The coconstruction of interpersonal recognition in the clinical dialogue of the diagnostic process: A multilevel analysis of the verbal content and vocal nonverbal dimension

Purpose The purpose of this article is to present a client-centered model of counseling that integrates information and personal adjustment counseling. Research has indicated that audiologists are more comfortable with counseling that is information based than with personal adjustment counseling. The prevailing model of diagnosis appears to be the medical model in which, first, a case history is taken, then testing and, finally, counseling. This model lends itself to audiologist as expert and the counseling as a separate entity based on information and advice. Further research has indicated parents retain little of the information provided in the initial examination because of their heightened emotions. This article presents a client-centered model of diagnosis in which information is provided within an emotionally safe context, enabling the parents to express their feelings and have the ability to control the flow of information. The ultimate purpose of a client-centered model is to empower parents by making them active participants in the diagnostic process rather than passive recipients. Conclusion The client-centered model has wide implications for the diagnostic process as well as for the training of students.

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Perceptual Characteristics of Consonant Production in Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-18-0169 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 1411-1431 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lauren Bislick ◽

William D. Hula

Keyword(s):

Error Rate ◽

Error Rates ◽

Group Differences ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Apraxia Of Speech ◽

Contextual Variables ◽

Error Type ◽

Type Distribution ◽

Phonetic Features ◽

Syllable Position

Purpose This retrospective analysis examined group differences in error rate across 4 contextual variables (clusters vs. singletons, syllable position, number of syllables, and articulatory phonetic features) in adults with apraxia of speech (AOS) and adults with aphasia only. Group differences in the distribution of error type across contextual variables were also examined. Method Ten individuals with acquired AOS and aphasia and 11 individuals with aphasia participated in this study. In the context of a 2-group experimental design, the influence of 4 contextual variables on error rate and error type distribution was examined via repetition of 29 multisyllabic words. Error rates were analyzed using Bayesian methods, whereas distribution of error type was examined via descriptive statistics. Results There were 4 findings of robust differences between the 2 groups. These differences were found for syllable position, number of syllables, manner of articulation, and voicing. Group differences were less robust for clusters versus singletons and place of articulation. Results of error type distribution show a high proportion of distortion and substitution errors in speakers with AOS and a high proportion of substitution and omission errors in speakers with aphasia. Conclusion Findings add to the continued effort to improve the understanding and assessment of AOS and aphasia. Several contextual variables more consistently influenced breakdown in participants with AOS compared to participants with aphasia and should be considered during the diagnostic process. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9701690

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Structured Interview for Hoarding Disorder (SIHD)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 512-520

Author(s):

Caterina Novara ◽

Paolo Cavedini ◽

Stella Dorz ◽

Susanna Pardini ◽

Claudio Sica

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽

Clinical Environment ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Hoarding Disorder ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum

Abstract. The Structured Interview for Hoarding Disorder (SIHD) is a semi-structured interview designed to assist clinicians in diagnosing a hoarding disorder (HD). This study aimed to validate the Italian version of the SIHD. For this purpose, its inter-rater reliability has been analyzed as well as its ability to differentiate HD from other disorders often comorbid. The sample was composed of 74 inpatients who had been diagnosed within their clinical environment: 9 with HD, 11 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and HD, 22 with OCD, 19 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and 13 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). The results obtained indicated “substantial” or “perfect” inter-rater reliability for all the core HD criteria, HD diagnosis, and specifiers. The SIHD differentiated between subjects suffering from and not suffering from a HD. Finally, the results indicated “good” convergent validity and high scores were shown in terms of both sensitivity and specificity for HD diagnosis. Altogether, the SIHD represents a useful instrument for evaluating the presence of HD and is a helpful tool for the clinician during the diagnostic process.

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