Säugetierspermatogenese als biologischer Indikator für ionisierende Strahlung / Mammalian Spermatogenesis as a Biological Indicator for Ionizing Radiation

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 898-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Hacker-Klom ◽  
Eva-Maria Meier ◽  
Wolfgang Göhde
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Ionisierende Strahlung ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Low Dose Effects

Abstract We have analysed spermatogenetic cells by flow cytometry to quantify effects of ionizing radiation. The radiation-induced reductions of testicular DNA-synthesizing cells, primary spermatocytes, haploid round and elongated spermatids as well as the increases of numerical chromo­ some aberrations (abnormal diploid spermatids and aneuploidies) in NMRI inbred mice are described. Testicular weights were determined as a parameter of germ cell decrease, and histologic cross sections of the testes were analysed. Since even an exposure of 0.05 Gy (= 5 rad) may be detected by a reduction of DNA-synthesizing cells (Acta Radiol. Oncol. Radiat. Phys. Biol. 21, 349-351 (1982) [1]), the use of the in vivo system “spermatogenesis” as a biological dosimeter to monitor low dose effects and to determine RBE values of different radiation qual­ ities is suggested.

scholarly journals Low dose effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissue stem cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Manda ◽  
Joy N. Kavanagh ◽  
Dajana Buttler ◽  
Kevin M. Prise ◽  
Guido Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Low Dose Effects

The “Low Dose” Hypothesis: Validity and Implications for Human Risk

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kamrin
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Low Dose Effects ◽  
Clear Support

In the late 1990s, a “low dose” hypothesis was proposed based on studies that purported to show that hormonally active environmental agents were causing a variety of effects, mainly reproductive and developmental, at “low doses.” The supporters of this hypothesis claim that traditional “high-dose” toxicity studies are not adequate to assess adverse effects from these hormonally active agents in that they do not detect effects that are occurring at “low doses.” In addition, it is claimed that these “low dose” effects are occurring at levels comparable to those to which humans are being exposed. These claims have been controversial and expert panels evaluated the evidence behind them in the early 2000s. Although these panels generally concluded that such “low dose” effects were not conclusively established, proponents of the “low dose” hypothesis assert that a large number of more recent studies now provide clear support for their hypothesis. This review carefully examines both recent and older studies that have been cited to support the “low dose” hypothesis, including their relevance for the human population. These include in vivo and in vitro laboratory studies as well as a very limited number of epidemiological investigations. Based on the evidence, it is concluded that these “low dose” effects have yet to be established, that the studies purported to support these cannot be validly extrapolated to humans, and the doses at which the studies have been performed are significantly higher than the levels to which humans are exposed.

scholarly journals Low dose effects and non-monotonic dose responses for endocrine active chemicals: Science to practice workshop: Workshop summary

Chemosphere ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Beausoleil ◽  
Jean-Nicolas Ormsby ◽  
Andreas Gies ◽  
Ulla Hass ◽  
Jerrold J. Heindel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Workshop Summary ◽  
Dose Responses ◽  
Low Dose Effects

Low-dose effects of X-rays and negative pions on the pronuclear zygote stage of mouse embryos

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Michel ◽  
H. Blattmann ◽  
I. Cordt-Riehle ◽  
H. Fritz-Niggli
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Zygote Stage ◽  
Low Dose Effects
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