To Domesticate or to Foreignize: An Approach to Translating Fables and Fairy Tales

The present study deals with the strategies used in the Arabic translations of the most popular genres of children’s literature; namely fairy tales and fables as an attempt to identify the best methods and strategies to be adopted in translating these genres to fulfill the ultimate purpose of enriching the children’s knowledge in addition to attracting their interest and arousing the joy sought for in every piece of literature. The study sets off from three dominating trends: the first calls for the adoption of domestication strategy of translation as the most appropriate and effective strategy in translation for children. In the same line, the second opposes using the foreignization strategy, while the third trend advocates for the joint employment of various strategies to fulfill certain requirements and needs that would be called upon within the context such as didactic purposes. Throughout the process of examining and verifying the theses of these trends, samples of translations of the genres are chosen based on the most popular and well known fairy tales and fables either circulated in written form or televised as movies or cartoons; namely Hans Christian Andersen’s Fairy Tales and Aesop’s Fables. These samples are subjected to translation quality assessment to come out with a quality statement to highlight their merits and demerits. The receptors’ (children) impact is also sought via conducting a field study that has been designed for children of two age groups defined by specialized scholars as intended receptors of the genre

Intraarterial urokinase for thrombus migration after mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel ischemic stroke

Background Achieving rapid and complete reperfusion is the ultimate purpose for ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Although mechanical thrombectomy (MT) had been a proverbially important procedure, medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) with thrombus migration can sporadically occur after MT. Moreover, the safe and effective approach for such had been unknown. We reported thrombolysis with intraarterial urokinase for MeVO with thrombus migration after MT. Methods We included 122 patients who were treated by MT with LVO stroke at our institution between April 2019 and March 2021. Of 26 patients (21.3%) who developed MeVO with thrombus migration after MT, 11 (9.0%) underwent additional MT (MT group) and 15 (12.3%) received intraarterial urokinase (UK group). The procedure time; angiographically modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia Scale (mTICI); functional independence, which was defined as modified Rankin Scale 0–2, on day 30 or upon discharge; and symptomatic and asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were compared between the UK and MT groups. Results The procedure time, mTICI, and asymptomatic ICH did not significantly differ between the groups. In the UK group, 8 of 15 (53.3%) patients obtained functional independence, and the functional independence rate was significantly higher in the UK group than in the MT group ( p < 0.05). Symptomatic ICH did not occur in the UK group, and its incidence was significantly smaller than that in the MT group ( p < 0.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that intraarterial urokinase for MeVO with thrombus migration after MT may safely improve angiographic reperfusion.

A Study on Effects of Employee Training Practices and its Outcome in Software Industries being Specific at Chennai

Training is an art of enhancing skills and knowledge of an employee in performing a task productively. It’s about to impart a defined work related skill to the worker. Training is the connective passage between the employee and the specific job requirement. Development means overall growth of an individual along with the organization. The ultimate purpose of training and development is to increase the efficiency and being skillful by adopting various new mechanisms for a better standard of work life. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of training modules in IT sector based Chennai. The study concentrates on the perception of the employees about the training sessions. Developing the talent of workforce enables job enrichment and enlargement. A module of ten Questionnaire is framed out to identify the strong feelings of 100 sample employees on training programs conducted by the organization. The collected data will be analyzed using simple percentage analysis, factor analysis, ANOVA and Chi-Square.

The Aesthetic Engagement Theory of Art

I introduce and explicate a new functionalist account of art, namely that something is an artwork iff the fulfillment of its function by a subject requires that the subject aesthetically engage it. This is the Aesthetic Engagement Theory of art. I show how the Aesthetic Engagement Theory outperforms salient rival theories in terms of extensional adequacy, non-arbitrariness, and ability to account for the distinctive value of art. I also give an account of what it is to aesthetically engage a work that relies on our agential capacity to treat an object as having non-instrumental value, even while the ultimate purpose for our engaging the object is to get something from it.

A Taxonomy Of Euroscepticism

This paper aims to visualise a contemporary phenomenon with dire consequences: Euroscepticism. First of all, I draw the picture of a world in which cleavages dominate social relations. Borders sometimes become bridges between states, paradoxically, as is the case with the European Union (EU). The question is this: How can this cross-border friendship be maintained? I cannot provide an answer, but develop a taxonomy of negative sentiments toward the EU and its policies. By understanding the reasons that lead citizens to criticise the EU, we can prevent these negative thoughts from rising, so as to avoid the negative consequences of conflict. The different types presented cover in a comprehensive manner the forms in which criticism toward the EU manifests itself. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to describe each type and to provide recent examples to illustrate them. Last but not least, I briefly formulate a few statements regarding the evolution of Euroscepticism between 2004 and 2020.

