcium hydroxide precipitation that occurs at a pH value of greater than 9.5. Most importantly, SIs had a negative effect on the viscosity of seawater fracturing fluid during testing because of their negative interaction with metallic crosslinkers. The developed seawater-based fracturing fluids were applied for the first time in an unconventional and a conventional carbonate well and showed very promising results; details of field treatments are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Supramolecular dynamic binary complexes with pH and salt-responsive properties for use in unconventional reservoirs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260786
Author(s):  
Bhargavi Bhat ◽  
Shuhao Liu ◽  
Yu-Ting Lin ◽  
Martin L. Sentmanat ◽  
Joseph Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
Binary Complex ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Zero Shear Viscosity ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Binary Complexes ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs has seen a boom in the last century, as a means to fulfill the growing energy demand in the world. The fracturing fluid used in the process plays a substantial role in determining the results. Hence, several research and development efforts have been geared towards developing more sustainable, efficient, and improved fracturing fluids. Herein, we present a dynamic binary complex (DBC) solution, with potential to be useful in the hydraulic fracturing domain. It has a supramolecular structure formed by the self-assembly of low molecular weight viscosifiers (LMWVs) oleic acid and diethylenetriamine into an elongated entangled network under alkaline conditions. With less than 2 wt% constituents dispersed in aqueous solution, a viscous gel that exhibits high viscosities even under shear was formed. Key features include responsiveness to pH and salinity, and a zero-shear viscosity that could be tuned by a factor of ~280 by changing the pH. Furthermore, its viscous properties were more pronounced in the presence of salt. Sand settling tests revealed its potential to hold up sand particles for extended periods of time. In conclusion, this DBC solution system has potential to be utilized as a smart salt-responsive, pH-switchable hydraulic fracturing fluid.

Self-assembly properties of a temperature- and salt-tolerant amphoteric hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (54) ◽  
pp. 49281-49288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongping Quan ◽  
Zhuoke Li ◽  
Zhiyu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Solution ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating

We prepared amphoteric hydrophobically associating polyacrylamides (AHAPAM) whose apparent viscosity of 0.5 wt% polymer solution can maintain 92 mPa s at 140 °C and 170 s−1 shearing for 1 h.

scholarly journals Supramolecular Viscosity Modifiers With Salt-responsive and Ph-switchable Characteristics for Hydraulic Fracturing Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhao Liu ◽  
Yu-Ting Lin ◽  
Martin L. Sentmanat ◽  
Joseph Kwon ◽  
Mustafa Akbulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Binary Complex ◽  
Solution System ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Zero Shear Viscosity ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing has seen a boom in the last century, as a means to fulfill the growing energy demand in the world. The fracturing fluid used in the process plays a substantial role in determining the results. Hence, several research and development efforts have been geared towards developing more sustainable, efficient, and improved fracturing fluids. Herein, we present a dynamic binary complex (DBC) solution, with potential to be useful in the hydraulic fracturing domain. It has a supramolecular structure formed by the self-assembly of low molecular weight viscosifiers (LMWVs) oleic acid and diethylenetriamine into an elongated entangled network under alkaline conditions. With less than 2 wt% constituents dispersed in aqueous solution, a viscous gel that exhibits high viscosities even under shear was formed. Key features include sensitivity to pH and salinity, and a zero-shear viscosity that could be tuned by a factor of ~280 by changing the pH. Furthermore, its viscous properties were pronounced in the presence of salt. Sand settling tests revealed its potential to hold up sand particles for extended periods of time. In conclusion, this DBC solution system has potential to be utilized as a smart salt-responsive, pH-switchable hydraulic fracturing fluid that can be prepared using seawater.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document