Guide for Construction of Sand-based Rootzones for Golf Putting Greens and Tees

10.1520/f2747 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Putting Greens ◽  
Golf Putting

scholarly journals Passive Control of Downslope Capillary Wicking of Water in Sand-based Root Zones

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. McInnes ◽  
James C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Passive Control ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Root Zones ◽  
Golf Putting ◽  
Porous Plastic ◽  
Capillary Wicking ◽  
Bottom Portion

Chronic dry spots that occur on the upper reaches of slopes on golf putting greens lead to increased frequency of irrigation to maintain a healthy turfgrass surface. To limit one cause of dry spots, the downslope wicking of water, we investigated the use of subsurface barriers to interrupt the capillary connectivity of the bottom portion of the root zone on a 3.5-m long, laboratory-simulated section of a green having a 5% slope. We evaluated the effectiveness of the barriers on a green constructed with a sand root zone over gravel drainage and on a green constructed with a sand root zone over a geotextile atop a porous plastic grid for drainage. With sand over gravel, the barriers were effective at reducing downslope wicking and the consequential loss of stored water in the root zone on the slope. In the top 0.5 m of the slope, there was 24 mm more water stored in the root zone profile of the green constructed with barriers compared with that in the green constructed without barriers. With sand over geotextile atop a plastic grid, the barriers were effective at reducing wicking of water, but only when the downslope continuity of the geotextile was broken. In that case, there was 35 mm more water stored in the root zone profile at the top of the slope in the green constructed with barriers and a discontinuous geotextile compared with the greens constructed with barriers and continuous geotextile or with sand over gravel and no barriers.

Seasonal Biology of the Invasive Green Stinkworm Amynthas hupeiensis and Control of Its Casts on Golf Putting Greens

cftm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl T. Redmond ◽  
Abiya Saeed ◽  
Daniel A. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Putting Greens ◽  
Golf Putting ◽  
And Control

Investigating low-dose herbicide programs for goosegrass (Eleusine indica) and smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) control on creeping bentgrass greens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
John R. Brewer ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Golf Putting ◽  
Putting Green ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Residual Control

Abstract Only four herbicides are registered for smooth crabgrass or goosegrass control on creeping bentgrass golf putting greens. None of the four herbicides control weedy grasses for the entire season or control weeds postemergence when applied once at labeled rates. Three of these have product labels that prohibit repeated use or application during stressful summer conditions. We hypothesized frequently applying herbicides at low doses could provide season-long control of summer grasses while minimizing turf injury. Seven field experiments were conducted on creeping bentgrass putting greens to evaluate various herbicides applied monthly, biweekly, or weekly for postemergence and residual control of goosegrass and smooth crabgrass as well as creeping bentgrass putting green tolerance. Metamifop applied twice monthly at 200 g ai ha−1, topramezone applied eight times weekly at 1.5 g ae ha−1, and siduron applied weekly at 5.6 kg ai ha−1 or four times biweekly at 11 kg ha−1 did not injure creeping bentgrass greater than 10% and maintained creeping bentgrass quality and cover equivalent to nontreated turf. Weekly or biweekly programs of fenoxaprop or quinclorac caused unacceptable injury and quality decline. Metamifop applied monthly and either fenoxaprop program controlled both smooth crabgrass and goosegrass 97 to 99% throughout the growing season. Programs containing either quinclorac or siduron controlled smooth crabgrass 99 to 100% but did not control goosegrass greater than 39%. All topramezone programs controlled smooth crabgrass 69 to 77% and goosegrass 93 to 98%. In additional studies, siduron applied five times biweekly did not injure creeping bentgrass putting greens and controlled smooth crabgrass greater than 90% at seasonal, cumulative rates between 17 and 65 kg ai ha−1. This method of frequent, low-dose herbicide treatment to control smooth crabgrass and goosegrass on golf putting greens is novel and could be legally implemented currently with siduron.

Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Rootzone Mixes Amended with Inorganics for Golf Putting Greens

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddie C. Waltz ◽  
Virgil L. Quisenberry ◽  
Lambert B. McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Golf Putting

scholarly journals Fungicide levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in golf putting greens

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
FREDERIC BARY ◽  
ALAN C. GANGE ◽  
MARK CRANE ◽  
KAREN J. HAGLEY
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Golf Putting

scholarly journals Water Flow Through Sand-based Root Zones Atop Geotextiles

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1543-1547
Author(s):  
Keisha Rose-Harvey ◽  
Kevin J. McInnes ◽  
James C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Drainage Layer ◽  
Root Zones ◽  
Golf Putting ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Putting Green ◽  
Size Of Particles

An alternative to the time-tested gravel drainage layer beneath a sand-based root zone of a sports field or golf putting green can be constructed from a geotextile atop a highly porous drainage material or structure. The geotextile serves to support the root zone mixture on the drainage layer whose pores can be too large for the sand to support itself by bridging. In such an application, the geotextile should have high enough strength and resistance to stretching to support the root zone mixture atop the pores of the drainage layer and should contain internal pores of appropriate size to retain the bulk of particles in the root zone mixture and to allow free passage of drainage water and eluviating fine particles. The objective of this study was to determine whether geotextiles selected to meet these criteria affect the drainage rates of sand-based root zones and whether they affect the size of particles lost from the root zone–geotextile systems. In a 1-year laboratory study that made use of 150-mm diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) test cells, measurements of drainage rates and saturated hydraulic conductivities were made on replicated combinations of 10 geotextiles and three 300-mm deep root zone mixtures. Size distributions and total masses of particles that passed from the root zones through the geotextiles were measured. Statistical analyses showed that drainage rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and size distribution and mass of eluviated particles were unaffected by the properties of the geotextiles. The results gave of no reason to prohibit the use of geotextiles to support sand-based root zones in golf putting greens or sports fields.

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