Force analysis of minimal self-adaptive fingers using variations of four-bar linkages

This paper presents the design and optimization of four versions of self-adaptive, a.k.a. underactuated, fingers based on four-bar linkages. These fingers are designed to be attached to and used with the same standard translational grippers as one finds in the manufacturing and packaging industries. This paper aims at showing self-adaptive fingers as simply as possible and analysing the resulting trade-off between complexity and performance. To achieve this objective, the simplest closed-loop 1 degree-of-freedom (DOF) linkage, namely the four-bar linkage, is used to build these fingers. However, it should be pointed out that if this work does consider a single four-bar linkage as the basic building block of the fingers, four variations of this four-bar linkage are actually discussed, including some with a prismatic joint. The ultimate purpose of this work is to evaluate whether the simplest linkages for adaptive fingers can produce the same level of performance in terms of grasp forces as more complex designs. To this end, a kinetostatic analysis of the four fingers is first presented. Then, the fingers are all numerically optimized considering various force-based metrics, and results are presented. Finally, these results are analysed and prototypes shown.

Errance poétique et figuration de l’humanisme-altermondialiste : entre position, opposition et repositionnement idéologique dans L’Imparfait de l’exil de Narcisse Mouellé kombi II

résumé ¿Cuál es el fin último de la poesía si no es oponerse a las ideologías de la deconstrucción y la deshumanización que se turnan a las puertas de la historia, cambiando evidentemente la forma de mirar y ver la vida? Basándose en la semiótica de la poesía conceptualizada por Michaël Riffaterre, el presente estudio postula que L'Imparfait de l'exil de Narcisse Mouellé kombi II representa las frustraciones resultantes de la barbarie del humano africano. Deseando desvincularse de las prácticas alienantes que obstaculizan cualquier forma de realización en lo Humano, el poeta procede a demostrar que sólo una ideología alternativa liberaría a los desheredados del seno de un lobo hobbesiano despiadado: el humanismo-altermundista. Autoproclamado como dueño indiscutible de una ciudad, a la que ha dañado mediante el uso de la fuerza y el horror, este monstruo humano opta por un incongruente modus operandi, que no es otro que la violencia y la confiscación multiforme de las libertades. Palabras clave: figuración, deconstrucción, ideología alternativa, humanismo-altermundista, convivencia Abstract What is the ultimate purpose of poetry if not to oppose the ideologies of deconstruction and dehumanization that take turns and jostle each other at the gates of history, obviously changing the way people look at and see their lives? Based on the semiotics of poetry conceptualized by Michaël Riffaterre, this study postulates that Narcisse Mouellé kombi II's L'Imparfait de l'exilreprésente les frustrations résultant de la barbarie de l'homme africain. Désireux de se dissocier des pratiques aliénantes qui font obstacle à toute forme d'épanouissement humain, le poète procède alors à la démonstration que seule une idéologie alternative libérerait le privé de ses droits du sein d'un loup hobbesien impitoyable: l'humanisme-altermondialisme. Autoproclamé maître incontesté d'une ville qu'il a endommagée par l'usage de l'horreur, ce monstre humain opte pour un modus operandi incongru , qui n'est autre que la violence et la confiscation multiforme des libertés. Mots - clés : figuration, déconstruction, idéologie alternative, humanisme-altermondialisme, vivre ensemble Résume A quoi sert finalement la poésie si ce n'est pour s'opposer aux idéologies de la déconstruction et de la déhumanisation qui se relayent et se bousculent aux portillons de l'Histoire, modifier à l'évidence les regards et visions sur la vie des uns et des autres? Fondée sur la semotique de la poésie conceptualisée par Michaël Riffaterre, la présente étude postule que L'Imparfait de l'exilpar Narcisse Mouellé kombi II figure les frustrations résultant de la barbarie de l'humain africain. Désireux de solidarité avec les pratiques aliénantes qui obèrent toute forme d'épanouissement chez l'Humain, le poète procède alors à la démonstration qui rejoint une idéologie alternative affranchirait les laissés-pour-compte du giron d'un loup hobbesien impitoyable: -altermondialiste. Je me suis proclamé incontestable maître dans une cité, qu'il a amoché, pour le recours à la force de l'horreur, comme un être humain opte pour un mode opératoire incongru, qui est plus que violence et confiscation multiforme des libertés. Mots-clés: figuration, déconstruction, idéologie alternative, humanisme-altermondialiste, vivre-ensemble

HERMENEUTIKA AL-QUR`AN AMINA WADUD MUHSIN

Al-Qur'an has an important position in Islamic studies, beyond its function as a guidance, Holy Qur'an also functioned to be a differentiator. In interpreting hermeneutics, this is a form of interpretation method which in its operation is used to derive conclusions about the meaning of a text or verse. According to Amina Wadud, there is no truly objective method of interpreting the Qur'an. Each commentator sets several subjective choices. In Islamic studies, there are several approaches offered by intellectuals to get the moral message of Islam as a religion that has a gender perspective. Here the author attempt to discuss several examples of Amina Wadud's interpretation with her hermeneutical model regarding the issue of women's rights and roles. The aim is to evaluate the extent to which the position of women in Muslim culture has truly reflected the meaning of Islam regarding women in society. In addition, the specific goal is to demonstrate the ability to adapt the worldview of the Qur'an to women's issues according to the modern context. The author argues that the ultimate purpose of the theory is to build a harmony among of Islamic teaching: law, ethics, and theology, each of which has to support one another.

