Electronic Overlap Population as Reactivity Measure IV. Bond Cleavage and Bond Formation Processes

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 781-785
Author(s):  
S. Sharafi-Ozeri ◽  
L. Muszkat ◽  
K. A. Muszkat
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Overlap Population

Abstract Electronic overlap population is explored as a reactivity measure for several bond cleavage and bond formation processes. The reactions considered include: I. decarboxylation of carboxylic acids and of their anions; II. carbon-hydrogen bond cleavage in γ-radiolysis of glutaric, methyl-malonic and 3-hexendioic acids; and, III. hydrogen atom addition to butadiene and to sorbic acid.

scholarly journals Hydrogen transfer reaction: Bond formation and bond cleavage through the eyes of interacting quantum atoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-900
Author(s):  
Branislav Milovanovic ◽  
Mihajlo Etinski ◽  
Milena Petkovic
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Fragment Analysis ◽  
Interacting Quantum Atoms ◽  
Methoxy Radical ◽  
The One

Hydrogen transfer from hydroquinone to the methoxy radical was studied using the density functional theory. The energy decomposition technique, interacting quantum atoms, was employed for a detailed investigation of the changes that the bonds of interest go through along the minimum energy path in the vicinity of the transition state. The whole system was divided either into two or three fragments. The two-fragment analysis enabled investigation of the bond that is formed or the one that is cleaved by defining the fragments as reactants and as products, respectively. The three-fragment analysis (the fragments being semiquinone, hydrogen atom and methoxy radical) was used for the simultaneous analysis of the two phenomena, bond cleavage and bond formation. Additionally, it enabled the interaction between the particle that donates the hydrogen atom and the one that accepts it to be investigated. This interaction is characterized by attractive non-classical and repulsive classical interactions. It was demonstrated that the transferring hydrogen atom undergoes the most pronounced energy changes and gives the largest contribution to the deformation energy.

Crystal structure of tamsulosin hydrochloride, C20H29N2O5SCl

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nilan V. Patel ◽  
Joseph T. Golab ◽  
James A. Kaduk ◽  
Amy M. Gindhart ◽  
Thomas N. Blanton
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Strong Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
Ether Oxygen ◽  
Sulfonamide Group

The crystal structure of tamsulosin hydrochloride has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and optimized using density functional techniques. Tamsulosin hydrochloride crystallizes in space group P21 (#4) with a = 7.62988(2), b = 9.27652(2), c = 31.84996(12) Å, β = 93.2221(2)°, V = 2250.734(7) Å3, and Z = 4. In the crystal structure, two arene rings are connected by a carbon chain oriented roughly parallel to the c-axis. The crystal structure is characterized by two slabs of tamsulosin hydrochloride molecules perpendicular to the c-axis. As expected, each of the hydrogens on the protonated nitrogen atoms makes a strong hydrogen bond to one of the chloride anions. The result is to link the cations and anions into columns along the b-axis. One hydrogen atom of each sulfonamide group also makes a hydrogen bond to a chloride anion. The other hydrogen atom of each sulfonamide group forms bifurcated hydrogen bonds to two ether oxygen atoms. The powder pattern is included in the Powder Diffraction File™ as entry 00-065-1415.

Vapochromism induced by intermolecular electron transfer coupled with hydrogen-bond formation in zinc dithiolene complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (42) ◽  
pp. 14939-14947
Author(s):  
So Yokomori ◽  
Shun Dekura ◽  
Tomoko Fujino ◽  
Mitsuaki Kawamura ◽  
Taisuke Ozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Intermolecular Electron Transfer ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Formation ◽  
Complex Crystal

A novel vapochromic mechanism by intermolecular electron transfer coupled with hydrogen-bond formation was realized in a zinc dithiolene complex crystal.

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