Russell and Anti-War Politics in Working-Class Wales [review of Aled Eirug, The Opposition to the Great War in Wales, 1914-1918]

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Bone
Author(s):  
Nimisha Barton

This chapter cites Yolanda Foldes's 1937 novel about a Hungarian family in interwar Paris, in which the character Klari Barabas stumbles into the middle of a lovers' quarrel involving Greek Christos and his French wife. It analyses the misfortunes of fictional Christos and his French wife, which suggest men's work, missing wages, and marital discord that were intertwined in the mixed and immigrant working-class households sprouting up throughout France after the Great War. It also discusses the twin middle-class ideals of the male breadwinner and the femme au foyer that governed early twentieth century economic and social life. The chapter recounts how marriage became the most reliable legal means of securing access to a male breadwinner and his wages by the early twentieth century, especially in the event of the union's demise. It talks about alimentary pensions that were paid regularly by estranged husbands and were enforced by officials at the behest of French and foreign wives themselves.


2020 ◽  
pp. 301-316
Author(s):  
Rohan McWilliam

This chapter provides a conclusion to the book. It shows that by 1900 the West End functioned as the heart of empire. This was evident in the Mafeking celebrations but also in the way West End shows helped explain the empire to the British. The conservatism of West End culture provided a backdrop for popular imperialism. Whilst the book has emphasized the West End as the source of a conservative consensus, it ends by drawing on the experience of working-class people to show how its opulence could be the source of resentment and conflict. The chapter discusses the Blood Sunday riots which took place in the pleasure district and ends with the Suffragettes window smashing campaign where women attacked an area that was built to attract them. On the eve of the Great War, the West End served as a magnet for protest and pleasure.


Author(s):  
Seva Gunitsky

This chapter examines how the outcome of the Great War demonstrated democracy's effectiveness on both the battlefield and the factory floor, leading to a short-lived but intense period of democratization on the European continent and beyond. Between 1918 and 1922, over a dozen new states adopted democratic institutions including independent parliaments, civil liberties, and universal suffrage. At the same time, semi-democracies like Britain and Belgium expanded voting rights to previously excluded groups like women and working-class men. The chapter then looks at how the overstretch of the postwar wave contributed to the collapse of democracy and set the stage for a series of confrontations between rival institutional arrangements.


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