Att utveckla elevers förmåga att formulera undersökningsbara frågor i naturvetenskap: Mangling av en didaktisk modell

En viktig målsättning för naturvetenskaplig undervisning är att utveckla förmågan att formulera undersökningsbara frågor. Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur undervisning som utformats med hjälp av metoden Question Formulation Technique (QFT) kan stödja utveckling av elevers förmåga att formulera naturvetenskapligt undersökningsbara frågor. QFT är en modell för att utveckla elevers förmåga att formulera och värdera sina egna frågor i allmänhet. I studien prövas QFT i en svensk skolkontext och inom ramen för naturvetenskaplig undervisning. Studien genomfördes som en interventionsstudie i gymnasieskolan och inom ramen för kursen Gymnasiearbete. I kursen ska eleverna genomföra en egen naturvetenskaplig undersökning. QFT användes för att utforma undervisning som del av introduktionen till kursen. Data består av videoinspelningar av elevsamtal från undervisning som har analyserats utifrån ett pragmatiskt ramverk med organiserande syften och praktisk epistemologisk analys. Resultaten visar vilka närliggande syften som etableras i elevernas samtal om undersökningsbara frågor i undervisningen: (A) att producera så många frågor som möjligt, (B) att bedöma vilka frågor som är mest relevanta, (C) att kategorisera frågor, (D) att hitta och specificera ett undersökningsobjekt och (E) att planera för att genomföra en undersökning. Slutsatsen är att QFT kan fungera som stöd för lärares planering av undervisning om naturvetenskapligt undersökningsbara frågor under förutsättning att läraren aktivt stödjer eleverna i att uppmärksamma centrala kvaliteter avseende undersökningsbarhet och genom att binda samman närliggande syften med det övergripande syftet. In English An important goal for science education is to develop students’ ability to formulate questions of inquiry. The aim of this study is to investigate if science teaching designed from the method “Question Formulation Technique” (QFT) can support the development of this ability. QFT is a model for developing students' ability to phrase and evaluate questions in general which has been developed in a US context. In this study QFT is used in a Swedish context and within upper secondary school science education. The study is an intervention study where QFT was used as part of the introduction to Diploma work in the final year of upper secondary school. During the diploma work students are expected to conduct their own scientific investigations. The data consists of video recordings of student conversations while working with the formulation of questions for inquiry as part of a research lesson designed using QFT. Data was analyzed using a pragmatic approach of combining practical epistemological analysis (PEA) and organising purposes. The results show that five proximate purposes were established in the student conversations while the students engaged in formulating and refining questions of inquiry based on the QFT model. The five proximate purposes were: (A) to produce as many questions as possible, (B) to assess which questions are most relevant, (C) to categorize questions, (D) to find and specify the object of inquiry and (E) plan to conduct an inquiry. In conclusion, QFT can support the planning of teaching in relation to the ultimate purpose regarding how to formulate and refine questions of inquiry provided that the teacher actively participates to support students in connecting the established proximate purposes with the ultimate purpose. Fulltext in Swedish.

Ecological Cognitive Analysis of Chinese Harmonious Discourse

This study is concerned with cognitively and consciously enacting a new dialectical opposite-unity approach into Chinese harmonious discourse (CHD) analysis in an ecological perspective, which contributed to converting antagonistic thinking between human and nature into an ecological harmonious one cultivated into an unconscious state. The method applied is primarily the theoretical analysis and interpretation, due to the newness of this subject and the lack of corpus data. The motivation of this paper is evoked by the discovery of various cognition dissonances and insufficiencies with the academic development of newly born ecolinguistics. On a micro or specified level, this paper presents a cutting-edge example of an ecologically cognitive approach to the analysis of CHD, based on Chinese dialectical opposite-unity philosophy, to construct a higher-level cognition mechanism into a habitually unconscious thinking state. Such a mechanism has its practical significance in devoting to alleviating the ecological crisis by a change in ways of thinking, mediating cognitive dissonance brought about by the crisis, and improving the one-sided cognition deficiency brought about by ways of antagonistic thinking in order to maintain the ecological harmony. The theoretical significance lies in it demonstrating the cognitive process about how the unconscious ecological harmony cognition is cultivated by the conscious operational opposite-unity cognition procedure, with the ultimate purpose to achieve and maintain a real ecological harmony, under the cross-cultural background.